USophia, Princess: Biography, izithombe, phakathi nokubusa

ERussia ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17 kunokuthile okwakubaluleke Amazing: ezweni elinesidingo Domostroi amasiko ziqinile kakhulu, futhi abesifazane babe nokuphila kakhulu reclusive, Princess UZandile waqala ukuphatha izindaba zombuso. Kwathi ngokuphazima kweso futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo yebo, Russian waqala ukuqonda sigameko njengoba into kalula. Kuze kube isikhathi esithile, akekho uyathukuthela Princess uSophia, okuyinto biography okungavamile kangaka. Nokho, ngemva kweminyaka eminingana, lapho ethola izinso amandla ukuze lidlulele kaPetru mina, abantu babezibuza ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi ahlonishwe iNdlovukazi, owayenguyise kuphela owesifazane. Yiqiniso, umuntu oqavile kwaba iPrincess UZandile. Photo kanye biography kuyokunikeza umqondo abanye ngakho.

UZandile ukuphila e kude

Lolu shintsho lwaqala lapho kufa ka Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Nokho, ngemva kokufa kwakhe, Princess UZandile (wokubusa - 1682-1689) akazange Ngokushesha uyaqaphela ukuthi kwaba khulula. Indodakazi autocrat wahlala 'idla yodwa e inxuluma engu-19 nodadewabo. Uya isonto kuphela uma behamba futhi ngezinye izikhathi zazihamba nawo isethulo kayise, wahlela kusukela Artamona Matveeva. Princess, kwaletha Domostroi, naye ubengomunye okungcono abafundi Simeona Polotskogo, uthisha odumile. Nanguya ngamakhala Polish, funda e zesiGreki nesiLatin. Ngokuphindaphindiwe owesifazane emangala uma ezwa endaweni yakhe, kokuba yakhiwe le nhlekelele, okuyinto ke zenzeka emkhayeni. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi wabhala izinkondlo UZandile. Princess wayevelele ngakho zobuciko, ziphawuleka ngisho umlobi odumile mlando Karamzin. Wabhala ukuthi ithalenta inkosazana wamvumela ukuba ancintisane abalobi engcono.

Ithuba ukuphuma imibhoshongo

Ngo 1676, ne ukubusa Fedor Alekseevich, umfowabo Sofia, lona wamuva ngokuzumayo waqaphela ukuthi kwakunempikiswano okwakumelwe ithuba ekugcineni aphume imibhoshongo. Umfowabo ubangwa nezibi, futhi ngalesi sikhathi ngokuvamile zitholakala eduze Sofia kuye. ngokuvamile Princess kwaba amagumbi uTheodore, babexhumana yamatlege futhi boyars, bahlangana Duma lokumba okushiwo nokubusa.

Umbusi washona ngo 1682, kanye nenhlekelele dynastic efika esifundeni. Pretenders yesihlalo sobukhosi akuyona ezifaneleke nesikhundla esiphakeme ezinjalo. Ifa babe indodana Natal Naryshkinoy abasha oPetru imbecile Ivan, Lowo okuzala ngezinhlungu zokubeletha Maria Miloslavskaya Alexei Mikhailovich. Lezi zinkampani ezimbili - i-Naryshkin futhi Miloslavskys - balwa bodwa.

Ukhetho kaKesari Peter

King, ngokwemfundiso yesiko, kwakufanele kube-Ivan. Nokho, lokhu Kwakuyohlanganisani isidingo anakekele isikhathi wokubusa kwakhe. Kuleli wathembela UZandile. Inkosazana Ngadumala lapho inkosi uPetru eneminyaka engu-10 ubudala wakhethwa. Sophie ubengase ukuhalalisela naleso yakhe half-brother. manje Ubelokhu nzima inselelo ukuba semthethweni wokubusa kwakhe.

Musketeers Riot futhi ibhodi UZandile

Kodwa UZandile mbibi ulahlekelwe. inkosazana futhi bekwazi ayikwazanga ukusizakala isimo esivuna yayo. Ukuze umgomo wakhe kwakuhilela emashalofini Royal Sofia. Princess ebancenga ukuba bavukele, lapho ngokusemthethweni eqala ukubusa, zikaJohane noPetru. Kodwa UZandile eyayifezwa uhulumeni wombuso.

Nokho, injabulo lokhu kunqoba kungaba ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kulezi zinsuku amandla UZandile kwakubonakala ghostly. Sagittarians, eyayibonakala eliholwa Prince Khovanskii, kwadingeka kakhulu bamandla wangempela. Sofia ngaphansi ibhaxa bayengelwa kusukela dolobha, beya emzaneni Khovanskii Vozdvizhenskoe. Lapha inhloko ye-oda Archer wamangalelwa ngokuba imbuka futhi abulawe. Ibutho, ngakho-ke, siyobona ukuthi kwakungeyona neze umholi. ngokushesha Princess UZandile waphonsa ukukhala yekwatisa ukuvikela esisemthethweni igunya Noble nezidlamlilo. Abacibisheli abekade beshaqekile, babengazi ukuthi yini okumele uyenze. Ekuqaleni wakhulelwa ukulwa umbusi kanye boyars, kodwa ngiphaphama ngesikhathi futhi yazinikela. manje USophia sisho ngentando yayo Musketeers. Yaqala kanjalo-ke Regency engu-7 UZandile Alekseevna.

