Umqondo futhi umlando noveli "Futhi epholile Flows Don"

Eliphawuleka kakhulu umsebenzi wokudala Mihaila Sholohova inoveli kubhekwe "Futhi epholile Flows Don". Kulesi umsebenzi, umbhali kwembulwe ngokugcwele ithalente lakhe etemibhalo wakwazi ukunikeza kweqiniso nehuha lezo zichaza ukuphila we Don Cossacks. Lo mbhalo, ehlanganisa izenzakalo yiminyaka emakhulu asithoba eside, uye unqobe izithiyo eziningi ngaphambi kokuba ishicilelwe. Njengoba-ke savela njengoba umlando ukudalwa noveli "Futhi epholile Flows Don"?

"Donschina"

Uma kusetshenzwa iqoqo "Don izindaba" Sholokhov kwadingeka umbono ukuchaza share eziyinkimbinkimbi Don Cossacks ngesikhathi 1917. Waqala kanjalo-ke umlando "Thulile Don" kule noveli. Incazelo emfushane umkhankaso Kornilov ku Petrograd nge Cossacks wabizwa ngokuthi "Donschina". Ukuqalisa kanye amashidi ambalwa lokubhala usebenza Sholokhov wazibuza ukuthi kuyoba incwadi abafundi. Umlobi wakhulela ipulazi Don, ngakho ezenzakalweni ezichazwe umbhalo wesandla, kwakuthandeka futhi icacile. Mihail Aleksandrovich ecabanga ngokudalwa umsebenzi, okuyinto uzobe kuchazwe hhayi kuphela inguqula-mbuso, kodwa futhi izenzakalo eziholela kulo. Sholokhov uhlola izizathu lapho Cossacks unqume iqhaza izenzakalo wamavukelambuso, futhi kudala izinhlamvu kabani bengazilawulela khona isigcino kuboniswe ngokucacile kakhulu ekuphileni Cossack kuleyo minyaka. Ngenxa yalokho, incwadi linikeza igama Sholokhov "epholile Flows Don" futhi uqala ukubhala inoveli.

ukuqoqwa izinto

Umlobi wayeya adlulisele umuntfu lofundzako loko lokushiwo izenzakalo yangempela leyo minyaka, ngakho umlando noveli amaqhawe "Futhi epholile Flows Don" Sholokhov saqala ukuvakashelwa archives eMoscow Rostov. Lapho, wafunda omagazini ubudala kanye namaphephandaba, ukufunda izincwadi ekhethekile yezempi namabhuku ku umlando Don Cossacks.

Ngosizo abangane kwadingeka ukufinyelela izincwadi emigre, Sholokhov waba nethuba azijwayeze ahlukahlukene ojenene amanothi Diaries lamaphoyisa, okuyinto Wachaza izenzakalo lempi. Lapho ekhetha indaba for ncwadi, umbhali Usebenzile umsebenzi omkhulu zomlando. Esikhathini inoveli, kusetshenziswa kakhulu ulwazi real imibhalo sempi: amapheshana, izincwadi, babesebenzisa ucingo olubhalwayo, izimiso kanye neziqondiso. Sholokhov futhi kunezelwa encwadini Umlando wakhe - umbhali wasebenza ukucela futhi wahileleka empini ne izigcwelegcwele. Ngakho, abaningi kwezahlakalo bekulindeleke ukuthi okuvelayo siqu umbhali.

Ukusebenza okokusebenza

Ukuze ujabulele ngokugcwele isimo Cossack ukuphila, umbhali wathutha ngo-1926 kuya Don futhi kukhona kakade zaqala umkhiqizo. Bazinze Veshenskaia, umbhali iwela imvelo bomdabu. Mikhail Sholokhov, owakhulela phakathi Cossacks, kuyinto kahle Psychology nabantu ababemzungezile, bazi indlela yabo yokuphila nasemithethweni yokuziphatha.

