Valentin vasilevich Bondarenko - astronaut, hhayi ngilinqobile besibhakabhaka esinezinkanyezi

Njengoba lwaqalwa ngo-60s yokuqala yaleli lamashumi amabili indiza emkhathini ekhulwini azange abe analogue lonke emlandweni. Pioneer Indlela kungaba nzima hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ziyingozi. Lokho ukuthuthukiswa black kwalasha zazingahambi nhlekelele. Futhi idrama yokuqala kukhala no- ukubanjwa kweqhaza iqhawe kwalesi sihloko. Valentin vasilevich Bondarenko babehamba phambili ohlwini ngokufa zezinkanyezi, ngubani, omi endleleni lezinkanyezi futhi akazange afinyelele umgomo wakhe. Kulesi sihloko, kuyothiwa ezichazwe Biography emfushane.

ebuntwaneni

Bondarenko Valentin vasilevich (bheka isithombe. Ngezansi) wazalwa ngo-1937. UPapa wahola umfana empini, isitolo umsiki ngesikhathi laseKharkov noboya kwemboni, bese baya phambi njengesisebenzi sokuzithandela. Phakathi nonyaka wenkonzo, wazakhela imihlobiso eziyisikhombisa lempi.

Kodwa Valentin kwadingeka akhuthazelele iminyaka emibili bomsebenzi, kanye umfowabo nonina. Umfana nje ngiphuphe esibhakabhakeni. Lapho efunda esikoleni esiphakeme, ngaya Bondarenko Kharkiv flying club. Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu yena wajoyina isikole zezindiza Voroshilovgrad.

umsebenzi wezempi

Ngo-1956, Valentin vasilevich Bondarenko wadluliswa aya kulesinye sikolo. Okokuqala e Grozny esikoleni, bese e Armavir. Ngo-1957 wathola iziqu ngempumelelo kuwo. Emhlabeni esifanayo, Cosmonaut esizayo ashada futhi waba indodana Sasha.

Khona-ke Valentine wathunyelwa ukukhonza emaZweni aseBaltic. Bondarenko kwaba umshayeli abahlakaniphe kakhulu. Ngo isifakazelo wakhe ucezu ebhaliwe kuphela izici ezinhle. Ngokushesha le ibutho efika Valentine Commission for ukukhethwa pilot e amabutho Cosmonaut. I hero lesi sihloko ngokuthi inthavyu kuqala. Lithi wayengumuntu umshayeli ozalwa. Futhi kuphela futhi akhethiwe lamabutho ezinjalo.

Ilungiselela zishayeka isikhala

Esikhathini Maphakathi nekhulu XX e iSoviet Union yaqala uhlelo olusha. Ngokwemvelo, cishe kwakuyihora ukuhlola isikhala, futhi bekubonakala ngokuqinile oluthathwa. Ngo-1959, Valentin vasilevich Bondarenko etholakele odokotela nikeza iqhaza izindiza ubuchwepheshe obusha. Le nsizwa wayijabulela. Ngemva Ukuhlolisiswa ngudokotela, yena kwahlanganiswa lokuqala isikhala lamabutho, ababebalelwa abantu 20. Bakhandwa ezikhethiwe kusuka izinkulungwane izicelo. Kwakukhona ukuqeqeshwa eside sokulungiselela wokushayela izindiza kuyi-mkhathi. Ekugcineni, njengoba kushone abantu abayisithupha kuphela. Bondarenko Valentin vasilevich awuzange kufakwe inombolo yabo, kodwa akazange yithemba. Umshayeli Babekholelwa ukuthi yonke into phambi kwakhe, ngoba wayengumuntu ezingaphansi kuka ilungu endala squad cishe engu-12 edlule.

Ngesikhathi ukuqeqeshwa isikhala pilot balimala. Ngokwesibonelo, Anatoly Kartashov wathola eziningi iphuzu-ukopha ngemva kovivinyo endaweni Centrifuge. Valentin Varlamov abalimele ngempela vertebra wesibeletho. UVladimir Komarov umiswe ukuqeqeshwa izinyanga eziyisithupha ngenxa ukuhlinza umbhunu, futhi Pavel Belyaev - izinyanga eziyishumi nambili ngenxa emlenzeni. I hero lesi sihloko ine ukulungiselela umzimba kakhulu, futhi wakwazi ukugwema ukulimala.

