Unxantathu Angled: umqondo kanye izakhiwo

Isinqumo zezinkinga yejeyomethri kudinga owawudinga ulwazi. Omunye izincazelo eyisisekelo lokhu isayensi kuyinto unxantathu wesokudla-angled.

Ngaphansi lo mqondo ehloselwe sibalo Jomethri ehlanganisa emakhoneni emithathu izinhlangothi, futhi ubukhulu omunye engeli kuyinto 90 degrees. Amaqembu ezakha engela kwesokudla abizwa ngokuthi imilenze, wesithathu, okuphikisana kuso, ubizwa ngokuthi hypotenuse.

Uma imilente sibalo alinganayo, ubizwa ngokuthi unxantathu isosceles kwesokudla. Kulokhu kukhona ukubandakanya kuya ezimbili izinhlobo onxantathu, okusho ukuthi impahla waphawula kuwo womabili la maqembu. Khumbula ukuthi ama-engeli ngasesinqeni se unxantathu isosceles zihlale ngokuphelele kungakho imiphetho ebukhali we onethonya kuyohlanganisa degrees 45.

Ukuba khona omunye Izakhiwo ezilandelayo isikisela ukuthi unxantathu wesokudla-angled ilingana komunye:

1. ezimbili imilenze onxantathu bayalingana;
2. izibalo abe hypotenuse efanayo futhi omunye imilenze;
3. ayalingana futsi hypotenuse, futhi noma iyiphi emakhoneni ebukhali;
4. waphawula isimo ukulingana umlenze engela oyingozi.

Le ndawo unxantathu kwesokudla ibalwa kalula usebenzisa amafomula ejwayelekile, noma njengoba ubuningi elilingana isigamu umkhiqizo nezinye izinhlangothi ezimbili.

ubudlelwano ezilandelayo kuyagcinwa unxantathu unxande:

1. Umlenze akulutho ngaphandle ezilinganiselwe kusho we hypotenuse kanye lelivakalako emlonyeni walo;
2. uma mayelana ukuchaza ilungelo unxantathu embuthanweni, isikhungo salo uzobe etholakala phakathi hypotenuse;
3. ukuphakama sisuselwa engela kwesokudla iyona ezilinganiselwe isilinganiso kuya projection of imilenze unxantathu at hypotenuse yayo.

Abathandwayo kuyinto ngeqiniso lokuthi noma yini unxantathu kwesokudla angled, lezi izakhiwo njalo sihlonishwe.

Pythagoras 'theorem

Ngaphezu sezindawo ngenhla sici for onxantathu unxande kwale mibandela elandelayo: esigcawini hypotenuse ilingana isamba sezikwele imilenze. Lokhu theorem yaqanjwa umsunguli wayo - theorem kaPythagoras. Wavula lo isilinganiso lapho wahlanganyela ukutadisha izakhiwo segcekeni esakhiwe phezu izinhlangothi unxande unxantathu.

Ukuze afakazele theorem thina babakha ABC unxantathu, imilenze okuyinto ezikhonjiswe a futhi b, futhi hypotenuse c. Ngokulandelayo, sitshelwa ngo ukwakha ezimbili sikwele. Enye uhlangothi kuyoba hypotenuse, omunye imilenze emibili sum.

Khona-ke, endaweni yokuqala square zingatholakala ngezindlela ezimbili: njengoba isamba izindawo onxantathu ezine ABC kanye sikwele wesibili, noma njengoba ohlangothini square, yebo, ukuthi lezi zilinganiso bayalingana. Lokho:

4 ² + (ab / 2) = (a + b) ^2, ukuguqula inkulumo okuholela:

² +2 ab = ² + b ² + ab 2

Ngenxa yalokho, sithola: c = ² + b ^{2 2}

Ngakho, sibalo Jomethri elihambisana unxantathu unxande, hhayi kuphela zonke izindawo sici onxantathu. Ukuba khona nje engela kwesokudla kuholela yokuthi lesi sibalo unezinye ubudlelwane esiyingqayizivele. Ukutadisha kwabo kuyoba usizo hhayi kuphela e isayensi kodwa futhi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, njengoba isibalo ezifana unxantathu wesokudla itholakala kuyo yonke indawo.