Ngo-1927, lapho ucala kutfutfukisa umlando ukudalwa noveli "Futhi epholile Flows Don", incazelo emfushane izenzakalo lapho umlobi unikeze ingqikithi 4 amavolumu. Kwathatha isikhathi esiningi ezilandelwayo isakhiwo usebenza njengoba umbhali kwadingeka ukuba ugcine engqondweni eziningi amaqiniso, imicimbi kanye nabantu. Esikhathini inoveli kuvele njengamadiski izinhlamvu ezintsha kanye emlandweni: Tchernetsov, obomvu, Kornilov. Encwadini yakhe ethi "epholile Flows Don" likhona abantu abangaphezu kuka-200 yayikhona ngempela, kanye nezinhlamvu ezintsha 150 wadala ngumlobi. Abanye abalingisi kudalulwe ngokuphelele kanye esiqintini inoveli, kuyilapho abanye nje avele ezinye izigcawu.

Igama inoveli

Ukuze abantu Russian eMfuleni Don sekuwuphawu ka isiphetho Cossacks nzima. Calm isibe indlela ukuphila okunokuthula kwabantu, futhi ngemva kwalokho - ushintsho kubangelwa inguquko. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, Cossacks babehilelekile ezolimo. Don ipulazi iyathinteka - kwakukhona inhlabathi evundile, ngakho imindeni esemgwaqweni lomfula.

Impilo ka-umlimi kukalwa futhi ifaniswe ukugeleza okusimeme emfuleni. Kodwa ukuba khona kwalo komkhuba ishintshile for labantu, kanye isihloko sencwadi usezuze incazelo ehlukile: akuyona ukugeleza kuthule Don, futhi umhlaba Donschiny, okuyinto bezilokhu eyayihlala Cossacks futhi akazange abone ukuthula esikhathini sokuphila kwami.

Umlando kule noveli "Futhi epholile Flows Don" lembula ukuthi isihloko sencwadi esetshenziswa inhlanganisela ziyangqubuzana amazwi, njengoba enovelini, Sholokhov emfuleni aluhlaza, kuso kukhona impi, ukuchithwa kwegazi, abantu bayafa. Kodwa ukugeleza yomusa Don ethule iphelile, kanye Don Cossacks kungukuthi kuphele. Futhi amasosha abuyele ekhaya, futhi uzoqhubeka uphila ezweni labo futhi zilima ke.

umkhiqizo ukwakheka

Umsebenzi "epholile Flows Don" - kungcono inoveli amaqhawe, njengoba encwadini ubonisa amaqiniso ayisisekelo the First World futhi kulwiwa, kanye nenamba enkulu izinhlamvu okuqondene amaqembu ahlukene kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe. Izenzakalo noveli zokugcina isikhathi omkhulu - iminyaka 9 ubudala, echaza izenzakalo kusukela ngo-1912 kuya ku-1921-th. Encwadini yakhe ethi zonke izenzo protagonist ezihlobana ezimpilweni zabantu kanye nemvelo. Umlando "epholile Flows Don" inoveli libonisa ngokucacile umehluko phakathi kokukhulekela Ukwakheka yencwadi: kuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uthando nokuthula ukuphila ezweni, futhi ngakolunye - unya kanye nemicimbi lempi.

Gregory Melekhov

Umqondo futhi umlando "Thulile Don" kule noveli ifake izinhlamvu umbhali abakuphila kwabo isici wazama ukuxhumana Don Cossacks. Ngo Grigorii Melehove kuhlanganiswe nezici zobuntu, futhi izici kazwelonke bakubo. Umlobi libonisa protagonist devotee yasekhaya, kodwa bakwazi esephula umthetho passion. UGregory izimpi ezahlukene, kodwa ngenxa yazo zonke neminyaka yempi, wayevame ngabe wistfully ukhumbule ezweni lenkaba yawo.

Sholokhov kudala yomdlali namandla amakhulu angaphakathi kanye ukuzethemba, futhi umnikeza ekuqaleni edlubulundayo. Izinto zashintsha yomlando ukuthi ushintshe ukuze evamile ye Don Cossacks, kwaqondana izinguquko empilweni yangasese Gregory. The hero ongayiqondi nge wayedinga ukuhlala nobani - ne abomvu noma amhlophe, futhi idabukile phakathi abesifazane ababili. Ekupheleni incwadi Gregory ibuyisela indodana yakhe ezweni lakubo ekhaya.

izinhlamvu Female enovelini

Umlando okudala "epholile Flows Don" inoveli ekutshela ukuthi ukuchaza Gregory Melehova kumbhali esetshenziswa isithombe ongumlimi abavamile Russian. Ukubhala umsebenzi nebalingisi labamcoka, Mikhail Sholokhov wacasulwa imibono yabo siqu mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani abesifazane Russian.