Prince Golitsyn, uguquko

Favorit Sofia, Prince Vasily Golitsyn (ngenhla), wayeyinhloko uhulumeni. Kwaba usomaqhinga abanamakhono. Vala futhi okuqhubekayo naye wenze UZandile umsekeli umsekeli oqinile ukubonelelwa nemfundo. By the way, the amahlebezi zakamuva mayelana nokuba khona kwamakamu uxhumano ngezokwenyama phakathi kwazo. Nokho akukho ukuxhumana ne inkosazana ozithandayo noma ubufakazi eziphathelene nesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe, musa uqinisekise lesi.

Nokho, umthelela Golitsyn UZandile ngokuqinisekile waba mkhulu. Ikakhulu, i-isimemezelo wakhishwa, owawuthi abakweletwayo ayenqatshelwe ukuthatha ukuzijayeza abanamacala izikweletu amadoda bengekho omkabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi akuvumelekile ukuqoqa izikweletu izintandane nabafelokazi, uma kungekhona bashiye izindlu ngemva kokufa oyise nabayeni. Kusukela manje, ngoba "amazwi embi" cha ababulawa. yesijeziso salandelwa inkomba futhi ephethe isiswebhu. Ngaphambili, owesifazane ongathembekile kumyeni wakhe entanyeni wangcwatshwa emhlabathini uyaphila. Manje ukufa okubuhlungu enjalo salandelwa ne-lighter - ngumkhapheli ezisengozini ngokunqunywa.

ukuthuthukiswa umkhakha

IBhodi UZandile Kwaphawulwa futhi imizamo eminingana sokuthuthukiswa umkhakha, ukuvuselelwa nokuhwebelana West. Lokhu kwangenza ngalahlekelwa e ukwelukwa ethile. Ezweni lethu waqala ukuveza okunethezeka izindwangu: brocade, satin velvet. Ngaphambili, base amazwe evela phesheya. Ochwepheshe abezinye izizwe zaqala etholakala phesheya ukufundisa amakhosi Russian.

Kokusungulwa Academy, ukugqugquzelwa kwemfundo kanye nobuciko

Sofia e 1687 wavula Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy. Iphuzu indalo yayo waqala ngaphansi Tsar Fedor Alekseevich. Ngemva ososayensi Kiev waqala ukushushisa uMbhishobhi Omkhulu uMuzi Golitsyn futhi UZandile wasebathatha wokuvikela. Princess ukhuthaze ukwakhiwa eMoscow itshe choir, zifunde ezinye izilimi futhi art ezahlukene. Phesheya sokuqeqesha intsha wasuka imikhaya zasebukhosini.

Lempumelelo inqubomgomo angaphandle

Futhi sekube impumelelo ephawulekayo inqubomgomo angaphandle. IRussia esayinwe Poland Ukuthula okuPhakade. Lo mbuso, ngokuvumelana nemibandela wabalethela Golitsyn, waqaphela kwathatha uhulumeni waseRussia ekhatsi Kiev nobulungu Russian of Kwesokunxele-Bank Ukraine, Seversk futhi Smolensk amazwe. China esayinwe iSivumelwano Nerchinsk kwaba omunye umcimbi zezombusazwe ezibalulekile. Nale isimo akhelene kuyilapho amazwe Russian eSiberia.

imikhankaso Crimean

Nokho, kwakukhona kwezithiyo, ezithinta, ekugcineni, futhi lokhu kwaholela kokugumbuqelwa UZandile futhi Golitsyn (isithombe sakhe kunikezwa ngenhla). Kuvele ohlakaniphile abanolwazi, inkosazana yathe ayeyithanda kwakungu indoda esithambile futhi sokungazazi. Yayingazi yena nomyali. Nokho, uSophia waphikelela ngokuthi lo muntu ephethwe umkhankaso YaseCrimea, kushabalele. Ibutho kwenziwe umkhankaso e 1687 wabuya emuva. Bona kuvimbe AmaTatar, ngubani ngomlilo asemaqeleni. Nokho, uSophia ngisho ukubuya esihlazisayo sezitha alinikeze nazo zonke solemnity. Wayefuna ukusekela Golitsyn. Ngesikhathi eyintandokazi washo ukuthi kuphela wabulala abantu lutho, makangilandele kule adventure. Lo mkhankaso yesibili akuphumelelanga. Wayiswa ngemva kweminyaka emibili.

