Umthetho kuphikisa ka kuphikisa: okushiwo umqondo nezibonelo

Kuphikisa ubuhlakani ibizwa ngokuthi isenzo okuchitha isitatimende ukuthi ayifani ngokoqobo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lo isenzo senzeka mqondo entsha. Ukuphika umthetho kafushane okuvela kuyo into entsha, Ihoxisa, bese ubuyisela ubudala. Lapho beqala ukusebenzisa leli lungiselelo? Uyini umthetho kuphikisa ka kuphikisa? Izibonelo futhi incazelo uzonikezwa kamuva ephepheni.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Uma ubona into entsha ikhanseliwe ubudala. Ngakho, it is bephika semthethweni khona wangaphambilini Eqinisweni entsha. Ubani owaba owokuqala ukusebenzisa leli gama? Ngokokuqala ngqá mthetho ibilokhu isetshenziswa Hegel. Ngalo sazi wachaza ukuthuthukiswa cyclical engokoqobo. Njengoba empeleni kuyinto umsebenzi kakhulu we-Idea Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke, futhi ngenxa yalokho - kanye Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke Ingqondo:

• Okokuqala, uma umqondo kwezinhlelo yini, khona-ke kunengqondo. Ngenxa yalokho, imisebenzi inikeza at umthombo yayo Isizathu.
• Umqondo, okwesibili, akuyona impahla. Lokho kusho ukuthi noma isiphi isenzo esihlobene ingqondo akuyona kuphela umthombo, kodwa futhi ngokwesimo sawo kakhulu iyonke.

Ubunjalo umsebenzi wanoma yimuphi of the Mind

Ukubulawa anything phi Ingqondo, Absolute, kuhlanganise, kuyinto abamukeli ngokugcwele (yokukhansela unomphela) zikhona isimo ngasinye ilandelwa isimo. New abasafufusa njengoba ovuthiwe ukuphikisana yangaphakathi. sibonakalise umthetho ekuphikeni kanjani? Ingqikithi kuwukuphikisana yangaphakathi, yokuvuthwa engqondweni echithiwe isimo samanje ukuthi lesi simo sibangelwa ukuqedwa izincazelo, imiqondo noma imibono eziye nje okuphakanyiswe futhi yavunyelwa. Manje, kufanele ziwushiye ngenxa siqu yangaphakathi ukucabanga ukuhamba kwayo. Lesi simo - ukuvela umqondo kwangaphakathi ngokuhlambalaza yena - ekuphikeni yakhe yokuqala. Ngakho, kukhona ukubonakaliswa yokuqala into entsha. Okuphambili e Umqondo ukungqubuzana - into kodwa renunciation kwangaphakathi okuqukethwe ubudala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke kwembula ukuthi kudingeka ezinye umsebenzi umcabango. Lo msebenzi kufanele kugxile ukuqonda nokubhekana isimo.

Imisetjenzana iragela phambili of the Mind

Ngenhla, iyisibonelo ukubonakaliswa yokuqala abamukeli. Le nqubo okwengeziwe ukhuthaza futhi odlulela ukuxazulula zonke lokho kubonakala. ukucabanga umsebenzi wenziwa sasivumela asebenzayo ukuze kususwe eziphikisanayo yavela. Ukuxazulula lesi simo, it has ukukhiqiza Isizathu entsha okuqukethwe, okwakuyoholela waqeda ubudala - okwakubekelwa yashubisa kuwukuziphikisa. Uma isimo isixazululiwe ngesinye kuyoqedwa, kuyoba okuqukethwe okusha kanye nesimo somqondo. Ngakho, umsebenzi umthetho kuphikisa double - ukuqedwa lokunqaba okokuqala. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba khona okubi kakhulu eziphikisanayo yangaphakathi. Kule kusobala ukuthi kuphikisa yokuqala ukuthola kuwukuziphikisa. Kulokhu, kwesibili - imvume yakhe. Kuchazwa nomqondo kuphika, umthetho ekuphikeni kuyoba inqubo ukwakha isimo esisha Ingqondo. Kuzobakhuthaza libhekene exacerbations eziphikisanayo yangaphakathi futhi isinqumo sabo futhi kumiswa okuqukethwe okusha kusukela Ingqondo.

