-X-ray apharathasi: izinhlobo kudivayisi. Ukwahlukanisa imishini-X-ray

Kwezokwelapha, ukusungulwa i ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe usebenzisa ezihlukahlukene kumadivayisi ezahlukene kakhulu. Lokhu imishini laser, ultrasound scanner, rheographs, zonke izinhlobo computer nabanye. Hhayi indawo lokugcina kuhlu ithatha umshini-X-ray. It has a ezahlukene kwezicelo futhi usiza ukwakha swe kahle inkambo isifo.

Uyini nemishini-X-ray

Umshini-X-ray kuyinto apharathasi ngoba ekushayweni imisebe enemisebe. It ihlukaniswe yaba-X-ray zokuxilonga nokwelapha imishini. Idivayisi ayixhunyiwe -X-ray ifakwe ezihlukahlukene Amadivayisi electro-optical ukuhlola wonke umzimba noma ezinye endaweni yayo. Yenza hhayi kuphela Yisithombe umzimba, kodwa futhi zangisiza ekwenzeni ifilimu mayelana nesimo se-wonke umzimba. kudivayisi Radiotherapeutic isetshenziswa ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngoba umphumela olukha phezulu futhi ijulile phezu lesion.

-X-ray zokuxilonga kudivayisi iyunithi

-X-ray imishini zokuxilonga siqukethe le izingxenye ezilandelayo:

• -X-ray tube, okuyinto, kuye ngokuthi model, nemingcele ezahlukene namandla.
• Amandla kagesi.
• Ukwehlisa futhi ukhulisa Transformers zamanje.
• Valve tube rectifier iguqula AC amandla DC amandla.
• Idivayisi oguqula X-ray ku isithombe.
• uhlelo lokuvikela kubasebenzi neziguli (nge gumbi prosvintsovannym camera prosvintsovannye amaphinifa, izihlangu, amagilavu kanye nokunye okufana nalokho. D.).
• tripod uhlelo nezinye izindlela ukuze usize ukuphenya isiguli eendaweni ezihlukahlukeneko.
• isihenqo fluorescent.
• Amajaji yokulawula ngesimo itafula lapho kukhona ukushintshwa, yokuguquguqula sekuqalile yokulinganisa amadivaysi.

Zonke izici ngenkuthalo nihlanganyele, ukuqinisekisa ekusebenzeni kwaso sonke isimiso sezinto.

Isimiso ezisebenza zedivayisi

-X-ray apharathasi has ukusebenza indlela elandelayo. X-ray edabula indawo yocwaningo, uthola ngaphambili kwesikrini futhi icuphe kukhanya yayo. I photocathode edonsa electrode ukuthi ngenxa ithonya kagesi emkhakheni hambisa okukhiphayo ezincane esibukweni. Kule ngxenye imishini kagesi isithombe is ibe ukukhanya.

Ngesisekelo-X-ray ukukhanya isithombe kukhona izici ezimbili kufanele kube. Lokhu ukuvelela yokucucuza elikhanyayo esikrinini encane ngezithukuthuku okwandisa voltage esikhaleni phakathi ekhombisa ezinkulu nezincane kanye nokunciphisa electron-optical yesithombe. Kule nqubo, ukukhanya kwesikrini iyakhula izikhathi 7000, kanye isilinganiso ukunciphisa iba elilingana 10-14 amayunithi inkomba.

Ngokusebenzisa i-zoom-electron-optical, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa izakhi afika ku 0.5 mm. On okwandisa ububanzi kuthinta sha imishini. I emikhulu usayizi, ayanda wena beka unit.

sphere kwesicelo

X-ray elisetshenziswa-X-ray ensimini, futhi zokwelapha. Amandla aso zinqanda ukukhula izimila kabanzi lisetshenziswe ekwelapheni zabasiza abathile abanomdlavuza. Ngaphezu imithi, ama-X ray asetshenziswe ubunjiniyela emkhakheni, materials science kanye crystallography. Akuthintayo kwamakhemikhali ne-biochemistry. Ukusebenzisa ezikhethekile imishini-X-ray embonini. Ngosizo X-ray beveza amaphutha uzibophezele ngesikhathi umkhiqizo womshini. Ngokwesibonelo, phezu komzila, ezinkulu Welding. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi icala ukuthola. Sebenzisa amadivayisi nge-X-ray (-X-ray introscope) esikhumulweni sezindiza futhi sesitimela eThembalihle, kanye ezindaweni ne lokuhlala ezinkulu zabantu, ukuthi kulapho ufuna ukubona isandla sakho imithwalo kanye umthwalo ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha jikelele.

Izinzuzo usebenzisa imishini-X-ray

Medical-X-ray imishini ngaphandle itafula, kanye nemishini nge control, babe izici ezithile ezinhle. isicelo. Kuyinto ulwazi kanye nekutfolakala lula. Le ndlela ibizwa kushintshwe mayelana 60-80% azo zonke izifo emikhakheni efana Gastroenterology, Pulmonology, traumatology, Urology nabanye.

