Steel agesi: ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa

Ukukhiqizwa lolu hlobo steel unendima ehamba phambili phakathi kwezinye izinto kazibuthe. steel wegezi - i ingxubevange yensimbi ne-silicon nge Ingxenye kusuka 0.5% 5%. bebaningi abantu lolu hlobo imikhiqizo zingachazwa ngezinqubo high izakhiwo kagesi kanye lokukhanda. Manufactured ngensimbi enjalo izingxenye ezivamile, lapho kungekho kusilela. Lokhu kuchaza izindleko zalo ongaphakeme.

Umthelela Silicon

Le ngxenye ngokuhlanganyela yensimbi ukwakha isixazululo aminyene resistivity okusezingeni eliphezulu, ukubaluleka zazo kuncike iphesenti Silicon e ingxubevange. Ngaphansi kwethonya ku yensimbi okumsulwa, leyo ndawo ilahlekelwa impahla yayo kazibuthe. Kodwa lapho zihlatshwa ekolishi, kunalokho, nomthelela omuhle. I permeability sensimbi luyanda nokwenziwa ngcono kwe-ukuzinza metal. Umphumela ozuzisayo Silicon (Si) kungenzeka wachaza kanje. Ngaphansi kwethonya lesi sici engena graphite carbon isimo ukwedlulela cementite esesikhundleni aphansi izakhiwo kazibuthe. I element Si has nomthelela omubi zokunciphisa lokungeniswa. Ithonya lawo kwelula kuya conductivity ezishisayo kanye ukuminyana yensimbi.

Amanyela emkhandweni Ukwakheka

Esikhathini Uhlaka lwensimbi kagesi ingaqukatha nezinye izithako: sulphur, carbon, manganese, phosphorus kanye nabanye. Khona-ke abakhululiwe eziyingozi kakhulu - carbon (C). Kungaba ngesimo njengoba cementite, futhi-graphite. It has nemiphumela ehlukene kwi-ingxubevange, kanye iphesenti carbon okuqukethwe. Ukuze ugweme inclusions engadingeki isici C, steel ayikwazi selehlile alandelayo ngokushesha ukuguga futhi njengoba sinjalo.

nemiphumela emibi izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zingxenye ezilandelayo: i-oksijini, isibabule manganese. Zinciphisa nezimfanelo zayo kazibuthe. yensimbi Technical ukubunjwa yayo ngempela has amanyela. Lapha, kufanele kucatshangelwe sisonke, hhayi njengendlela yensimbi okumsulwa.

Kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo steel ngokusebenzisa ukuhlanzwa ukungcola. Kodwa le ndlela akuyona siyazuzisa ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba ukukhiqizwa emikhulu. Kodwa ishidi ugingqe abandayo amafomu steel kagesi ngumuntu impahla magnetic oyiyo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba athole imiphumela emihle. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kudingeka labadubuli olwengeziwe.

rolling abandayo

Kwaphela isikhathi eside sasikholelwa ukuthi i-silicon kwandisa brittleness ensimbi. Ukukhiqizwa zenzeka ngokuyinhloko kweqa ashisayo. Nenzuzo ugingqe abandayo kwaba ongaphakeme.

Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye kuye kwatholakala ukuthi ukusebenza abandayo kanye isiqondiso kwandisa izakhiwo kazibuthe indaba, liye kabanzi. Ezinye izindawo liye lazibonakalisa kuphela onesandla esibi kunazo zonke. Cold kweqa nethonya elizuzisa phezu izakhiwo mechanical, kanye ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yokubandula ebusweni ishidi, le waviness futhi ngakhula wokushaya yayo amandla.

izakhiwo ehlukile lapho wathola steel kagesi ngokusebenzisa zokusebenza abandayo zingachazwa ngezinqubo kumiswa therein of ukuthungwa crystallographic. It is zihlukaniswa degrees eziningana. Nazo ngokufanayo, kuxhomeke lokushisa lapho kweqa sihamba, futhi phezu ukushuba edingekayo ishidi futhi ngezinga kulo crimped.

Izindleko hot iphuma ishidi ukujiya baba izikhathi 2 leliphasi kunaleyo amakhaza. Kodwa lokhu izinga offset engeyinhle ngokuphelele ongaphakeme ukushisa ukulahlekelwa (izikhathi esingaphansi mayelana amabili), izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu kanye wokushaya ikhono elihle abandayo iphuma ingxubevange. Umehluko kulezi lezinsimbi - okuqukethwe silicon. senani zokhahlamba kusuka 3.3% kuya 4.5%, ngokulandelana.

