Varistor - kuyini? Varistors: izimiso ezisebenza, izinhlobo futhi isicelo

Varistor - kuyini, lapho esetshenziswa, futhi yini edingekayo? Lo msuka lezifunda elekthronikhi asetshenziswa akuvamile, ngakho igama lakhe wayengekho indlebe. Ake ulungise lokhu futhi simazi kangcono umsebenzi wakhe nokuthi zedivayisi.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

It has ukwahlukanisa kagesi, okuhambelana voltage bokuzisholo. Elinembile zingahluka kusuka ukubaluleka theory. Kodwa umsebenzi zizonikezwa uma ukuphambuka incane futhi esezingeni kuvunyelwe. Nokho Electrics ukuvelela, ngokuvamile uyahluleka ngenxa ishayela voltage. Ngakho ngokuthi kushintsha izici iphuzu elithile, lapho ukubuyisela yezinga yayo yasekuqaleni kungakapheli isikhathi esifushane. I pulses kungaba umbani futhi usuke. Ekuvikeleni iyehla iyenyuka ezinjalo, usebenzisa ezihlukahlukene amadivaysi, ezifana valve-uhlobo arresters, umshini, amaketanga nezinye izenzakalo ezingajabulisi eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi lo varistor impumelelo. Kuyini lokhu? Ngakho ngokuthi indlela ephumelelayo futhi eziphansi isivikelo pulses ukuthi kusekelwe nonlinear Semiconductor resistors. Umgomo we operation ilula: a varistor ixhunywe ku parallel imishini luvikelwe mode evamile, it is ehlaselwe voltage yokusebenzisa yedivaysi evikelwe. Lapho esiphuthumayo kwenzeka, uqala ukusebenza njengenhlangano yisivikelo. sici yabo esiwuphawu kuyinto ziyalingana futhi kahle kuchazwa non-eqondile yamanje yamandla aphindeke kabili isici.

izenzo varistor

Lapho i-pulse kwenzeka, apharathasi ngenxa izici nonlinearity ngokushesha kunciphisa ukumelana layo (Ohm namasheya) kanye shunts umthwalo. Ngakho-ke ivikelwe, futhi amandla okubanjwa kwashabalala njengoba ukushisa. Phakathi izinqubo ezinjalo uqhubeke varistor samanje amperes latinkhulungwane letinyentana. Uma ucabangela idivayisi cishe inertialess ngemva ishayela ucime, futhi iba kudivayisi resistive ngaphezulu. Ngakho, ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, akuphazamisi ukusebenza zikagesi. Kodwa kuyoba pulses of voltage eziyingozi, ke qiniseka - bona uyonquma. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuphepha ngisho ukwahlukanisa ababuthakathaka.

Amaphethini ethandwa kakhulu

Ekhuluma varistor, ukuthi kuyini, asinakulishalazela izinto kusuka kulo yakhiwa. Inqubo esetshenziswa kabanzi kumadivayisi ukuthi zenziwe zinc oxide. Lokhu kungenxa yezizathu eziningana:

1. yokukhiqiza lula.
2. Zinc has a ikhono omuhle ukuncela ephezulu voltage pulses.

ziyadalwa kobuchwepheshe "Ceramic", okubandakanya ukuphokophela, siqhumisa, isicelo se-electrode futhi ukwahlukanisa kagesi, inhlangano nokunamathisela ngomthofu izikhonkwane conformal ezinengilazi. Ngenxa lula ukwakhiwa ukuthi kungadalwa ngisho oda ngabanye.

wokugubha

Sine ukunakwa ngokwanele ikhokhwe ekutadisheni yini varistor. Labelling zale divayisi nzima, ngakho-ke yokufuna idivayisi ayikwazi kubonakala idatha ubekwe izindlu. Cabangela la kuleli Ngokwesibonelo: kukhona CNR-06D400K. CNR - yigama uhlobo, kulesi simo siba varistor oxide metal. 06 - it has a ububanzi of 6 kwangu. D - phambi kwethu a varistor disk. 400 - operation voltage. K - Lencwadi lithi kungenzeka ukuphambuka ukubekezelelana enephutha 10%. Uma sikhuluma ubuchwepheshe bama-computer, banayo varistors zenzelwe 470V. Ngiyavuma, okuningi. Kodwa akekho noyedwa varistor! Ukumaka lezi zinto siqhutshwa njalo nomkhiqizi ezinkulu ngendlela yalo, ngakho ukuqashelwa jikelele futhi okwakha imithetho lapho. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba usebenzise noma usebenzisa abathengisi, noma ukusebenzisa iziqondiso.

isithombe

Uma asifuni imishini washiswa, kubalulekile kithi varistor. Isikhundla kulombhalo libukeka i Resistor abajwayelekile, kodwa kukhona umugqa etshekile oluningi incwadi U. Kuthiwa ukusebenza kuyinto encike ngqo kwi izinga voltage. Kodwa mhlawumbe ngendlela ehlukile ukubheka varistor. Isikhundla kulombhalo isethwe njengoba RU ngaye, bese ukhombise izinombolo. Inombolo kuyinto nenombolo ye-serial, kodwa izinhlamvu ubheke igama idivayisi: a Resistor-varistor. Imininingwane ingase futhi ibe namagama. Lokhu singasho sithi ethandwa womkhiqizo wakuleli, okuyinto ekhiqizwa kule mboni "Inqubekela" e Ukhta. varistor Zabo uhlelo kungenziwa kuphawulwa izinhlamvu A kuya G.

