Umlando eningiliziwe Valentin Kataev

Akukho lutho isimanga eqinisweni lokuthi Valentin Kataev is kangcono eyaziwa ngokuthi umbhali yezingane. Kodwa, bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi yena yanikezelwa ezimbili kwasetshenziswa St George, Order of St Anne degree angu-4 th, ezintathu oda we Lenin, has isihloko Hero of Socialist Labour (1974) kanye owawina uMklomelo State inoveli yakhe "The Tinder Ibhokisi" (1946).

Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ukuphila Valentin Kataev. Biography kanye umsebenzi umlobi odumile abakwazi kodwa sivuse isithakazelo.

Odessa-Mama

Valentin Petrovich wazalelwa e-Odessa, ngo-January 28, 1897 ku-umndeni abafundile. Uyise wayengumGreki indodana umfundisi owayevela Vyatka, futhi kwakusekhona nokuhle vermja bakhe babefuna silandela ezinyathelweni zikayise, kodwa, njengoba ayeke wafunda esikoleni sabefundisi, washintsha inkambo ngesikhathi Novorossiysk University of Umlando futhi kolimi, bese afundiswe Odessa ubusosha esikoleni Diocesan.

umama womlobi yindodakazi jikelele sika. Umndeni wawuhlala kamnandi, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Ngemva nje kwazalwa umfowabo Valentine - Eugene - owesifazane wabulawa i-pneumonia. Nezintandane ezithathwe yi imfundo ngodadewabo.

Valentin Kataev: Biography, izithombe

Valentin futhi Eugene kusukela ebuntwaneni bagxilisa inzondo nothando nezincwadi zakudala, endlini yabo has a umtapo omkhulu. Ngokuvamile abazali ukufunda izincwadi zabo ngokuzwakalayo.

Lokhu kufakazelwa umlando bezijabulisa nokulotshwa kwalo. kamuva Kataev Valentin Petrovich wakhumbula ukuthi emibhalweni yakhe ngokuvamile wachaza umndeni uhlakaniphile futhi sibonelo sabo, njengoba umthetho, kwaba umndeni wakhe, okuye kwenza wabusa njalo ubudlelwane ukushisa, ukufaneleka profound wedwa.

Valentin has engu-12 waqala ukubhala izinkondlo, okuyinto ukufunda yonke ilandelana: izihlobo, maqabane kanye nabangani. Yayithanda imibono yabo. Khona-ke, njengoba wesikole, bagijima emhlabeni Amahhovisi yokuhlela, lapho izinkondlo lakhe ibingamashumi ekujaheni ukuthatha ukuphrinta. eyodwa kuphela inkondlo "Autumn" kodwa yanyatheliswa ngo-1910 e "Odessa iGazethi".

It Sasimane amaphiko umfana oneminyaka engu nantathu ubudala. Ukuze umbelesele ngosi wayengumuntu ukuthatha nomfowabo. Eugene uyakhumbula ukuthi yamemeza lapho zamhudulela ku edition elilandelayo ngoba omunye wesaba ukuya Valentine. Ngakho bonke, futhi kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba umngane wakhe e sokuzivocavoca akazange ukweluleka kwakhe ukuya uyise - Mitrofanovich umbhali Alexander Fedorov.

Ngokushesha wayeseboshwe emelelwa Kataeva njengoba ophumelelayo kakhulu. Fedorov abajwayelene kuye ngemisebenzi Ivan Bunin. Futhi kwaba nesimangaliso umfana zezinkondlo bangempela. Akapholisanga maseko Wabuza uyise wamthenga iqoqo izinkondlo Bunin. Uyise imizwelo wama phandle izinyembezi, wayecabanga ukuthi ekugcineni indodana yakhe asanguluke.

dream

Njalo ngonyaka e-Odessa wavakashela Bunin. Futhi sekuyisikhathi ukubazi mathupha. Kwakuba usuku ebaluleke kakhulu ikusasa umbhali, futhi le ndaba yomlando wakhe. Kataev Valentin Petrovich waba umfundi model of the imbongi edumile. Wafundisa kuye emsebenzini, nokubhala izinkondlo nsuku zonke, futhi kulolu cwaningo njengoba wopiyano phezu upiyano, njalo honing amakhono akhe.

