Umsebenzi zokulawula isimo, umthetho nenkolo yaseMesophothamiya. kwamazinga zokulawula

Kunemithetho eziningi ezahlukene yokuziphatha kuyo yonke imiphakathi - the nabalawuli of ubudlelwano phakathi kwamalungu. Ngisho kusaqalwa lokuthuthukiswa kwabantu, okungukuthi, emphakathini bakudala, nokuxhumana womuntu kubuswa mononorm uhlelo. Lezi zilimi zazihlanganisa nemicikilisho ehlukahlukene, izinganekwane, amasiko, anamahlazo, izithembiso nokunye. D. Kuyinto ngosizo lwabo emphakathini kwenziwe okubizwa ngokuthi umsebenzi zokulawula. With ukuthuthukiswa umusa esikhundleni mononormam weza Izilawuli eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, lokho zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko, okuyilezi:

• nomphakathi;
• yobunjiniyela;
• yemvelo.

By the way, eyesithathu, kungokwemvelo, abelwe kuphela izincwadi zomthetho. Kulesi sihloko mina ngizoya kuphela mayelana nabalawuli nomphakathi, ie imithetho lula futhi lula ngokuziphatha bonke abanye abantu emphakathini ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kwabo. Kungase kube zomthetho, zokuziphatha, kwamasiko, kwamazinga zokulawula. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo, bheka kamuva kulesi sihloko.

isiqondiso nomphakathi

Emphakathini, ukuziphatha kwabantu maqondana nomunye ngenxa ithonya elithile phezu ingxenye umphakathi. Lena isiqondiso nomphakathi. It kungenziwa ihlukaniswe esiyimbangela futhi normative, nowayenguNgqongqoshe asithinti nje emphakathini wonke, njengoba kule isiqondiso, futhi umuntu othize noma iqembu.

Kanjani isiqondiso nomphakathi? Ukuze wenze lokhu, izindlela ezikhethekile, kuye kwasungulwa emphakathini. Bangabaholi kwamazinga zokulawula. Lezi zihlanganisa, okokuqala, ilungelo osebenza. Lolu hlelo kuphoqelekile bonke abanye abantu emphakathini imithetho ngokusemthethweni ezithile zokuziphatha. Olunye uhlobo kwezinkambiso zokulawula kuyinto isiko, kuba le mithetho yokuziphatha, okuyinto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi zisekelwe nakho kokuphila iqembu kunalokho amakhulu wabantu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yenziwa ngaphandle ifomu yokuphoqelela abantu esenzweni esithile, okungukuthi, noma ngokuzithandela noma amandla esejwayezi ayenza. Uhlobo elilandelayo imithetho kuyinto zokuziphatha. Lokhu iqoqo imithetho yokuziphatha esekelwe umqondo lokuhle nokubi, okuhle nokubi, kokulungile nokungalungile, nokunye. D. Zikhona e ukwazi somphakathi elisekelwa umbono womphakathi, okungukuthi, izinyathelo uzolahlwa yomphakathi.

Ukuziphatha siqu (ngokuqiniseka engaphakathi ngabanye) kanye nomphakathi - yamukelwa amalungu iningi umphakathi. Umsebenzi zokulawula nayo eyenziwa kwezinkambiso zenkolo. Lawa imithetho yokuziphatha ukuthi zisekelwe ukukholelwa emandleni angaphezu kwawemvelo. Basuke wasekela ithemba ukuphila okujabulisayo, noma sijeziso, isijeziso ngesikhathi esizayo.

kwaba kanjani umsebenzi zokulawula emhlabeni bakudala?

Iziphonso, izinganekwane, amasiko, anamahlazo, amasiko, nokwenza izifungo zomshado kwezomshado, njll - .. Zonke izinhlobo isiphetho zokulawula ukuziphatha abantu basendulo. Ngokusebenzisa izinganekwane kanye izinganekwane bona badlulisele ulwazi mayelana nokuziphatha okudingekayo noma sinqatshiwe. Lena indaba okuhle nokubi, futhi ngokuvamile indlela yokuziphatha kubonakala feat futhi kuncike ukulandela.

Customs - okungukuthi, ulwazi mayelana dlule zukulwane yokuphila yemfundo futhi sidlulile kusukela ngaphezulu ukuze abasebasha. Njengoba for amasiko lesi senzo, sithwele ukufanekisa ngezimpawu kanye namanye ngokuzithandela, ngenxa yomkhuba, owenziwa abantu ngendlela ethile.