GOST

Abakhiqizi ukukhiqiza ezimbili kuphela izinhlobo zensimbi ezihambisana GOST. Uhlobo lokuqala - 802-58 "kagesi asongwe". Okwesibili - kagesi steel GOST 9925-61 "Tape roll abandayo steel kagesi".

ukuqokwa

Make ngohlamvu "E", kwalandela nombolo, izinombolo zazo anencazelo ekhethekile:

• Idijithi kuqala ukubaluleka kusho degree of kophawu steel alloying ne-silicon. Kusukela kancane doped a ingxubevange okusezingeni eliphezulu, ngokulandelana e Izinombolo 1 kuya ku 4. I ugesi - a steel amaqembu A1 kanye A2. Transformer - E3 futhi E4.
• Idijithi yesibili wokugubha inebanga kusuka 1 kuya 8. Ibonisa izakhiwo kagesi we indaba lapho silusebenzise izimo ezithile yokusebenza. Ngenxa yalesi wokugubha ingatholakala yiziphi izindawo ungasebenzisa eyodwa noma nezinye steel.

zero Digital emva idijithi yesibili ibonisa ukuthi steel is textured. Uma kukhona amaqanda amabili, khona-ke kuyinto ngomala kancane.

kungenziwa Ekupheleni nekukumakwa bathole incwadi elandelayo:

• "A" - umonakalo ethize impahla liphansi kakhulu.
• "P" - impahla iphuma ngamandla esiphakeme futhi high surface sekugcineni.

Ububanzi wokusebenza

Sihlukaniswe ingxubevange Isicelo zibe izinhlobo ezintathu:

• ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ku Amasimu okusezingeni eliphezulu naphakathi kazibuthe (magnetic Ukubuyiselwa emuva ubumsulwa 50 Hz);
• ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ku Amasimu secondary amaza kuze kufinyelele 400 Hz;
• steel, okuyinto esetshenziswa Amasimu aphakathi nendawo kanye amancane kazibuthe.

kagesi amashidi steel ekhiqizwa elandelayo Ubukhulu: ububanzi 240 1000 mm, ubude kungenzeka kusuka 720 mm kuya ku-2000 mm, ukushuba - ka 0.1 kuya 1 mm. Inqubo esetshenziswa kabanzi Iningi textured steel, ngoba babe kwenani impahla kagesi. AmaSpredishithi ukwaziswa okunjalo avame ukusetshenziswa lapho kwenziwa Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka.

steel wegezi - Properties

ingxubevange Properties

• Resistivity. Kule Inkomba kuncike ngqo izinga material. Steel isetshenziswa lapho kuyadingeka ukugcina ugesi ngaphakathi umqhubi bese bekuthuthela wo destination.
• Amandla sibhekwe. Lubhekele ikhono yangaphakathi kazibuthe ngoba demagnetization. For Amadivayisi ezithile, lesi sici liyadingeka ngezindlela ezingafani. Ngo-transformer futhi izinjini wasebenzisa izinto nge ikhono eliphezulu ukuba demagnetization. Esikhathini sibalo isibe ongaphakeme. Kodwa kule electromagnets kudingeka, kunalokho, ibutho okusezingeni eliphezulu sibhekwe. Ukuze ulungise izakhiwo kazibuthe, engeza amaphesenti ofiselekayo ka-silicon ku steel ingxubevange.

• Ububanzi loop hysteresis. Lesi sibalo kufanele ibe phansi ngangokunokwenzeka.
• permeability Magnetic. Ayanda sibalo, ngcono indaba "sokubhekana" ngemisebenzi yabo.
• I ukushuba we ishidi. Ukuze womshini kumadivayisi amaningi nezingxenye zokwakha, ukushuba zazo ingeqi eyodwa milimitha. Nokho, uma kunesidingo, inkomba kuyehla kube ukubaluleka 0.1 mm.

isicelo

Of izinto ishidi ekilasini lokuqala, ungenza izinhlobo ezahlukene izifunda kazibuthe ngoba udlulisela nabalawuli.

Kagesi steel of isigaba sesibili ingasetshenziswa temusho ka DC kagesi AC zamanje, cores we rotors. Ekilasini lesithathu kuyoba efanelekayo yokukhiqiza cores kazibuthe ngoba amandla Transformers, kanye temusho imishini emikhulu undiza.

Ukuze ukwakha izikafula ngoba umshini kagesi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa steel cast lapho okuqukethwe carbon akuyona ezingaphezu kuka-1%. Imikhiqizo ezenziwe le nto ngaphansi annealed kancane kancane. Carbon steel asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni ngomshini izingxenye ngaphansi Welding. wenza isigxobo esikhulu yemishini DC lezi izinhlobo izinto.

Kulabo izingxenye umshini okuyinto athwale umthwalo esiphezulu (entwasahlobo, rotors, imiphini sezikhonkwane) isetshenziswa Alloys nge high izakhiwo lokukhanda. impahla onjalo angase zimumethe a-nickel, i-chromium, molybdenum futhi tungsten. Angakwazi izinsimbi cores magnetic steel kagesi. Zisetshenziswa ngoba ephansi imvamisa transformers - 50Hz.

induku kazibuthe

Magnetic ukwabelana ngazo mayelana nezembatho zempi kanye core. Ngamunye zilwane izici zayo siqu.

Rod: e induku enjalo mpo kazibuthe futhi wangenela kwesigaba engu- alotshiwe umbuthano. Bahlela ukuma ekhethekile cylindrical kwekhoyili kazibuthe.

zempi

Imikhiqizo yalesi design abe ukuma elingunxande futhi izinduku zabo babe ingxenye engu-, basuke wahlela nendawo. Lolu hlobo wesifunda kazibuthe sisetshenziswa kuphela kumadivayisi eziyinkimbinkimbi namadizayini. Ngakho-ke, lezi zakhiwo musa zande.

Ngakho, sathola ukuthi steel kagesi futhi itholakala lapho sisetshenziswa khona.