Prince Potemkin: Biography, izithombe, imisebenzi Potemkin

ubuntu kakhulu elikhanyayo ohleshulelwe Prince Potemkin, biography, incazelo emfushane futhi incazelo imisebenzi okuyinto ziye zalondolozwa imisebenzi ababephila ngesikhathi sakhe, uye ukhangwa isithakazelo esikhulu phakathi mlando namhlanje. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngekhulu XVIII, isihloko salo eRussia kwaba isikhathi eside kusukela Imperial. It engena uhlu izikhundla kanye imiklomelo etholwe isikhulu sonke isikhathi inkonzo kuya wobaba.

Ebuntwaneni futhi intsha

UGrigory Alexandrovich, Ngokuzayo Potemkin abadumile, wazalwa 13 (24) Septhemba 1739 edolobhaneni Chizhov, eduze Smolensk. Uyise, u-Alexander, kwaba abasebenzi kaPetru isikhulu futhi kamuva wamiswa elisezingeni uMajor imizuzwana. Lapho Potemkin-endala kuyinto engu-50 ubudala, lapho aqala khona ukuthandana nge abasha umfelokazi oneminyaka engu-20 ubudala Darya Vasilyevna Skuratov (nee Kondyrev), okuyinto wabeletha indodana namadodakazi amahlanu.

Mangisho ukuthi u-Alexander waba umlingisi nzima kakhulu, Grisha kancane ngakho kwanqunywa ukunikeza imfundo umzala kayise, uGregory Matveyevich Kislovsky, owayehlala eMoscow futhi waba nguMengameli we Izingxoxo-ebhodini.

imfundo Potemkin owaqala ngokuvukela nezikole ezizimele Litkina futhi waqhubeka enza sokuzivocavoca ngesikhathi eMoscow University. Phakathi kweminyaka ecwaninga intsha wabonisa ikhono elimangalisayo lokuqamba sciences, kodwa futhi wabonisa inkumbulo yayo ngokoqobo lokukwazi. Ngo 1756 Gregory ngithola indondo yegolide, futhi ndawonye neqembu ezifana abafundi yimpumelelo wathunyelwa Petersburg, lapho bebehlala khona: wethulwa iNdlovukazi Elizabeth.

umsebenzi Early

Naphezu ukusebenza kakhulu, Ngokuzayo Prince Potemkin, ogama biography ugcwele ulwazi mayelana ematfuba abukhali ukudalelwa, waxoshwa enyuvesi ukwehluleka ukubika ukuze ilalelwe ikilasi. Wayefanele ukujoyina Guards, njengengxenye kuyo Wathatha iqhaza kombuso, eyaqhutshwa ngo 1762. Umphumela waxoshwa uMbusi uPetru III, futhi enyukela esihlalweni sobukhosi umkakhe - uCatherine II. Ngalesi Potemkin ezazinikwe serfs angamakhulu amane, ayizinkulungwane 10. Ruble futhi elisezingeni uLieutenant. amandla esisuka nokufuna ukuvelela igcinwe baphokophelele kuye ukuze uthole ushintsho phetho.

Okokuqala, Grigoriy Aleksandrovich wakhonza Konnogvardeisky eshalofini, futhi 1763, isimemezelo uCatherine II wayezimisele kuseli-Junker esiGungwini lapho esondela abazalwane Orlovs. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-5 wakhononda kuya yabathenwa, futhi ubalwe njengenye egcekeni iNdlovukazi.

Imisebenzi Prince Potemkin

Iminyaka ecela emashumini amabili, Grigoriy Aleksandrovich iqhaza ezindabeni eziningi kazwelonke futhi kwaba umeluleki omkhulu iNdlovukazi. Ngo-1774, it ukhishwa elisezingeni wempi Jikelele bese uLieutenant Colonel of the Life Guards. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayengumuntu Ilungu loMkhandlu State, kanye iphini likamengameli ebhodini, ukubhekana nezindaba lempi. Phakathi kwavukelwa Kwagqashuka, eholwa Emelyana Pugacheva Potemkin wathatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo enhlanganweni yokucindezeleka yayo.

Ngo 1775 wanikwa isihloko Ukubala futhi waklonyeliswa Order of St George ngesikhathi sesiphelo sesimiso uMbuso WaseTurkey Küçük Kainarji. Ngawo lowo nyaka wakwazi ukufeza ukuqedwa angumtfombo izibhelu e-Ukraine - Zaporozhye Sech.