Ingqikithi izinqubo ezenzeka esikhathini Ingqondo

umthetho Dialectical ka kuphikisa ka kuphikisa eveza ukwenyuka kancane yinkimbinkimbi Ingqondo esimweni saso ikhomishana ukuphokophela phambili. Isinyathelo-by-step becabanga ngale ndlela kusuka kulokulula kufika kulokulukhuni. umthetho Hegel sika kuphikisa ka kuphikisa kuyinto ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Idea Absolute. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuqhubeka emhlabeni ngempela siqu, kwangaphakathi self-motion, self-ekupheleleni kwakho Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke Ingqondo. Kule nqubo, eyindilinga, okungukuthi, kukhona uhlobo olufanayo izigaba.

Izigaba yentuthuko engokoqobo

1. Mqondo. Lesi sinyathelo Ukwakheka, presupposing eyenzekayo njengamanje ezithile, wokutholwa njengamadodana yokuqala yalo.
2. Bokungafani. Lesi sigaba kuyinqubo sokumelana Datum yokuqala ngokwalo efanayo. Wakhe kutihluphekisa esiboniswe uhlobo ezikhulayo ngaphakathi kuye njengoba impikiswano, okudinga ukuqedwa isimo samanje futhi hambisa indlela entsha - ukuze isixazululo yayo.
3. Synthesis. Lesi sinyathelo iqukethe ekususweni, nokuqedwa yangaphakathi ukungqubuzana umthombo. Okungukuthi, uyaphika nokunqatshelwa Datum lokuqala ngenxa ekwakhekeni isimo esisha.

isimo obunobunye

Uma ucabangela umthetho kuphikisa ka kuphika, singabona ukuthi kwakhiwa isimo esisha kusukela Givens elidala. Kuyaqapheleka unqobe lo nokungezwani ka okwakubonakala ekhona ngaphakathi. Ngokuqondene nalokhu isimo esisha njalo liyavumelana okungaphezu kwalokho lapho kunqatshelwe. Uma sikhuluma engqondweni, ukuvumelana kulokhu siyofezwa ngezinga elikhulu kule ukusondela ukuba iqiniso, futhi uma sikhuluma izinqubo zemvelo - kule indlela eya umgomo ukuthi ubeka Idea Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke ngokugcwalisa ukuthuthukiswa emhlabeni.

ukuthuthukiswa

Ngokusho Hegel, umthetho yentuthuko ayikwazi kuchazwe njengendlela ukulandelana zithi ngokoqobo, okuyinto kwandisa yemigqa up. Le nqubo non-stop ngenxa ukwakheka okuqhubekayo eziphikisanayo. Ngakho-ke dialectic zamagama isinyathelo ukuqhutshwa esinyathelweni sokuqala mqondo. Ngakho-ke bonke iqala kusukela ekuqaleni. Ngakho, umthetho kuphikisa ka kuphikisa empeleni kuyinto ukubuya ukuba ngokoqobo yoqobo yayo, ngisho has nakakhulu izinga entsha futhi ephelele. Ngokuqondene nalokhu ukuthuthukiswa okwenzeka Kuvunguza. It bafeza ukubuya unomphela esimweni sokuqala emva negative double. Kulesi isimo sokuqala bayobe sebekhona kakade ezingeni eliphakeme yentuthuko. indlela Progressive - isiqondiso aphakeme kusukela aphansi - enikeziwe eyinkimbinkimbi okukhulu, ukuvumelana okuqukethwe isigaba esisha ngasinye. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi ngokwako kuphikisa ka (Hegel) inencasa yayo, hhayi elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo. Ngakho-ke yini umehluko? Okokuqala, e kuphikisa elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo yinqubo ukulahla futhi ephelele, ukususwa yokugcina wangaphambili. Ukuphikisana kubonakala ukubukeka exchange entsha ngokuthi kufakwe elidala lesibili. kuphikisa Dialectical kuyinto ukwedlulela wangaphambili kuya emvula ezintsha konke okuhle okwakusendlini yasekuqaleni.

