Umzimba amorphous. izici

Igama elithi "amorphous" ngokwezwi nezwi ehunyushwa ngokuthi kusukela lesiGreki ngokuthi "hhayi uhlobo", "cha ifomu". Izinto ezinjalo ungenalo isakhiwo crystalline, abazi ibhekane cleavage ne kumiswa crystal ubuso. Ngokuvamile, umzimba amorphous kuyinto isotropic, okungukuthi, impahla yayo ngokomzimba akuncikile isiqondiso isenzo zangaphandle.

Ukuze izinto amorphous zihlanganisa ingilazi (mlilo kanye yokufakelwa), inhlaka, inhlaka nokunye okunjalo. G. isimo Solid ingilazi amorphous umzimba kubhekwa. Ngakho, ketshezi angase bahlale besesimweni Vitreous ngaphansi kwethonya okushisa aphansi. Ngaphansi kwethonya okushisa ephakeme bona siguqulelwa isimo esibunjiweyo. I viscosity izinto amorphous incike lokushisa: ayanda kuba, the ephansi sibalo.

Izakhiwo kwezinto eziqinile amorphous zikuvumela ukuba uwafake sesimweni Lesisemkhatsini phakathi uketshezi kanye zinhlayiya. Kule ndaba, zinzima olongahle igama le nkampani.

Ukuqeda emizimbeni amorphous - esinye sezici eziyinhloko yalezi izinto. Kungenzeka ukuba afeze ukuhlolwa. Ukuze lokho kuzodinga ikhandlela stearic, ubumba kanye yokufakelwa ukushisa umthombo (heater). Futhi ikhandlela, nobumba ibekwe ibanga elilinganayo kusuka heater. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kuqale nokuqala ukwenzeka ukuncibilika ikhandlela. Kulokhu, kuphela ubumba iba ethambile. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ikhandlela liyancibilika ngokuphelele. Clay futhi siba soft kakhulu.

Kunezinye stearin efanayo, izidakamizwa - isb, izinsimbi. Lapho ukufuthelana, bona ukuthambisa ancibilike. Kule nqubo, ungahlala bukela njengoba liqine futhi lisithinte ngokwengeziwe futhi inengxenye uketshezi lolu daba. Lezi izidumbu crystalline.

Kukhona izinto sebefudumele, wathamba futhi kancane kancane abe uketshezi xaxa. Kulezi zimo, ucacise lokushisa ngaso ukuthambisa, akunakwenzeka. Lokhu - umzimba amorphous. Bayakwazi ageleze, ngisho ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi. Lokhu kungaqinisekiswa ngokuthola isipiliyoni.

, Kwasuka ingilazi kuyadingeka ukubeka ucezu resin bakushiye emazingeni okushisa okuvamile. Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa ke izobonwa ukuthi resin hhayi kuphela wathatha ngesimo uphondo, kodwa futhi ageleza kwalo njengokungathi yi-jet. Lokhu kuhlola uqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba amorphous sokuziphatha njengomncane liquid obukhulu kakhulu futhi viscous.

Lapho eseyinsizwa efundela ezomthetho kulona usebenzisa-X-ray kanye electron microscope wembula ukuthi la izinto izinhlayiya abekho umyalelo oqinile. Okunamandla eyinqaba, isibonelo, okuthiwa yesikhathi eside ukuze, lapho umgwaqo we izinhlayiya. umzimba amorphous libhekene ilungiselelo oda short-range. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ngezinga elithile bayakwazi ukuhleleka kuka lilondolozwe ilungiselelo kuphela endaweni kuyizinhlayiyana ngayinye.

Yasungulwa ukuthi lezi zinto (njengoba ngempela kwesinye) izinhlayiya kuyahlukahluka nemiyalezo futhi njalo. Nokho, ukudla okuqinile amorphous, bangakwazi gxuma kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye. It kugqugquzelwa kanye ilungiselelo ngokungalingani aminyene izinhlayiya e izinto amorphous - zikhona izikhala elikhulu. Kodwa lezi amabanga akuzona "singenamuntu", njengoba, isibonelo, izinto crystalline.

Phakathi nenkathi ethile yesikhathi (izinyanga, amasonto, zinsuku) umzimba ngamanye amorphous kungaba angesabi seningene isimo crystalline. Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi ukubuka, njengoju lwezinyosi noma ushukela candy emva kwesikhashana ulahlekelwe obala yabo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ngokuvamile bathi imikhiqizo "ushukela." Ngesikhathi esifanayo, libutha spoon uju candy candied noma amakhefu, ungakwazi ngempela watch zinhlayiya ushukela esenzelwa ngaphambilini yayikhona ifomu amorphous.

Lokhu crystallization okuzenzakalelayo izinto kubonisa obuhlukahlukene degrees yokumelana uthi. Ngakho, ukusebenza okuncane umzimba amorphous.