Lena unina Gregory - Ilinichna okuyinto kubonisa umqondo ubunye bonke abantu nomama, ikwazi ukubonisa uthando nesihawu ngisho abantu ubuhlungu.

unkosikazi Gregory - UNatalia, ogcina le umndeni, naphezu nakho okungokomoya ngenxa bengenaluthando umyeni wakhe.

Aksinya futhi ivelele ukoma yayo wenkhululeko uqeda uthando - akholelwa ukuthi ngokuphumelelayo nezinkinga zomshado ochithekile uyamthatha zonke basola ukwephulwa imithetho kanye enqabelo.

Sigxekwe ngokuthi umqondo womunye

Laba bobabili izincwadi zokuqala, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1928, naye waletha umbhali yimpumelelo enkulu. Wathumela izincwadi nomdlandla futhi izimemo ukusebenza, kodwa ngemva konyaka sengqondo zomphakathi ishintshile. Abantu angabaze nakancane ukuthi umlobi intsha nabangenakho okuhlangenwe nakho utlole umsebenzi amandla kangaka kwezobuciko ngokwakho. Ekuqaleni ngokubhala "I epholile Don", umlobi eseneminyaka engu-22, futhi yezimpumelelo yobuciko credit lakhe - kuphela iqoqo omunye tindzaba letimfisha. Iyehla iyenyuka zazibangelwa futhi iqiniso lokuthi izincwadi zokuqala ezimbili umbhali utlole eminyakeni 2.5 nje, futhi eqinisweni Sholokhov kubhekwa indoda abangafundile, ngoba kuphela iziqu grade 4.

Futhi-ke kuphakamisa ukungabaza mayelana owabhala umlando kule noveli "Futhi epholile Flows Don", sifinyeto okuyinto Kuthiwa watholakala esikhwameni eduze isiphathimandla mhlophe futhi ishicilelwe umsebenzi wakhe wokuba Sholokhov. Ukuze sibonise ubumsulwa yomlobi kwadingeka ukuqoqa umsebenzi okhethekile, futhi ulisebenzise ukuze aphikise nokunyundela. Ngenxa yalokho, laba abathathu uchwepheshe - graphology, ukuhlonza bese iqalisa - ubuqambi kwaqinisekiswa.

Le ncwadi kule noveli

Lezi zincwadi lokuqala nelesibili leyo micimbi yaba yimpumelelo enkulu abafundi, kodwa ukushicilelwa okwesithathu inkinga. Esahlukweni saso sokuqala yashicilelwa, kodwa-ke, lezi zinkinga sebeyekile. Isizathu kwaba ukuthi Sholokhov umbhali wokuqala ngokuningiliziwe futhi ngokugcwele echazwe izenzakalo kulwiwa. Umlando "epholile Flows Don" inoveli lisitshela ukuthi encwadini yesithathu sonke izahluko zancishiswa ngezinyanga ezingu-abahleli. Sholokhov wakhetha hhayi ukwenza izinguquko.

baxgeki Literary yafuna ukunamathela Gregory Melehova ukuba Bolshevism, kodwa abafundi bayokujabulela thatha kukhethwa iqhawe, njengoba lokhu kwaba isinqumo esifanele kuphela kuye. umbhalo Okugcwele umsebenzi ngaphandle izilungiso kanye nokwengezwa umhleli yanyatheliswa kuphela ngo-1980.

Umlando wokudala noveli amaqhawe "Futhi epholile Flows Don" Kwakungelula, kodwa, naphezu kobunzima, inoveli lithole udumo emhlabeni wonke futhi wathola uthando abafundi kusukela emazweni ahlukahlukene.