Adume emajele Russian - "Ukuthula Sailor sika"

Peter mina ibhange kwesokudla lomfula Yauza itilosi sifakwe Colony. Leli qiniso awunika igama emgwaqweni elisemandleni parallel emfuleni. Futhi kusukela esikhathini uCatherine II wahlala amadoda lapho ubudala, indlu sabizwa ngokuthi itilosi. Izakhamuzi wazama silondoloze ukuthula futhi Almshouse abadala wadlula buthule. Ngakho igama emgwaqweni ukuze ungeze nezwi elilodwa elengeziwe lokuphendula. Futhi manje yena wayebizwa ngokuthi Ukuthula Sailor sika. Kamuva kwaba khona ejele lapha, eyaziwa ngokuthi i- "Ukuthula Sailor sika".

Patrimony

"Ukuthula Sailor sika" Ejele sihlehlela emuva 1775. Khona-ke, ngomthetho uCatherine II endaweni lapho esikhungweni avelelwe namuhla, indlu lavulwa ngaphansi kwesivikelo Inkampani kwabaphiwayo "prederzostnyh". Njengenjwayelo emajele isiRashiya, futhi kamuva, iSonto Lobu-Orthodox, "Bonke Nosizi" lanikezelwa ngo-1850, kulesi sakhiwo, futhi ngekhulu leminyaka lamashumi amabili kwabonakala insimbi-umbhoshongo.

Indlu "prederzostnyh" e esimweni saso sokuqala khona isikhathi esithile esifushane. Kakade ngawo-1870-ke Yaphinde yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-Moscow Ukulungisa Insita. Lesi sikhungo esisha lwenzelwe abesifazane 150 kanye nabantu abayi-300. Injongo ejele ezamenyezelwa 'ukunikeza ezandleni lo msebenzi wodweshu ezaziwayo. " Wodweshu, esikhundleni salokho, kubhekwa iziboshwa - izigebengu kuyinto engasho lutho, amasela, abakhohlisi.

Kancane kancane wanweba indawo wetilongo. Ngo-1912, wezakhiwo B. A. Alberti ejele entsha zakhiwo zaklama futhi zakha izindawo. Futhi ngo-1917 isikhungo waya ukuphelelwa yimali.

Ngo-1918, ephinda eboshwa wahlupheka uhlobo sokupheleliswa kwezinto. Esikhathini isikhungo, ngesisekelo isikhungo ezikhona kwezimilo, uMnyango Central of NKJU ingajezisa sidalwe wezinguquko. Kwakuyisikhathi uhlobo sokuqondisa izigwegwe kanye noma ukuchema kuzo yezokwelapha futhi Pedagogical. Thina nikwenza ukuqeqeshwa, kabusha imfundo nesokulungiselela impilo intsha abaneminyaka engu 17 kuya ku-21 ukusebenza. Nokho, abashisekeli bezinguquko eziqhutshwa isikhathi esifushane. Phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-11, ngo-1919, ababange besaba khona.

Njengoba idatha ezigciniwe, indaba ngokwayo ejele "Ukuthula Sailor sika" waqala ekupheleni kuka-1946. Kusayithi we yisivikelo ababekhona kwakukhona no Kozhevnicheskaya ikoloni. Njengoba koloni zezingane kusukela ngo-1945 laqala ukushintsha, ngesikhathi kwesisekelo salo eyasungulwa inombolo Ejele 14 eHhovisi Wezangaphakathi esifundeni laseMoscow.

umsebenzi wokwakha kabusha

Kusukela ngomhla ka-1947, endaweni izikhungo ezimbili babe amasayithi ebucayi, lo housings lokuqala nelesibili, ngokulandelana. Ejele "Ukuthula Sailor sika" ngesikhathi esifanayo kungathatha iziboshwa ezingaphezu kuka-2,000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-isikhungo nabo bebekhona izindlu:

• Igumbi kubhayela, okuyinto liqhubeka ukusebenza namuhla;
• eyakhelwe izinkuni isakhiwo yokuhlala emabhalekisini, abasebenzi sokukhomba;
• ekuphathweni izindlu;
• emabhalekisini abasebenzi.

Walks iziboshwa ifakwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile ensimini ka egcekeni inkonzo. Pleasure egcekeni bunjengokubonakala embuthanweni, kuhlanganise ipherimitha ivalwe ocingweni lamapulangwe. Onogada phezu kwemibhoshongo nasezingosini, ngaphandle kwenziwa amabutho yangaphakathi besigaba BaseMoscow Bogorodsk.

Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, ngo-1949, yayakhiwe isakhiwo lwesithathu wokugcinwa iziboshwa. Wayefanele isimo ejele elinesimiso sokulondeka, futhi kwadingeka yokungena ayo (ukusuka enomborweni zengqondo esibhedlela 3), kanye ababaphethe nokuvikelwa ngabanye. Advantageously therein aboshiwe okulindile ikundla amaNazi yicala izigebengu futhi isebenza Special Ministry Technical Wezangaphakathi Bureau (abasunguli, abaklami onjiniyela). Abantu ejele babizwa ngokuthi "Amahhovisi cowboy." ukuphila Umniningwane kwesinye salezi "sharashek" bale midlalo echazwe encwadini yakhe "The First Circle," uSolzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaakievich.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-1950, iminyaka emibili, isakhiwo sokuphatha iguqulwe ejele. I lokuqala nelesibili izinto umbuso kulekelelwa 4th kanye phansi 5th futhi igceke lasejele lokuzivocavoca. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke yicala baphathe ukuhamba ensimini kwaletinkhantolo, esisogwini ophahleni lwezakhiwo.