Popular ukuthuthukiswa ikhompyutha, ngokusekelwe ngesisekelo yobuchwepheshe bama-electronic kanye sekhompiyutha, yezindlela zesimanje digital processing image wenze indawo a okuthuthukile ze-X ray. Ngakho-ke, zonke Ochwepheshe yesimanje abafanelekayo uzama ukusebenzisa imishini efanayo umsebenzi wabo.

Okumbi imishini-X-ray

I yokuntula imishini-X-ray zihlanganisa ukukhanya ongaphakeme nekuphikisana kwesikrini Fluorescent. Bavale isikhala lesi sikhashana ne dark lithathelwe iso onguchwepheshe. Kube elahlekile ingxenye enkulu izingxenye ezincane. Omunye ethile ebalulekile ibizwa ngokuthi emisebeni ukuchayeka eqinile isiguli kanye nabo bonke abasebenzi yokusebenza.

imishini-X-ray: izinhlobo

Zonke imishini-X-ray uhlukaniswe izigaba. Ngakho, kukhona ngezigaba apharathasi-X-ray, kuye ngezinga of ukuhamba:

• Elimile. Lapha, imishini ye-X ray isetshenziswa ikamelo esikhethekile zokuxilonga (esibhedlela).
• Mobile. Kubandakanya amadivayisi zingasuswa emhlabeni esibhedlela bese uyiswa ukuthutha separable futhi okungezona fomu.
• Ephathekayo. amandla okuphansi neselula. Zingasetshenziswa kokubili ekhaya nakwezinye izindawo.

Futhi, yonke imishini sehlukaniswe amadivayisi jikelele-njongo kanye ethize-X-ray amadivaysi. Izinhlobo (ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka imisebenzi yabo) yilezi:

• Angiography, cwaningo semithambo conductive ngu zokuhlanganisa therein isakhi esithile esikhethekile.
• imishini yamazinyo ukwenza izithombe ezibonakalayo ngesikhathi sinye kokubili emihlathini.
• Ukusebenza imishini-X-ray, wadala ukulandelela izinqubo zokuhlinza.
• ama-apharathasi Fluorography. Kukhona fixed kanye mobile.
• Tomograph.
• imishini Radiotherapeutic ukwelapha imisebe enemisebe.

Elimile imishini-X-ray

Avamile-X-ray apharathasi kuyinto apharathasi eziyinkimbinkimbi benawo izakhi ezahlukene electromechanical. Kukhona jikelele (multidimensional) kanye ezikhethekile imishini-X-ray. I wire kuqala jikelele ukuhlola umonakalo omkhulu obangelwa imisebe. Lokhu translucence, imisebe yokukhanya, ithambo, pheshana emathunjini, kanye nabanye. Lesi sakamuva nento emincane. Asetshenziswa angiography, tomography, x-ray kanye nezinye emikhakheni yezokwelapha.

amayunithi okunjalo zenzelwe imisebenzi emibili noma ngaphezulu. Have a turntable, tripod kanye tripod inqubo. transhalter Special kuyasiza ukwandisa umsebenzi zingena ngantathu noma ngazine izikhundla. Kulesi isithwebuli lwesithathu uzobe wenzela emitter Eyesine angiography nezinye ukuhlola.

imishini ephathekayo

Mobile-X-ray imishini zihlukaniswe lesigceme, ensimini futhi egoqekayo. Amakomidi ingashintshwa ukuze asebenze ngaphakathi kwezindonga esibhedlela luhlolo iziguli esigcemeni. Inkambu isetshenziswa endaweni evulekile. Basuke ukukhwezwa iqhubekele ezokuthutha ekhethekile (izimoto, imikhumbi, wesitimela izimoto). Ifakwe oluzinikeza amandla, indawo ukuthunyelwa imishini futhi laboratory lalo.

Ukuze emkhakheni-X-ray amayunithi ube nalezi zimfuneko ezilandelayo:

• amabhokisi imishini kumele kube Friend kanye nokuvikela iyunithi kusuka uthuli futhi umswakama;
• zonke izingxenye ngesikhathi inhlangano kumele kuvikelwe kahle ukuhambisa ngokusebenzisa imigwaqo ensimini, ujantshi kolwandle;
• okushisa ku ekupha -40 ... +40 ° C akumelwe kuthinte izinga zedivayisi operation, ukugcinwa kanye ezokuthutha;
• inhlangano Ukudilizwa wenziwa ngaphakathi imizuzu engamashumi amathathu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile.

Ngo sokuthula, zonke ensimini imishini x-ray esetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa okwenziwa abantu abavamile noma ngokuba-X-ray izifundo zokuxilonga e zindawo ezikude kakhulu.