Yini eyanika abantu ukuvela uthi?

Ukuqala umlando impucuko womuntu ubhekwa kumiswa eyinhloko imiphakathi abantu enhlanganweni yabo wakhumbuza Inhlangano for Animal (umhlambi, izimbuzi nezinkomo, kanye nokunye. D.). With ukuvela lithi kuqala izimpilo zabantu kuye kwaba nezinguquko eziphawulekayo: umsebenzi zokulawula isimo netindlela yayo ngezindlela eziningi ezihlukile kulezo ezazikhona umphakathi lasekuqaleni. Yiqiniso, waqhubeka aqukethe nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana ekhona, kodwa injongo yayo eyinhloko kwakungekhona kokulawula kwazo, kodwa futhi olunzulu ukuthuthukiswa.

Eyenziwa umsebenzi isimo zokulawula kuhlanganise nemisebenzi yomphakathi, kwezomnotho, ezamasiko kanye inter-state. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuhloswe kokubili inhlangano ukukhiqizwa yezenhlalakahle (emnothweni), kanye ukudala izimo ezidingekile ukusungulwa kanye nentuthuko egcwele yomuntu emphakathini, kanye ukuvela ekuxhumaneni inter-state.

Umcabango isimo isiqondiso izindlela

Ngaphezu kwalokho kulesi sihloko sizogxila kwezinkambiso zomthetho, zokuziphatha, kwamasiko nenkolo, futhi ngosizo okuyinto eyenziwa umsebenzi zokulawula emphakathini. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo has imininingwane yayo siqu. Okokuqala Ngifuna ukumambula okushiwo settlement zomthetho. Ngaphansi kwalo umqondo udinga ukuqonda umthelela, okuhloswe ngaso zobudlelwano nomphakathi futhi has inhloso kusakaza esebenzisa eqondiwe njengokulanda umthetho zokulawula. Bona ukuchaza nezibopho zomthetho futhi subjective namalungelo yezihloko izimo wezenzo zazo ukubukeka. Ngayinye yalezi amazinga buthinta ingqondo futhi ngentando yomuntu, futhi ngosizo lwabo ukulawula ngokuziphatha kwayo. Kafushane, umsebenzi zokulawula wenziwa okuvame esifanele zonke imithetho. Eza amafomu eziningana:

• Isibopho, okungukuthi, lezo ezidinga izakhamuzi ukwenza izenzo ezithile ezinhle.
• Prohibitory, lawa mazinga ukuthi ukhombise inadmissibility ka dekstvy ezithile.
• Ugunyaza. Bona kuvikelwe for Human Rights lokufeza izenzo ezithile, okuyinto ukuchaza ekuphatheni kwalo.

Nokho, ngamunye amazinga kukwazi ukwakhiwa kunoma yiziphi lezi izimfanelo ezintathu. Futhi incike esimweni esithile. Abanye umthetho zokulawula komthetho sihlanganise izindawo eziningana lezi zimfanelo. Ngokwesibonelo, icala lobugebengu kungenziwa kubhekwe njengendlela okumelwe bakwenze futhi njengoba ilungelo lomuntu ayenza uphenyo. Into esemqoka - ukuze uhlaziye nemibandela isenzo esithile ngendlela efanele.

Ukubalwa kokuqala kwenziwa izinhlobo ezimbili kwamazinga zokulawula zomthetho, okungukuthi, esenqabela noyisibopho, ziphoqelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona non-derogable. Kodwa imithetho Okwesithathu Uhlobo, ugunyaza, ezimweni eziningi, kukhona dispositive, bese uvumele uhambisane ukuziphatha lomamukeli umlingani kuyinsakavukela. By the way, ngezizathu ezifanayo bungabonakala, nezinye izinhlobo kwezinkambiso zomthetho, okungukuthi ozikhethela kanye nokuncoma.