UZandile ilahlekelwa amandla

Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kuze usukhulile amakhosi, ibamba UZandile wakuvumela ukuba anqume zonke izindaba zombuso. Phakathi yokwamukela angaphandle inkosazana amanxusa icashe kwesihlalo sobukhosi ngiyakusho, bazalwane, ukuthi baziphathe kanjani. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uPetru eminyakeni edlule UZandile ukuvuthwa. Peter mina, Meyi 30, 1689 eneminyaka engu-17. Ngesikhathi ukuphikelela of Natal Kirillovny, nonina, + wayeshade sikhathi Evdokia Lopukhina futhi ngaba mdala, ngokuvumelana imibono sikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Ivan, inkosi abaphezulu, waba naye ushade. Lokho ngesisekelo okuhlelekileko ukuqhubeka Regency wahlala. Kodwa USophia isaba khona izandla zakhe izintambo zikahulumeni. Lokhu zaholela ezingxabanweni noPetru.

Yaba ubudlelwane ngokuya nobutha phakathi kwakhe nodadewabo. Princess wayeqaphela kahle ukuthi isilinganiso zonke amabutho ngonyaka zizoshintsha hhayi umusa wakhe. Ukuze aqinise isikhundla sakhe siqu, wazama ukushada embusweni emuva 1687. Fedor Shaklovity, umabhalane wasondela inkosazana, waqala ukuyaluza phakathi Musketeers. Noma kunjalo, ungakhohlwa ukuthi kwenzekani Prince Khovanskii, bala ukusekela UZandile.

Ukungqubuzana phakathi inkosazana noPetru lokuqala kwaba lapho Sophie nesibindi ukuze iqhaza, kanye namakhosi sesonto phakathi nodwendwe. Peter wathukuthela. Wathi ungowesifazane, ngakho-ke kufanele kususwe ngokushesha njengoba ukulandela iziphambano wobulili fair kuyichilo. Nokho, uSophia wanquma indiva isihlamba umfowabo. Khona-ke washiya emcimbini, uPetru. Wakhokha udadewabo ngecala lakhe lesibili, ngokwenqaba ukwamukela ngemva kwalowo mkhankaso YaseCrimea ePrince Golitsyn.

Ukuzama ukuqeda Peter

Ngakho, ukuzama kuhlulekile lomshado ukuze UZandile. Nokho, kwaba khona omunye indlela yokuphuma - lwalungaqedwa uPetru. Ezisanda inkosazana wayethemba ukuthi amabutho alwa ngeminsalo, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi kwaba nhlanga zimuka nomoya. Othile waqala amahemuhemu inkanuko, ethi eMoscow ayahlekisa eshalofini uPetru ukubulala Tsar Ivan futhi umbusi. UZandile wabiza abacibisheli azivikele. A kuPetru, zakhulisa wezwa ngandlebenye ukuthi silungiselela ukuhlasela "izinyevuzi" (kangaka okuthiwa Streltsov Petr). Inkosi wayengazisabi izinsongo, kodwa kusukela zisencane engqondweni yakhe isithombe wasala 1682, lapho amabutho alwa ngeminsalo eyenziwa ukucekwa kwabantu abaseduze naye. UPetru wanquma ukuphika aphephele zintathu-uSergiyu Monastery. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, woza lapha emashalofini ezihlekisayo, kanye, bamangala eziningi, enye yazo Musketeers ibutho, wayala Sukharev.

I-Flight kaPetru bedidekile UZandile. Wayefuna bakwemukele umfowabo, kodwa imizamo ayiphumelelanga. Khona-ke UZandile yanquma ukucela usizo yenzalamizi. Kodwa sabakhumbuza kangangokuthi wakubona umbusi ngesikhathi uMbusi, waya kuPetru. abasekeli UZandile yaba ngaphansi. Boyars, muva klyavshiesya ukwethembeka kuye kungabonakali ushiye inkosazana. Abacibishelayo okuhleliwe uPetru, owavuma wayegade emhlanganweni eMoscow wokuphenduka. Ngo kuwuphawu lokuzithoba bakufaka ku block lokuqobela yomgwaqo amakhanda abo.

Isiphetho Isigodlo, ithemba lokugcina

UZandile oneminyaka engu-32 ubudala ekupheleni Septhemba 1689 waphetha ngemiyalo yezikhulu uPetro Novodevichy Sezindela. Nokho, ngo-1698 yena yayifisa. Peter Khona baya eYurophu, futhi regiments Royal ukuthi kwamiswa kude nenhloko-dolobha, wathuthela eMoscow. Nomdeni ukubuyela UZandile sobukhosi, futhi uMbusi, akazange akhononde Musketeers, "Lime", uma ubuya phesheya.

Ukubulawa abacibisheli, isiphetho UZandile

Kodwa ukuvukela ukuyiveza. Inzala uyohlale ekhunjulwa mass ukubulawa yabacibishelayo. UPetru, ababengababonanga udadewabo iminyaka 9 ubudala, beza kuye izincazelo lokugcina Novodevichy Sezindela. Sasiwukufakazela ukubandakanywa inkosazana a Musketeers isiphithiphithi. umbusi Owabe ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho waba indelakazi ngemiyalo yezikhulu uPetru. Kwathiwa akenze igama uSusanna. Yena kwakufanele ayisekho yini litsemba lelikhona sobukhosi. Ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe wathatha schema kanye wabuya igama lakhe. Julayi 3, 1704, wafa iPrincess uSophia, ogama biography kwaba njalo uncharacteristic isikhathi sakhe.