Yiluphi ulimi olukhulunywa e-Ireland? Luyini ulimi Gaelic?

Ireland - ke iyizwe elincane kakhulu. endaweni yaso sq ayizinkulungwane 70.2 kuphela. M. km. Izwe ihlanganisa izifundazwe 4 no-26 izifunda. 6 izifunda ngaphezulu basonta UK. Ezikoleni jikelele e-Ireland ukufundisa ngolimi, kodwa abathweswe iziqu ujwayelene nalo mayelana kanye bayazi ngolimi lwesiNgisi zesikole Russian.

Yiluphi ulimi olukhulunywa e-Ireland?

Empeleni, kuleli zwe has izilimi ezimbili ezisemthethweni - okubizwa ngokuthi Gaelic nesiNgisi. Native Irish - Gaelic (aka Celtic) - kungokwalabo iqembu elikhulu izilimi Indo-European. Kuthathwa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yomlando Celtic. Kodwa kuze kube manje, ulimi Celtic izakhamizi esetshenziswa iningi Isle of Man. Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi VI. BC. e. lolu limi walethwa Ireland Njengoba izakhamuzi Celtic. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uye kubantu bayo zomdabu. Ngiphakathi ababaleki zaseScandinavia noma anglo-norman abakwazi ukushintsha ulimi besho e-Ireland.

Umlando, kuthinte ukusetshenziswa kolimi

Kodwa izenzakalo ezalandela yathonya ukusatshalaliswa Irish kukho okubi. Isigaba esilandelayo yezilimi Ireland - kuyinto ekunqotshweni Tudor futhi Stuart. Bona wawuqala 1534 iminyaka 1610 futhi waba nesandla ukucindezelwa wamaCelt zezigodi e-Ireland. Ngo-1654 lapho kudala isiphetho yayo U-Oliver Cromwell. Leli qiniso futhi nomthelela ongemuhle ukusetshenziswa kwansuku ulimi Gaelic. Eziwohlokayo isikhundla lapho kwemukelwa Criminal Code e 1695, futhi impi velyamitami. Ngakho, inani lalabo abakhuluma ulimi Irish, kwaba sincipha isibalo sawo.

Ukulwela ukukhipha kubuye Gaelic

Ukuze sithole kahle ukuthi ulimi olukhulunywa e-Ireland, sikhumbule okulandelayo: Gaelic, Ireland kuyiqiniso, empeleni lwesigodi balethwa kule ndawo Celtic. Ulimi abaseduze cognate ezenzweni Gaelic Scottish. Ukuze kabusha popularize ukusetshenziswa kwaso, okubizwa ngokuthi Gaelic League yasungulwa ngasekupheleni XIX leminyaka. Kuze kube namuhla e-Ireland esetshenziswa lenqwaba izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu waphinde wakhuluma ngolimi lwakubo. ulimi Celtic empeleni kuyadingeka ukuze ekutadisheni zonke nabezombusazwe.

Nokho, naphezu kwakho konke izinyathelo e-Ireland namanje indima enkulu ukuxhumana kudlala ngesiNgisi. Ngakho-ke asikwazi ukuphendula ngokucacile lo mbuzo: "? Yiluphi ulimi olukhulunywa e-Ireland." Ulimi olusemthethweni lapha - Irish (kanye ngesiNgisi). Kodwa lena kuphela incwadi yomthetho. Phela, iningi labantu, naphezu kwemizamo emihle iziphathimandla Namanje asilwazi lolu limi. I version zakudala ulimi Gaelic isebenzisa kuphela inombolo encane Irish yobuhlanga. Ngisho isiFulentshi lapha has inombolo enkulu yabantu - 20%. IsiNgisi lasetshenziswa enkulumweni yansuku zonke Iningi - 94%. Futhi naphezu kwalokhu, u-70% ungacabangi English ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko.

Zezigodi Gaelic samuntu ezivamile futhi

Ukuze uqonde ulimi olukhulunywa e-Ireland kufanele kunakwe futhi izilimi zezigodi. Engxenyeni esenyakatho ethandwayo Ulster nokugqamisa wezwe. Entshonalanga ke konnahtsky. Engxenyeni eseningizimu ye abantu base-Ireland ixhumana usebenzisa Munster lwesigodi. Nakuba kwekuhlela kabusha eziningi esedale inguqulo eyodwa ulimi Irish. Unyathelisa zonke izincwadi kanye namaphephandaba, futhi kuba okujwayelekile luhlolo wezizwe ulimi Gaelic. Okwamanje, ama-apharathasi uhulumeni e lonke elase-Ireland uzama ukukhuthaza Gaelic. Ngo izifunda eziningi, ngokwesibonelo, uvimbela isicelo kwi amagama ibalazwe kanye nezimpawu zomgwaqo ngesiNgisi.

Kukhona ezinye umehluko indlela ulimi olukhulunywa e-Ireland neScotland. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba Scotland baba ingxenye United Kingdom, ulimi olusemthethweni, yebo, English. Kodwa hhayi kuye kuphela. Phakathi umphakathi kukhona futhi zihlanganisa izilimi ezimbili: okokuqala, kuba Anglo-Scottish, okwesibili, Celtic-Scottish (aka-Scottish Gaelic) limi. Kugcine wafika endaweni yeScotland eside ngaphambi Anglo-Scottish. iminyaka engamakhulu ayisikhombisa edlule, bathi wayeyingane efana nezinye olusemthethweni kuleli zwe.

Izici Celtic

Lolu limi uhlobo lomkhuba kwezilimi isihloko ososayensi eziningi ucwaningo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngolimi Gaelic ayinakho isigaba 'yokuba "njengoba enjalo. Uma Irishman yobuhlanga afuna ukukusho "Nginezwi eliyimfihlo engingathanda amadola angamakhulu," ngeke kuzwakale sengathi Russian: "Nginokudla engikudlayo eziyikhulu zamarandi namuhla." Kodwa Gaelic akuyona lowo mbono, okuyinto esashiwo isenzo IsiZulu ukuba (ukuba). Ukuze inkulumo ethi "Ngiyesaba" lilingana Gaelic ka "kukhona ukwesaba kwami." "Ngiyakuthanda" izwakale into efana "Ngo kimi uthando kuwe." Lokho kube manje ulimi olukhulunywa e-Ireland zingase zibonise izici wefilosofi ezivamile ukuba abantu bazo zonke izizwe.

Ikusasa ulimi

Ososayensi bathi kwakheka amathuba ukuzwa ulimi Celtic e-Ireland namuhla amathuba lapha sibhekene isiMandarin saseChina accent. Gaelic kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa umlando wezwe futhi ibonisa inkathi kakade eside yamuka - nalezo bahluke ngokuphelele isikhathi lanamuhla. Nokho, izinkondlo best of Ireland zalotshwa Gaelic. Nakuba kunjalo, yebo, akunakwenzeka ukuba nodumo babe okuxoxa, kodwa imfundiso sithuthukiswe ezikoleni nasemanyuvesi lungapheli zinyamalale ngokuphelele Gaelic emangalisayo.