Kukhona futhi isimo, ucabangela kumamukeli ngokuya nge esimweni esithile, futhi okunye, ukuhlinzeka ithuba lokukhetha kusuka ongakhetha eziningana, evezwe isenzo normative. Umsebenzi zokulawula komthetho nayo eyenziwa esebenzisa isisusa kwezinkambiso. sici lawo eliyinhloko ukuthi abe nomthelela omuhle ukuziphatha kwabantu ngemihlomulo, unswinyo. Kafushane, ngokuphambene nombono kwabaningi, umthetho angeke nje kube isiswebhu, kodwa futhi isanqante.

isiphetho zomthetho esiteji

Njenganoma iyiphi uhlelo, ukulawulwa zomthetho sehlukaniswe tincenye nezinyathelo. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama nokuqaphela isidingo ukusungula umthetho, kulandele inqubo yokudala lezi zilinganiso, esigabeni sesithathu - ukuvela amalungelo nemisebenzi e izifundo ezithile, futhi wale mithandazo - yini isenzo esingafani kwamalungelo subjective nezibopho zomthetho. Ngokuqondene izakhi, bona zivumelana izinyathelo ezingenhla futhi yilezi:

• umthetho;
• okuqukethwe imithetho yokuziphatha;
• esungula nokuziphendulela izinyathelo (lomthetho) ngokwephula umthetho imithetho ethile;
• Ubuhlobo (ezivukayo ngesisekelo umthetho ekhona futhi isenzo real);
• Izenzo okuqanjwe yemfanelo engokomthetho kanye namalungelo.

Ziyasebenza Yini Izindinganiso Zokuziphatha kanye umsebenzi wayo zokulawula

A indima enkulu kuleli ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano ukwazi ngabanye kanye nomphakathi ufeza umsebenzi ezemfundo, okuyinto eyenziwa esebenzisa izindinganiso zokuziphatha. Lapho umuntu eba isipiliyoni zokuziphatha, by izindlela imfundo nokukholisa izimfanelo zokuziphatha akhiwa ingqondo yakhe, imizwa, imikhuba, ikhono ukuzithiba nokuzihlonipha, ngokuba nezingxabano imfundo, kukhona Yebo, usebenza umsebenzi zokulawula zokuziphatha. It Kwenziwa imithetho ekhona yezenhlalakahle yokuziphatha, ukuxhumana njalo njalo. D. By endleleni, lona wamuva ingenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuziphatha isiqondiso izindlela.

Ukuxhumana wenza umsebenzi ofuna ukuxhumana nathi, okuyinto uphawu zokuziphatha uhlelo futhi ukudluliswa kolwazi iphutha ngenxa ngaleso izigaba zokuqala nokuthuthuka komuntu. Kafushane, umsebenzi zokulawula zokuziphatha ngokuyinhloko eyenziwa yekuchumana. Siyabonga kuye, phakathi kwamalungu umphakathi ngempela ubuhlobo babantu akhiwa. Ukuxhumana edingekayo kubantu, hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa ukudluliswa elilodwa noma kwenye kolwazi ewusizo, kodwa futhi ukuze uthole eziningi imizwelo eyakhayo, siyakujabulela kakhulu lokhu zokuxhumana. Uma abantu befuna imithetho zokuxhumana, ikuvumela ukuba wenze ukukhulumisana okumnandi kakhudlwana futhi ngenhlonipho.

Izinhlobo nemisebenzi yokuxhumana

Le ndoda - ukuba abe yisidalwa sobudlelwane. Uhlala nemibandela ukuxhumana nabantu. Ngaphandle ukuxhumana Ukuxhumana Social akunakwenzeka. Kuyinto oluthile ezithile ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu kanye nencazelo yabo yokuxhumana nomphakathi ukudluliswa zokuphila kwabantu futhi izinhlobo isiko kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane idluliselwe kwesinye. Ingane iqala ukukhuluma, bese kuba ubuntu bayazi kuphela inqubo yokuxhumana ne amadala, abantu abanolwazi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ngeke kwenzeke kumiswa psyche womuntu futhi ukwazi. Ngokuqinisekile wonke umuntu uyakhumbula umlingisi sencwadi ka Mowgli Kipling sika, ngubani, ukuba iphakethe impisi, uhlala ezingeni izilwane.

Yiziphi izinhlobo nemisebenzi bezokuxhumana khona? Okokuqala, kungenxa ohlangothini ofuna ukuxhumana nathi, okuyinto exchange kolwazi phakathi kwabantu; okwesibili, kuba party exhumana Likhuthaza ukusebenzisana nenhlangano kokusebenzisana ekuchumana; Okwesithathu, kuba ohlangothini okuqonda, esiza abalingani nokuzakhela ubuhlobo ukwethenjwa ukuze iqondwe nomunye. Futhi ngokufunda zokuxhumana senzeka.

izenzo Wokulawula jikelele zemfundo

Eyavela ubuntu ingane, ukwazi ukuhlanganyela obuhle ekuchumana uxhumana imvelo, + ngoba ngingummeleli ovela usewusana ngifunde ukuba lomphakathi. Ulwazi lokuqala wayekade Yiqiniso, uthola emkhayeni, bese ingena iqembu yezingane (enkulisa, esikoleni) lapho ACU zokulawula (izenzo jikelele zemfundo) esebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho kulesi sihloko sizozama ukumambula essence zabo baqonde ngabantu abamelelwa yizo.

