Umzimba endlebeni yomuntu: ukwakheka kwazo, imisebenzi kanye nobungako obungafani empilweni social

"I engenakwenzeka ukubona ehlukanisa umuntu izinto.

Ukungakwazi ukuzwa ehlukanisa indoda kubantu. "

U-Immanuel Kant

Man ubona ulwazi oluvela ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa izinzwa ezinhlanu - ngokubona, ukuzwa, touch, zokunambitha nokuhogela, okuyinto wazise hhayi kuphela ke yiziphi izinguquko ukuze imvelo bangaphandle, kodwa futhi ukuze ixwayise ngengozi kungenzeka. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu uthola isipiliyoni. Ngesisekelo lesi nakho atholwe izinhlobo zokuziphatha kwabantu.

Sakhiwo womuntu ukuzwa isitho anatomically emelelwa yangaphandle, maphakathi neminyango yangaphakathi. Indlebe yangaphandle ihlanganisa auricle, sokuzwa canal S emise eardrum - ipuleti tendinous, okuyinto iqine kakhulu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko yomnyango isitho sokuzwa ukuvikela izingxenye maphakathi kanye kwangaphakathi, kanye ukuba abambe futhi ubambe amagagasi umsindo maphakathi nendlebe.

Maphakathi nendlebe kuyinto umgodi ukuthi ligcwele umoya yokuhlala tube Eustachian kanye ossicles sokuzwa - malleus, incus futhi stapes. Inhloso yalesi ikhadi ukuqinisa kokuqhuba kunyakaza umsindo avela eardrum. ossicles tintfo - oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu isakhiwo yokwakheka, futhi slidably ngokulandelana oxhumene. I malleus, ukunamathela ohlangothini engaphakathi eardrum, ke okuhambisa kunyakaza ukuba anvil nesitibili. Futhi esikhundleni salokho uvalwe exhunywe kwi-window okusaqanda ka zengaphakathi lendlebe.

I Eustachian tube ukuvulwa ungene komunye umkhawulo umgodi we maphakathi nendlebe, nezinye - kule ingaphakathi acinene inikeza alinganayo umfutho womoya maphakathi nendlebe.

I kwangaphakathi umnyango indlebe isitho ligcwele ketshezi futhi siqukethe iwindi okusaqanda we cochlea futhi uhlaka Corti. ifasitela Okusaqanda, abathola kunyakaza acoustic kusukela ossicles sokuzwa, adlulisele kubo kuya cochlea, okuyinto isiteshi ngavela ngayithanda. Ulwelwesi eyinhloko cochlea, etholakala maphakathi isakhiwo yokwakheka siqukethe fibrils welulela, phezu okuyinto uhlaka Corti - Main yokwamukela sokuzwa. Iyehla iyenyuka fibrils Umnenke beqonda izinwele sezinzwa uhlaka Corti futhi adluliselwa ngokusebenzisa izinzwa sokuzwa endaweni sokuzwa we- cortex cerebral, kubunjwa khona lokujabulela umsindo.

Isitho asizwe umuntu anencazelo ekhethekile. Ukuzwa, kanye isidumbu sowesilisa zokunambitha, owakheke ngokugcwele kusukela umntwana osanda kuzalwa, okuyinto ibona izwi unina ngokushesha emva kokuzalwa. Noma yimuphi kunyakaza umsindo emoyeni oyibamba ku uhlaka ukuzwa, enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba baqonde ukuthi kwenzekani eceleni. It ivumela isitho wobuntu ukuzwa khona isimo senhlalo, ukuze abone lulwimi lolukhulunywako, ikuvumela ukuba ukukhulumisana nabanye futhi uhlanganyele emisebenzini yomphakathi kanye nabasebenzi. Kuyinto kuyakwazi ukubopha abantu ndawonye ezahlukene, kungakhathaliseki ukungefani kwamasiko, inkolo noma ibala lesikhumba. Uma ukuxhumana ngezwi phakathi kwabantu ababili abangekho, njengoba umthetho, kuphakama yokungethembani equlekile kwenqatshwa therebetween.

Uma kukhona ukulahleka ukuzwa ekuqaleni kuka ebuntwaneni, ingane elahlekelwa ikhono nokuzala lamagama athi kubo. Nakuba abantu abayimiqemane bayakwazisa ukuzwa incane kakhulu kunaleyo umbono, kodwa isitho wobuntu ukuzwa emvumela ukuba silondoloze ubuhlobo obuseduze ne imvelo, njengoba akunakuba "ucishiwe", ngisho elele.

Ukuzwa - lena umqondo acute kakhulu futhi ephelele kunazo. Inombolo kunyakaza umsindo, ziqondakala indlebe, izikhathi eziyisigidi lincane inani molecule zilalela womuntu isitho olfactory. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu uyakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi eziningi ezihlukahlukene imisindvo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ngokunembile kakhulu ukunquma ibanga emthonjeni. isitho Engumuntu ukuzwa has a eyinkimbinkimbi ezinjalo ukuba ngingehlelwa nangeyodwa kulezi kumadivayisi esimanjemanje kakhulu lobuchwepheshe abakwazi esikhundleni sakhe.

Futhi ngisho naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umuntu oyisithulu noma abayizithulu ingaze ulwazi umsindo ngesenzo noma ukunyakaza izindebe omunye isikhulumi, ukuqonda amazwi ngokomzwelo, akayena ekwaziyo. Thanda awakwazi ukuveza ngokugcwele isimo semizwa yakho ukuthintwa. Bonke abantu abayingxenye yezwe umsindo. Futhi labo, nganoma isiphi isizathu, lapho isikhulile isithulu zabo, wagomela ngokuthi azibonayo lokhu ukulahlekelwa kanzima kakhulu, njengoba kuthiwa behlukene ngaphandle umsindo ezweni.

Ukuzwa kubhekwa ohlakaniphe kunazo isitho sezinzwa, ngoba umsindo uhlelo ukuqashelwa is kuxhumene kakhulu ngokungenakuhlukaniswa ohlelweni sezinzwa, okuyinto unomthwalo imizwelo yabantu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukulalela umculo ingayithinta ezihlukahlukene imizwa - injabulo nenhlonipho ukudumazeka nokudabuka. Azalwa naso noma bathenga i-ekuqaleni ubudala ukuzwa ukukhubazeka kuhambisana hhayi kuphela ukuthuthukiswa esindayo nabanengqondo futhi engqondweni yethu, kodwa futhi nomphakathi nezingokwengqondo izici. Man, njengomuntu wezenhlalo, edabula bazikhandla befuna ingcebo ngokomzwelo nge ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa.

Ngakho, bonke sisangulukile ezinhlanu are lingana. Okubaluleke kakhulu, indlebe, inkulu ukukhomba izimpawu womuntu nomphakathi. Ukuzwa ivumela nje kuphela ukuthola ulwazi ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ngaphandle, kodwa futhi ukuba bathole ulwazi, ukuzwa imizwa enamandla. Isetshenziselwa zokuxhumana zenhlalo, ke uxwayisa ngengozi futhi ugwema ke.