Kanjani ukuba babhale indaba? Izici uhlobo

Uhlobo kwezincwadi lelandzisako - mhlawumbe omunye okuvame kakhulu ezinsukwini yethu. Sonke babhala ama-eseyi esikoleni nokuchaza. Namuhla ngokuvamile abafundi nabafundi babuza ukuba babhale indaba. Kuyini akhicite imibhalo, lapho uqala ukuvela, iziphi yayo izici zayo? Ekugcineni, indlela ukuba babhale indaba? Yilokhu uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Ukuze uqonde kangcono isihloko, kubalulekile ukuba umsuka wezimfundiso uhlobo. Ngaphambi ubhale ngaso indaba, udinga nje kuphela ukuze balukhulume kahle imithetho yakhe ngaphambi kwemisebenzi yamandulo, kodwa futhi ukwazi ukuthi liwuhlukanise kusukela kweminye imikhiqizo. Futhi kwakufanele baqonde nendlela futhi lapho kwakubonakala sengathi izincwadi.

sici

Igama elithi "indzaba" lihunyushwa ngokuthi "umuzwa" noma "indaba emfushane". Leyo misebenzi tetinhlobo letehlukene tetemibhalo, ngokuvamile nomqulu omncane (Amakhasi 10 kuya ku-20), nakuba zikhona izibonelo lapho izingoma kanye nosayizi ifinyelela Amakhasi 50. Umbhali lembula okuqukethwe siqu, salo sengqondo sokungafuni zomuntu siqu ukuba isihloko wathinta phezu kuzo lapho elandisa.

Indzaba - zemibhalo nephrozi imibhalo. Libhekene njengoba eduze lulwimi lolukhulunywako, egcizelela isikhundla umbhali, okwamehlela ukucabanga okungase ngokuphelele ezahlukene kusukela ukuqonda ezivamile yenkinga. Mhlawumbe akukho omunye umkhiqizo ukulandisa akahlukile nakuba ngakho. Nokho, kuyinto indaba emangalisayo ehlukanisa ubuqotho umcabango lombhali, okuyinto kunzima ukulondoloza elisetshenziswe ngayo emiBhalweni voluminous more.

Indaba

'UnguYise' kulo mkhuba bakholwe waseFrance M. Montaigne. Esikhathini yasekhaya izincwadi imisebenzi, ukuhlangabezana kwencazelo "indzaba", kungatholakala enye ephakathi kwemisebenzi Dostoevsky. Abanye ochwepheshe bangase baphikise ngokuthi imisebenzi yokuqala lolu hlobo kungabuye atholakala eBhayibhelini kanye nemisebenzi agumenti nozwela Aurelius, kodwa uhlobo yakheke ngokuphelele yayisibonakala ekhulwini XVI. umsebenzi Montaigne sika kungenziwa ngokuthi yisibonelo esikhazimulayo noma imiyalelo kanjani ukubhala kahle indzaba. Ezinkondlweni zakhe, lo engumFulentshi abanamakhono lolungenamaphutsa olwenziwa "ucwaningo" yabo, ngawo ubezama baziqonde bona ngokwabo kule ezweni futhi izwe libalalela wonkana ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu zengqondo yabo futhi nolwazi. Montaigne kubonisa ukuthi elikhanyayo kungaba lelandzisako. Yena baphambukile kalula kusukela main lelandzisako umugqa, ngokucebile isebenzisa izingathekiso izinhlangano elenza imisebenzi yakhe iningi elikhulu futhi okulula abakhileyo isebenza.

Ekupheleni kwe-XVI ekhulwini lokubhala Tindzaba wathumba eyiNgisi esiyiNgisi uFrancis Bacon. Imisebenzi yakhe athé ukwehluka okudaliwe Montaigne sika. Ukulandisa ubelokhu kancane isikhathi eside, zihlukaniswa ecacile, nokucija kanye kugcila ekufundziseni linye iphuzu eliyinhloko. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVII, Milton emisebenzini yakhe babe sebebona kukuhle izikhalazo ezimkhanukelayo, ebekumele kukwenze umfundi isifiso ukushintsha oda ekhona, waqala imizamo okusheshayo kabusha. Izindatshana zakhe babeyithanda kakhulu abathwali imibono kuka lelandzisako ngokomzwelo ngesihloko lesitsite. okuqukethwe ijule kakhulu babe imisebenzi Dalton. Ayesibekela imibono yabo ethize ezibeka ulimi sina. Kwaba Dalton sika okubhekwa 'umzali' ka Tindzaba esibucayi.

Njengoba sekuzoqala umbono XVII leminyaka kanjani ukuba babhale indaba, kushintshile. le misebenzi Kuba esingaphansi emifushane futhi ezinzima. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho kukhona uhlobo ezifana avele ngezikhathi indzaba. abalobi bawo bakholelwa Addison eyiNgisi owayejwayele ibekwe izingcezu ezincane ephephandabeni. Eqinisweni, babengabokuqala prototype wohlu iphephandaba. Ukuthuthukiswa yokunyathelisa kanye nokwenyuka kwenani nakomagazini Tindzaba waphenduka kwelinye izinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu.

umsebenzi Modern lokhu isiqondiso etemibhalo ezahlukene ngendlela isimo kanye lelandzisako kungenzeka zefilosofi, ngokujulile noma ukukhanya ezihlekisayo, ukuzikhohlisa efana ebhaliwe "scribbler-neumehoj".

Imisebenzi nesakhiwo

Namuhla, baba baningana izimfuneko ukuqinisekisa indlela efanele ukuba babhale indaba. Omunye ezinkulu - isakhiwo umkhiqizo. Kufanele aqukethe izingxenye ezifana ikhava ishidi, isingeniso, the main okuyingxenye nesiphetfo. Njengoba ubona, okuqukethwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho okungase ethulwa kunoma lelandzisako. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wakhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwale agumenti ahlukahlukene, ukubaluleka izahlulelo, ukusetshenziswa kabanzi izingathekiso allegories. indzaba umsebenzi - ukuze kusizwe umfundi ukuze ufunde mayelana baqine bamelane umbhali, ukuze baqonde logic of lezo zizathu zakhe, ukuhlola ingcebo yolwazi siqu umbhali.