Leli gama ngomqondo obanzi libhekisela ikhono lokufunda self-ukuthuthukiswa, ngokuhlakulela bayazi ukwabela nelwati lolusha nakho komphakathi. Kodwa ngomqondo ewumngcingo yengxenye ECU - iqoqo amakhono nezindlela esebenza umfundi ukumsiza ngokuzimela ukuthola ulwazi olusha, ukuze amakhono ezingajwayelekile nangokucikoza ukuhlela inqubo. Ngamafuphi, ACU zokulawula ukunikeza ukulungisa nekulawulwa umsebenzi kwezemfundo. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• goal setting;
• ukuhlela;
• ukubikezela;
• ukulungiswa;
• nokuhlola;
• autoregulation et al.

isenzo esisemthethweni - lawa ulwazi kanye namakhono abafundi kudingeka ufunde yonke indlela kuze kube sekupheleni esikoleni.

Inkolo kanye Ukuziphatha

Kule ngxenye, sizoqhubeka ngesethulo izindlela isiqondiso nomphakathi. Lesi sikhathi sizogxila inkolo kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yayo zokulawula. Okokuqala, cabanga ukuthi ngokwesayensi lo mqondo sitolikwa. Inkolo - kuba somphakathi, okuyinto zisendaweni ebalulekile emphakathini futhi oyiyo. Kusebenza njengomnyombo thile kwezenhlalo futhi uzwakalisa imibono ethile, ngo-elawula ubudlelwane emphakathini nomunye. Lezi imibono ezikhona njengoba uhlelo lwamaphethini ehlukile yokuziphatha kanye nezinkambiso ezingavela ngesimo imiyalo kaNkulunkulu. Ngelilodwa nje, ethembekile, elandela iziyalezo zikaNkulunkulu, wokudeda ikhomishana amacala athile futhi ubugebengu, ngoba eliqhutshwa ngokwesaba lokho kujeziswa okuseduze, kanye inkolelo yokuthi i-zonke izenzo zabo uqaphe "Ilihlo".

Umsebenzi zokulawula wenkolo kusekelwe imithetho ekhethekile yokuziphatha yomphakathi, ezithinta ngisho sphere obuseduze kakhulu ukuphila komuntu, ezinjengokudla ocansini.

Isiko, njengoba omunye izindlela wesi nomphakathi

Culture - lena eyenza indoda ezilwaneni. Ngokungafani kwabafowabo, abantu abagcini nje zizivumelanisa nendawo eziphila kuyo, kodwa ngenjongo ukuyiguqula. Ngenxa yalokho yalezi zinguquko kunemibono ehlukahlukene, izimpawu kanye namanani - okubizwa ngokuthi izwe yokufakelwa ukuthi uyaphikisana ezweni engokwemvelo, okungukuthi imvelo. Lamagugu zize zidlulele ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane kuphela ngenqubo ngendlela akhuliswa nemfundo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isiko, like umthetho futhi kuhlanzekile ngokokuziphatha, nakho kufeza indima ebalulekile ukulawulwa nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana.

Umsebenzi lelawula isiko ukwakha amaphethini ukuziphatha ngokusebenzisa nemiphumela emihle, amasiko kanye namagugu, futhi amaphethini ukuziphatha. Kafushane, isiko udonsa emhlabeni umuntu futhi nasemphakathini wonkana, uhlaka lapho abantu kufanele isebenze. Ngokusebenzisa isiko zibuswa ubudlelwano phakathi kwamalungu omkhaya, ehlangana nomphakathi wesikolo, phakathi izisebenzi zale nkampani nokunye. D.

isiphetho

Kulesi sihloko thina poporobovat zembula nencazelo yalokho umsebenzi zokulawula isimo. Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, lokhu kuyinto umsebenzi ukuthi kuhloswe ukuthuthukiswa ubudlelwane kwezomnotho, zomthetho kanye zomphakathi wanamuhla.