Hlola isici ukusebenza

Lapha esinazo ezandleni varistor. Kanjani ukuhlola uma usebenza? Umsuka njalo kunesidingo kusuka ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle. Kufanele babheke ngokucophelela ukuthi izindlu aqhephukile, esiqhekekile blackening noma iminonjana umule. Uma kukhona ukukhubazeka zangaphandle ke lokhu sodwa kusikisela ukuthi isici kufanele esikhundleni noma cha nhlobo. Uma ukuhlolwa abuthole izinkinga, wena-ke usukulungele ukuhlola multimeter. Kulokhu, lo umhloli kumele ushintshele imodi nesilinganiso, ukumelana esiphezulu. Yilokho indlela elula ukutshela uma isisebenzi varistor. Kanjani ukuhlola uma usebenza, sesikubonile ezimboziwe, ake sixoxe ngendlela eyolanda izakhi ezidingekayo.

Optimum yokusebenza mode

Ngenxa linearity okusezingeni eliphezulu zedivayisi ukuthola izilungiselelo kangcono isikimu - akuwona umsebenzi olula. Ukuze izibalo le njongo kunalokho xaka futhi eziningi. ukubaluleka Omkhulu kuleli cala eyadlalwa yokusebenza yamanje, ukubaluleka okufanele okuncane kanye aliholeli okweqile zedivayisi. Kodwa lapha kubalulekile ukulinganisela phakathi kwemithwalo yakho. Phela, uma usebenzisa liphansi kakhulu yokusebenza yamanje, kuyoba ukukhuphula umkhawulo voltage iyunithi ngeke ukwenza umsebenzi walo eziyisisekelo. Njengoba "oyivila" 'samuntu bengahlala isimiso ezisebenza voltage ngqo ngeke sidlule izikhathi 0.85 embundwini varistor. Nokho, le ndlela elula awusebenzi kakhulu umkhuba. Phela, msebenzi Mov ethize, futhi umphumela oyifunayo, futhi kwenkululeko imikhawulo kufanele kukhethwe ngamunye Icala ethize.

Ukukhethwa kanye ukufakwa

Mayelana iqiniso lokuthi varistors kufanele ibekwe kuhambisana evikelwe zikagesi, siye kakade okukhulunywa. Indawo lapho uya khona kakhulu ayethanda obandayo varistors iyindawo emva idivayisi usuke (uma ulibuka lomthwalo okufanele avikelwe). Njengoba isibonelo izixazululo siphelile kungaholela imikhiqizo ye eshiwo ngaphambili "Inqubekela" isitshalo okuthiwa "Impulse-1." Lokhu varistor yakhelwe ukuba kuvikelwe ukuba iphaneli kagesi. Siyabonga kuye, ungavele nokuqalisa ezintathu okhombisa Ukuvikelwa umthwalo uhlelo nge elibona nxazonke "inkanyezi" noma "unxantathu". Nomake ukhetha ukuvikelwa ukufaka kagesi 3, okuyinto anikwe amandla inethiwekhi ezintathu okhombisa.

amapharamitha

Ekhuluma varistor, ukuthi kuyini, asinakulishalazela izici zayo ukuthi ibalulekile umsebenzi wakho?

1. Ukwahlukanisa voltage. Ngakho sikubiza ukubaluleka okuthi samanje 1 MA kugeleza idivayisi.
2. Umkhawulo kuvunyelwe kushintshana voltage. Lokhu kusho ukubaluleka lapho varistor isivuliwe futhi siqala ukugcwalisa umsebenzi olwawuvikele.
3. Umkhawulo kuvunyelwe voltage okuqhubekayo. I efanayo version odlule. Kodwa kulokhu kuziwa emsebenzini nge zamanje njalo.
4. Umkhawulo voltage imikhawulo. Loku ngiko lapho varistor ongasebenza ngaphandle umonakalo. Njengomthetho, it is ecacisiwe ngokuhlukile namanani ahlukene zamanje. Uma weqa lokhu nenani, varistor qhahaza ngesigamu noma baphula.
5. Umkhawulo ugxile amandla. Okubonisiwe Joules. Ingabe seqiwe ngamandla kwenhliziyo amandla ukuthi kungenziwa kwashabalala ngumuntu varistor ngesimo ukushisa ngaphandle usongo ukubhubhisa kudivayisi uqobo.
6. Impendulo isikhathi. Lokhu span okuyiwona idivayisi ihamba esimweni esisodwa kuya kwesinye, uma esiphezulu voltage kuvunyelwe seqiwe. Ngokuvamile ulinganiswa amashumi nanoseconds.
7. Ukubekezelelana. Lokhu value ushintsho okuyiwona ziqu varistor voltage kubhekwa evamile. Njalo wezwakalisa njengoba amaphesenti. Njengoba kungaqondakala kusukela sihloko esingenhla, lolu khetho kuboniswa incwadi ekupheleni nekukumakwa.

ukusetshenziswa

Ake sicabangele, isibonelo, inethiwekhi 220 volts. Ngoba uzobe elungiselelwe amadivaysi ezibanga voltage kuyinto 275-420V ububanzi (kodwa zikhona ezinye imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe, ngeke uthinte). Ngenxa isihlungi umugqa isetshenziswa ezintathu varistor. Bona ukuvimba Ukungena pulses kanye wesifunda zero-isigaba. Kodwa kungani bobathathu? It ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi le mibiko ukushelela izinkinga, ngenxa kuyo izinkulungwane zabantu elahlekile electronics yabo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho, esikhundleni sokuba zero kanye isigaba-by-wire umbuzo kuphela yokugcina. Ukuze imishini cishe njalo lokufa. Kodwa ukuba khona varistor at zero ukuvikela ngempumelelo ngokumelene izimo ezinjalo. Ngo isibonelo engokomfanekiso, omakhalekhukhwini. Ngakho kungukuthi kushaywa, usebenzisa miniature varistors multilayer. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungatholakala imishini Telecom kanye electronics yezimoto.