Ukuhlolwa surdbarokamere

Mashi 13, 1961 - lokho usuku lapho exoxela umkhaya wakubo uhambo Valentin Bondarenko. Cosmonaut empeleni waqamba amanga. Kodwa akakwazanga ngithi kini ukwazi. Valentin kwakudingeka ukuhlola ezilukhuni surdbarokamere. Kwaba endaweni hermetic nge ongaphakeme umfutho womoya ngaphakathi nomoya-mpilo okumsulwa. Bondarenko ayebotshelwe khona izinsuku eziyishumi. Sonke lesi sikhathi, ososayensi baye zilandelwa ngendlela asabela ngayo ezintweni. Yena eyedwa ngokuphelele nezwe.

Ngemva kokuphothulwa umshayeli ukuhlolwa babike ukuthi kungaba ahlukanisa kusukela zomzimba wezokwelapha. Valentin ayenza ngentokozo, kanye nabo bonke abanye kubo iminonjana wagcoba a swab ukotini wasigcobhoza utshwala. Ngemva kwalokho, le nsizwa basiphonsa kudoti. Kodwa swab kungazange kufinyelele umgomo, futhi kwahlanganiswa phezu isitofu. Ngenxa emakamu okhushuliwe oksijini ingcindezi ongaphakeme ikamelo lonke ngokushesha kwagqamuka amalangabi. Surdbarokameru alikwazi ukuvulwa ngokushesha ngenxa umehluko omkhulu ingcindezi. Lapho umshayeli wakhipha ne ukusha (u-90% emzimbeni), wayesekhona bayazi.

Mashi 23, 1961 - lokho usuku lapho esibhedlela Valentin Bondarenko. I-astronaut kwakukhona amahora ayisishiyagalombili. Odokotela nasetama kusindzisa kuphila kwakhe. Kodwa bonke kwaba yize. Le nsizwa wafa. Futhi emva kwezinsuku 19 Yuri Gagarin wenza andize isikhala kuqala.

imiphumela

Valentin vasilevich Bondarenko ukuthi ngemva kokufa kwakhe ukhishwa Order of Red Star. Wasamukela isihloko se-astronaut. Ngenxa ebulalayo lososayensi nonjiniyela zokuhlola design wazihlaziya chamber kanye nenani izakhi isilungisiwe. Kubandakanya okushintshiwe umkhathi futhi umfutho.

inkumbulo

Ulwazi mayelana ukufa usomkhathi angayambuli kuze 1986. Eminyakeni embalwa ngemva kokufa Bondarenko indodana yakhe nomkakhe bathuthela kusukela Star City Kharkiv. Kuze umfana engu-16 ubudala, umndeni ikhokhwe ruble 100 ngenyanga. Umzukulu hero lesi sihloko ezibizwa ngegama lakhe.

Museum of ngendiza yokuqala (Smolensk esifundeni, Gagarin) kufanele surdbarokamera. Kuyinto kule futhi wafa Bondarenko Valentin vasilevich, ogama biography seyenziwe ngenhla. Yokudumisa astronaut ngokuthi emgodini the Moon (ubukhulu 30 km). Futhi bomdabu Pilot School ezibizwa ngegama lakhe.

umlando Bondarenko kahle, i-Kharkiv izinkanyezi. Izivakashi njalo sibonise idokodo anikezelwe Valentin Vasilyevich. Galina Zhelezniak (umqondisi we izinkanyezi) liaises nendodana yakhe Bondarenko, ngubani manje uhlala futhi usebenza Star City. Wasezinikela esandleni Museum of Cosmonautics izinto ezimbalwa kayise: ikhasi izindaba zomuntu siqu, lempi esikoleni diploma, isithombe, Order of the Red Star ...