Ephathekayo amadivayisi-X-ray

Imishini enjalo isetshenziselwa isivivinyo esilula zokuxilonga. Ngokwesibonelo, e-ambulensi noma eziphuthumayo egunjini. Ngokuvamile basebenzisa ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa ekhaya nokuhlola abagula ngokuhlolisisa abangakwazi ukuthutha ngokuzimela. Zisetshenziswa amazinyo.

Amadivayisi anjalo kulula futhi ezincane. Afakwe amapotimende ezimbili ezincane, ayakwazi ukuthuthela umuntu oyedwa. Safe futhi ube emisebeni omncane. Abaningi babo - digital, ukusebenza ubuhlobo obuseduze uhlelo kukhompyutha. nesilinganiso onembile zisetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene imithi. Abanalo yobudala, ngakho, ngokungafani izakhiwo mobile futhi umile ingasetshenziswa ukukhomba izifo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane ezisencane.

The Machine Siemens Myltekc

-X-ray umshini Siemens Myltekc wadedelwa ngo-2010. Kuphela liqukethe eliphezulu futhi izingxenye ezintsha. Imishini kungenziwa kalula ukufakwa noma iliphi igumbi. Lolu hlelo-X-ray ivumela ukwandisa umthamo, ukuthuthukisa izinga kwezomnotho esibhedlela. Liqinisekisa ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Izinzuzo esemqoka ubuciko zihlanganisa:

• Uhlelo compact;
• ukumisa nezimo;
• Kuyashesha futhi umhlangano lula;
• uthinta isikrini;
• ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu;
• kakhulu ikhwalithi yesithombe;
• indawo ukhululekile iziguli;
• iphesenti eliphansi njalo yokuchayeka emisebeni ye.

Idivayisi siqukethe itafula ephathekayo, tube, ukuma mpo, umtshina, uhlelo lwe-computer. Lokhu imishini zobuchwepheshe elihlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso izinga.

Isisetshenziswa "Amiko Arhp"

-X-ray apharathasi zokuxilonga a mobile kuhlinzwa "Arhp Amico" kuyinto mobile-X-ray imishini kuhlinzwa. VHT yakhelwe okusekelwe yesibili be-CCD ejwayelekile kokuba 1024x1024 nemingcele. Iyunithi ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa imisebenzi besisu futhi kuhlinzwa. Akuthintayo e traumatology, Urology futhi Endoscopy.

Ukuguqulwa entsha kule divayisi ithuthukisa nesineke. It ikuvumela ukuba uthumele futhi bashise 1024x1024 format izithombe 25 ngesekhondi. Ukujula ukuguqulwa analog izinkomba digital dostegaet 12 izingcezu. Kunwetshwa kwenkululeko umthelela C-ingalo engafiseleki esengeziwe manipulation ohlinzayo. Modern information processing kanye storage of idatha kwandisa izinga lomsebenzi.

Ngo umshini yesimanje "Arhp-Amico" Kukhona izindlela ezine eziyisisekelo. Lena okuqhubekayo, ishayela, digital futhi ifilimu X-ray. Lapha, lula umsebenzi nge izithombe. It anda ubukhulu egciniwe. Manje ungakwazi ubhalele zasemoyeni. imishini okuthuthukisiwe.

imishini yesimanje-X-ray

Modern imishini-X-ray ikhiqizwa ngesimo izinhlelo ezinkulu umile. Bahlanganisa lokubolekwa eziningana, okuyinto ingafakwa amakhabethe ehlukile noma nezinamathiselo ahlukene amadivayisi. Lindela inombolo vo ezahlukene. Ukuze bokwenza Main lokhu design kuzomele sifake commonality yazo zonke ISIZINDA. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kunesidingo, ungahlala oda kweyunithi ezengeziwe, imingcele afanele ehhovisi, lapho cwaningo-X-ray kuyokwenzeka.

izinhlelo Modern inkinga-X-ray ifakwe imishini ekhethekile evumela ukwenza tomography, noma elektrokimografiyu kymograph. Ingabe ama-electron-optical amplifier okuvumela kuzuzwe ukugqama ethile yesithombe, ngaleyo ndlela ukunciphisa umthwalo osabalalayo emzimbeni. Ngokugcwele noma ingxenye ukushintsha inqubo umsebenzi.

Ukuthuthukiswa lobuchwepheshe -X-ray ukuhlola evumela ukuthuthukisa imishini ubudala. Kukhona umthamo ukwakha esikhundleni amayunithi. imitshina Special asetshenziselwa ukusiza uthole isithombe esikrinini ukubonisa futhi ulithumele abezindaba kazibuthe. Kukhona Ukuyekwa kancane kancane imishini ifilimu. Lokhu isici iyehlisa ngemiphumela elimazayo engase ibangelwe imisebe umuntu ngamunye. Kuyasiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi inhlolovo futhi kunciphisa tindleko izinqubo-X-ray.