Ngonyaka olandelayo, le-German uMbusi UJoseph II pha him isihloko iSikhulu njengombusi woMbuso Ongcwele WamaRoma, futhi uCatherine II umbusi-jikelele-Astrakhan, elingekude Azov Novorossiysk futhi izifundazwe. Ngakho, it is, eqinisweni, waba umbusi wawo wonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, amazwe eningizimu isiRashiya, evela oLwandle Olumnyama kanye iCaspian isiphetho. Nguye eyayiqondisa ukwakhiwa emadolobheni Ukraine ezifana Ekaterinoslav (laseDnepropetrovsk), kanye Kherson. Serene yakhe Highness Prince Potemkin futhi wayebe nesandla futhi ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Kuban.

Uhambo eCrimea

Ukuze udlulisele ngezinkonzo zakhe ukuze uMbuso Russian kungaba ngokungenamkhawulo eside. Kodwa ngifuna ukusho amazwi ambalwa ukuthi Prince Potemkin (Biography of the indoda - ubufakazi ngqo ukuthi ukuphila kwakhe ngokuphelele ezinikele isevisi njengezitha zezwe lokhokho), kungenzeka dedengu bargained ngoba. Ngakho bathi mlando eziningi, abahlola ngokucophelela zonke izincwadi eziphathelene okuthiwa Potemkin emizaneni. Iqiniso lokuthi e 1787 yena Grigoriy Aleksandrovich wahlela ukuba ngempela uhambo uCatherine II sika eside eCrimea ukuze ambonise amandla Russia kanye nethonya layo omkhulu esifundeni. Eqhubekela phambili uhambo, iNdlovukazi abamenyiwe ukuvakashela le nkosi Austrian UJoseph II Peninsula futhi osomaqhinga amaningana aseYurophu.

Lapho befika oLwandle Olumnyama, babona ukuthi esikhundleni emaqeleni kanye eliyincithakalo futhi ezingavamile Tatar nemizana uvele imigwaqo, emizaneni nasemadolobheni wakhula, ulwandle lwalungenhla lwemikhumbi commercial nezempi. Kwake kwathiwa iNdlovukazi washaywa izakhiwo inkohliso nemizana zokuhlobisa, okuyinto kusolakala ngaphambilini ukwenza ukukhanya Potemkin. By the way, isihloko wathola emva wadla eCrimea uMbuso Russian e 1783. Ngakho, lezi zakhiwo ungumkhohlisi abizwa "Potemkin nemizana".

Yinganekwane Noma iqiniso

Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, okokuqala igama elithi yavela ngemva kokufa prince iNdlovukazi, okungukuthi eminyakeni 1797-1800., Uma umagazini Hamburg "Minerva" amaningana inombolo biography yakhe eprintiwe Potemkin. Wawuthi ngowayeyiLungu Saxon ohlakaniphile Petersburg Georg Adolph von Helbig, esinye sezitha eyinhloko uCatherine II futhi UGrigory. Lapha zonke imisebenzi Prince waboniswa kuphela ohlangothini ezimbi.

Ngemva kwesikhashana, ekukhanyeni incwadi ngesibani Helbig, ehunyushelwe ezilimini eziningana, kuhlanganise Russian. Ngakho Prince Potemkin, ogama biography wajeziswa kanjani ngenxa usomaqhinga angaphandle, kudlalwa umkhohlisi eyakha mbumbulu "Potemkin nemizana". Ngokusobala, kuleli legend kungenzeka eyinkimbinkimbi Ziyathandelana izenzakalo sangempela eqanjiwe frank nokuhleba ke abaphuma phakathi imibuthano European zamanxusa nalabo abane- Russian.

Ukuphela Kwendlela

Prince Potemkin, ogama Biography ithi ukuphila elikhazimulayo ingxenye enkulu zihlotshaniswa imikhankaso zempi nakwezinye yohambo, e 1771, nokuba Silistra, wacosha okuthiwa ixhaphozi imfiva. Wayengenalo ukwazi alulame ngokugcwele, ngakho ukuhlaselwa siqhubeke uhlupho kuye ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa. Ngo-September 1791, yena waqala waba ukuxoxisana abameleli Turkish - kuqala Galati, sabe Iasi. Ngaleso sikhathi wayesefile kakade ugulela ukufa.

Emgwaqweni osuka Yass Prince wagula futhi wacelwa ukuba ayeke ukuthutha. Azama emoyeni, lapho ngokushesha yafa. Kuthiwa wabheka esibhakabhakeni ecacile baseMoldova wawela yena ngaphambi kokuba afe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-October 5, futhi izindaba sokufa bakhe beza uCatherine II izinombolo 12 kuphela. Ngokusho yayo uNobhala-A. V. Hrapovitskogo, iNdlovukazi bese assailed yi nezinyembezi emehlweni ayo. SoMkhulu wakhe washaqeka kwamehlela usizi ayebhekene nalo, ngoba Prince Potemkin futhi uCatherine II wayesondelene kakhulu: kwaba umeluleki hhayi kuphela wakhe nesithandwa sakhe, kodwa futhi umngane.