umthetho Ukuphika ifilosofi - ezihambayo okungcono

Phakathi kwakhiwa njalo uyanda Kuvunguza, kuhlanganise lapho ngokoqobo njalo ezitholakele kuwukuziphikisa. Lona-ke ophika ukuthi ngokwayo bese ephika uqobo uyaphika imvume umehluko itholiwe. Ngakho ngaso ngamunye step ngokoqobo buya eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okuqukethwe ezithuthukayo. Ngokwe ukuqonda jikelele ukuqhutshwa Imininingwane kusukela lokuthi yangaphambili lingabulewe entsha ngokuphelele, kanye, ukugcina konke okuhle, ukuthi kwakukhona, kabusha kwakhono lika-ke, siphakamisa ukuba ephakeme ezingeni elisha. Ngamanye amazwi, umthetho kuphikisa ka kuphikisa kudinga njalo isikhathi ngasinye ezahlukene emisha ezithuthukayo. Lokhu kunquma imvelo okuqhubekayo ngokoqobo asathuthuka.

Imiphumela

Mayelana nencazelo eyisisekelo yegama umthetho kuphikisa ka kuphikisa ungaboniswa amalungiselelo eziningana:

1. Noma kuphikisana lokuqala itholwa kuphikisa kuqala, bese bavunyelwe yesibili.
2. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi inqubo ukubhujiswa ubudala futhi ukwamukelwa entsha.
3. Lapho ukuthuthukiswa entsha akagcini, njengoba kukhona amasha zonke akusho izohlala simisiwe kuze kube phakade. Kwakheka kuwukuziphikisa entsha, kukhona uyaphika entsha.
4. Ukuthuthukiswa selivela inqwaba izingxabano ezalandela ziqhubeka, njengenhlangano esikhundleni okuqhubekayo obungapheli, zokunqoba phezulu ephansi, elidala entsha.
5. Ngenxa yokuthi, ngokuphika ubudala, esisha kulondoloza hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ithuthukisa izici zalo ezinhle, ukuthuthukiswa lonke iba ezithuthukayo.
6. Inqubo kuvela Kuvunguza, ukuhlinzeka ukuphindaphindwa ngezici ezithile futhi ezinhlangothini izigaba aphansi e zabo ephakeme entsha.

isiphetho

Ukuphika umthetho, obhekisela ukukhulelwa omuhle njengalona ukuthuthukiswa emhlabeni, zamanje zefilosofi sisetshenziswa ekwakhekeni ukukhulelwa izinto. Ngokusho Marx no Engels, Umshicilelo ukuphikisana liyisici esibalulekile ukuqhubeka sokungokoqobo impahla kakhulu. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, ukwakheka crustal badabula eziningana nezikhathi umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu. Inkathi ngayinye okwalandela waqala ngesisekelo esidlule. Lokho, kulesi simo, amasha ubudala kunqatshelwe. Ngalinye uhlobo olusha izilwane noma izitshalo emhlabeni organic kuphakama kusukela esikhathini esidlule futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ke kuphambene (yokukhansela). Ngo emlandweni wesintu zingenza ukuthola izibonelo umthetho. Ngokwesibonelo, esikhundleni umphakathi bakudala kwafika isigqila,-ke, ngesikhathi, esikhundleni amakhosi asendulo, esekelwe kamuva kwavela, capitalism kanye nokunye. Kuphikisa ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa ulwazi, isayensi njengoba theory entsha ngamunye ukwesulwa ubudala. Nokho, nalokhu ubudlelwano obusha igcinwa futhi lowo odlule, ukulondoloza best of the elidala ku entsha. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuphambene eziphilayo ephakeme aphansi ngesisekelo esadaleka nokho lalilokhu esingokwemvelo aphansi isakhiwo yeselula. Ngokuvamile, singasho ukuthi umthetho ekuphikeni e dialectics izinto zithathwa njengeziNdawo ezingamaGugu umthetho ngawo kukhulisa ukucabanga, umphakathi, nemvelo, kunqunywa izici yangaphakathi sendaba.