Bunin wathi abafundi bakhe, ngaphandle kwalokho mancane ithalente lakhe njengoba kahle kuyiphi amanzi akuthathi isikhathi eside. Kataev engazi ukuthi ukubhala mayelana, kodwa Bunin wagomela ukuthi kubalulekile ukubhala njalo, ngisho ngaphandle ugqozi ezidingekayo ukuthi ubona, ngokwesibonelo, kolwandle, iTshe lika-ebhentshini.

Bunin akuyona okuningi ayithande isifiso Kataeva ashicilele zonke inkondlo Odessa ukuphrinta ukushicilela engiyalela zokungajahi okwamanje. Wayazi imbongi abasha, kodwa wachaza ukuthi lesi sinyathelo ukuthatha isikhathi sokuba ngesikhathi, futhi, washesha futhi wanyathelisa izincwadi eziningi ababuthakathaka, okuyinto manje wazisola kakhulu.

lomzwelo

Biography Valentin Kataev iqukethe amaqiniso athakazelisayo imvelo romantic, ngoba ngesinye isikhathi zonke abathanda kukhona. umndeni Eduze wahlala Kataev Alexeev.

Indodakazi endala ka uColonel Alekinskogo, ogama lakhe lalingu-Irene, le ntombazane enemisebenzi athuthukile. Wagqaba, sculpted, ababedlala upiyano, wabhala isosha esihlatshelelwayo futhi iqoshwe okungcono encwadini. Khona-ke endlini Aleksinskoye uqobo akha club kwezincwadi abathandi izinkondlo. Ukuza futhi ukugibela, okungase ukuba ukuthandana nentombazane amnandi futhi kuhle kakhulu, wayehumusha eziningi izinkondlo zakhe, futhi eminyakeni eminingi kamuva kwaba sibonelo isithombe namaqhawekazi lakhe eqanjiwe.

impi

Ngo-1915, Kataev hhayi kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme, waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye i-phambili. Yena waba yisosha iphansi kwesandla sika-ukuthi umakhelwane efanayo manje Alexinsky Jikelele, uyise ka-Irene, lapho ebhala izincwadi zakhe, ezifihle dugouts manzi, enyinyekile futhi amnyama. Kube wayevame vsominal izikhathi ekhazimulayo ngaphambili nendlela Wavuma uthando intombazane endlini yabo on emphemeni.

Ngisho empini Kataev, ngokuba njalo ngaphansi umlilo, wakhonza isivumelwano Bunin: ukubhala njalo futhi nsuku zonke. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinto azidalile eziningi tindzaba letimfisha kanye tindzaba, okuyinto sekuthunyelwa othandekayo wakhe nakomagazini wedolobha.

ukubuya

Biography Valentin Kataev ngaphezulu iboshelwe yokuthi wabuyela Odessa lwakubo ukuzofunda Infantry School, ngo-December 1916. Fire phakathi nempi, wathatha izintambo ezinye izinyanga zakhe best wachitha endaweni enhle nomkhaya. Nalapha futhi, eziningi sikhatsi lesisetjentiswe Aleksinskoye Valentin Kataev (Biography emfushane, kodwa yisho la maqiniso) netinkondlo ngokuzinikela Irina. yakhe yamaphuzu ngenkathi kakhulu agcwaliswa.

Kodwa ngo-May 1917 lapho aphinde kwesokunxele kuya phambili, lapho wayebethelwe khona kabi, futhi ngo-November wayesesangweni esibhedlela Odessa. Ngokushesha nje lapho wazizwa impumuzo kancane, ngokushesha ngaqala ukusebenza phezu Anthology "sonnets Three", eyanyatheliswa ngo-1918 Ngawo lowo nyaka wathola izindaba Irene wayeka bemthanda. Ngaye, la mazwi kungathi isigwebo sentambo. Nokho, ukuphila kwaba ngawo ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele.

revolution

Waqala ephonseka iminyaka, kusukela 1917 kuya 1920 amandla Odes usushintshile izikhathi 14. Uhulumeni waseSoviet uye wahluleka izakhe, nomuzi wahlala ngaphansi kokubusa Hetman Skoropadsky. Odessa isibe iphuzu zokuthutha umphakathi ukuze ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe Russian Berlin, Paris kanye iConstantinople. Ngakho-ke waya kude, u-Ivan Bunin, u-Alexei UTolstoy, nabanye abalobi owaziwa nezihlakaniphi.

kamuva Kataev waba yisosha zokuzithandela ayelwa egibele yempi "okusha Russia". ngokushesha imfiva baba sika nomhlophe kanye abomvu. Nalapha umbhali walinda esibhedlela Odessa kanye ukutakula - umsebenzi ku-Telegraph Agency. Ngenxa owake wavalelwa ejele, wayecabangisisile lesi sigameko, kodwa kamuva ngafunda ke umbhali Kataeva okwamanje.

Lezi zinto zagxila ayenakho ngokwanele for a lifetime. Yesizukulwane sakhe lamaphoyisa ababengazange ephethwe noma cha kungenzeka ufuna ukushiya Russia, ukuguga cishe akekho wahlala, kwabulawa 20s zabo futhi wakhawula ku-37. Lokhu waze wafuna ukuba babhale incwadi, futhi ekugugeni kwakhe akwenza.

Moscow

Ngo-1921, ubaba wakhe wabulawa indlala, Kata waya laseKharkov, kude inkumbulo Cheka, bese eMoscow, lapho waqala ukusebenza iphephandaba "Whistle". I ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe, inhloko-dolobha elase liyincithakalo, kancane wadonsa umfowabo nabangane.

Indlu kokushicilela, wahlangana udokotela Mihailom Bulgakovym, futhi, wangaphambili iWhite Guard futhi libuye wanamathela ngenxa imfiva. Abantu abashadile baba abangane. Yonke iqulo abalobi wawuhleli Kataeva indawo esingalala Chistye Prudy.

Bulgakov wavakashela Lola udade, isikeyiti uthando naye kweso futhi wamenza ukuba okunikezwayo. Lola wenqaba kuye, bese ngokushesha Valentin washada Anna Kovalenko - umculi. inkampani yakhe ngokushesha wanika intombazane isidlaliso Mma Mucha.

Bese ngesizotha lidlule wonke mlando, wabhala engangikufuna futhi ngizibheke lucky.

Phakathi Omkhulu Patriotic Valentin Petrovich kwaba umlobeli we "Pravda" futhi wahlanganyela ukushicilela izincwadi mayelana nempi. Ngo-1942, amaJalimane wadubula phansi indiza kusuka eMoscow kuya Novorossiysk nomfowabo, futhi engumlobi, Eugene. ke uTom wayengusihlalo oneminyaka engu-39 waba co-umbhali I. Ilf inoveli "12 nezitulo" nesithi "Ithole Legolide".

Wake wasebenza ngumhloli uphenyo lobugebengu Odessa, bese ku Odessa ukushicilela, lapho ahlangana ne Iley Faynzilbergom (i-alias Ilf), kodwa ke Valentin wabayisa eMoscow futhi wanikeza umbono walokho okubizwa ngokuthi inoveli mayelana Bender. Kuthiwa ukuthi Kata futhi baba sibonelo sakhe.

Fiction Wezingane

Kwenzeka inqaba kusanele namuhla ukubhala lonke enkathini ayephila kuso, Valentin Kataev, biography.

Ezinganeni, ngasendleleni, uye ebhaliwe isibalo esikhulu izindaba futhi inganekwane, eminingi yayo bahlolwe bese yayithandwa kakhulu.

Biography Valentin Kataev kuyajabulisa ngakho futhi ezithakazelisayo ukuthi predstalvyaetsya akunakwenzeka ukuyihlanganisa yonke. Nokho, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi wayethanda futhi baziswa. Ngemva kwempi, uba umhleli we- "Youth" futhi kuyokhulisa ithalente abasha.

Umlobi uzobe yayijabule kakhulu emshadweni no-Esteri Brenner, okuyinto aphile iminyaka 55, futhi manje ozoyenza kuye futhi bamthande konke ukuphila kwakhe. Esteri wamzalela izingane ezimbili - indodakazi Eugenia nendodana uPawulu.

Biography Valentin Kataev - kungcono ibanga elide ukuya. Umlobi kwakunguJohane njalo emsebenzini laphila eside kweminyaka engu-90. Yena wabulawa umdlavuza ngo-1986, ngo-Ephreli 12. ithuna lakhe kule Novodevichy Amathuna eMoscow.