Ekuqaleni kwawo-50-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule, izinqumo zokuphatha ukwehlukana kulezi zikhungo emzini futhi zesifunda, kuhilelani isidingo sokwandisa Emajele inombolo 14. Kule ndaba, ke iqanjwe kabusha inombolo Ejele 1, owaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu njengoba esejele, "Sailor ukuthula. "

Ngemva kokufa Berii L. P. kusuka 1953 uma kwenzeka inombolo 3 izingane aboshiwe. Isevisi Ejele usinikeza ukuqeqeshwa intsha (iziboshwa waba nethuba ukuthola imfundo yesibili), umsebenzi - iziboshwa engamahlongandlebe usebenza workshop ejele, ezimvilophini ekhiqizwa, Christmas amathoyizi kanye nezinye izimpahla umthengi. Imali wathola kungenziwa wachitha izidingo zabo, ezuza ngendlela Itafula imikhiqizo etholakala. ejele Izingane wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-1997. Ngemva kwanqunywa ukuba ubambe kabusha kanye nokulungiswa umzimba lwesithathu. Futhi ngo-1999 waba umnyango tuberculous ngesikhathi esibhedlela sasejele.

Isibhedlela kakhulu efanayo iziboshwa wabekwa izakhiwo salungisa futhi alungisa Ezezindlu yangaphambili ejele izikhulu. Yezefundo ukhonza hhayi kuphela "Ukuthula Sailor sika", kodwa zonke izikhungo avelelwe eMoscow. Isibhedlela has mayelana 706 kwemibhede ezibhedlela (iziponji).

Eshumini leminyaka elidlule ku "Ukuthula Sailor sika" njalo kwenziwe ukwakhiwa nokulungiswa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene:

• ngo-1997, thina baqasha ezinye izinkampani ukuba umnyango iIgama (ifakwe imishini yesimanje);
• ngo-1987 - CTP;
• kuqala 90 elilungisiwe izindlu lwesithathu;
• maphakathi nawo-kowezi-2000 zakhuthaza kulungiswe yokuqala enkulu izindlu ejele
• e ukuthobela imithetho yenhlanzeko, amakhamera ahlomele agweba futhi untried;
• umsebenzi amayadi angu embozwe uphahla;
• namuhla benza yokulungiswa ezinkulu isakhiwo wejele yesibili.

Ngokusho ukuphathwa inkonzo ejele, njalo kwenziwa umsebenzi odingekayo ukuze asekele ukusungulwa izakhiwo zisesimweni esihle. Namuhla jele "Ukuthula Sailor sika" siqukethe 7 izakhiwo.

inombolo nekuBuyiselwa ejele 1 FSIN Russia

Usuku ezisemthethweni ukudalwa inombolo ukuboshwa isikhungo 1 bakholwe 1 Septhemba 1985. Ngu oda inombolo eU.SSR Ministry Interior avelelwe isikhungo 1 ngesisekelo lesikhombisa isakhiwo umbuso usuqinisiwe ejele. Abantu inyoka isikhathi eside kulesi sikhungo wethiwa "Ukuthula Sailor sika". Ikheli: Moscow, Sailor sika Ukuthula st, indlu 18. Itholakala Eastern District yenhloko-dolobha. Inani endaweni lesikhungo - 41.438 sq. m.

Ekuqaleni, umkhawulo weziboshwa, okungase kuhlanganise ejele, akazange idlule abantu 200. Jail yayihloselwe ukuhlukanisa inkathi uphenyo nokuqulwa kwecala lakhe abantu okuyiwona-ke kwakudingekile ukuba ukwamukelwa of esiqinile ukubhekwa izinyathelo.

Ngo-2001, ukugxila namazinga omhlaba usayizi endaweni wagxila kulowo eziqukethwe Ekuphetheni, ke kukhawulwe ngokugcwalisa ejele.

Kodwa, ngeshwa, cishe imithetho ilandelwa cha. Ngokusho idatha esemthethweni, inombolo ukuboshwa isikhungo 1 yakhelwe 2013 abantu, kodwa okuqukethwe real sidlula lesi sibalo by 21.3% kanye zaba abantu 2441.

Njengamanje, kokuba uchungechunge ekuqambeni kabusha zonke iminyaka ukhona, kweSikole Penitentiary Izikhungo Yaphinde yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-Federal isikhungo kahulumeni "inombolo Ukuvalela 1 Federal Penitentiary Izikhungo Russia" (isifinyezo PKU ejele-1 FSIN yeRussia).

Ngaphezu ejele 1, eMoscow unezinye izikhungo eziyisikhombisa ejele. Phakathi kwabo kukhona okungenani owaziwa "Butyrka" futhi "Lefortovo".

ziboshwa ezase eqaphelekayo

Akumangalisi esihlalweni omunye edume kakhulu emajele Russian kwaba eMoscow. "Ukuthula Sailor sika" - esiqinile umbuso into. Ngokuhamba yonke inkathi ukusebenza kwawo eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni amacala amathathu kuphela yokuphunyuka yimpumelelo:

• Juni 5, 1995 - umhlanganyeli elilodwa yamaqembu A. V Solonika;
• Meyi 2, 2004 - Escape isakhamuzi S. Ershov, ngubani uboshiwe usuku olulodwa;
• Meyi 7, 2013, ngo-usole nge isisebenzi esikhungweni avelelwe, wagijima isela nombulali O. Topalov, wayenokuqonda futhi kamuva waboshwa.

Uhlu iziboshwa eyaziwa, owayephakathi ukukhonza isigwebo sakhe ku "Ukuthula Sailor sika" libanzi. Phakathi kwabo - osopolitiki Soviet Yanaev G. I. no Yazov D. T., osomabhizinisi Lebedev P. L. futhi Hodorkovskiy M. B., Mavrodi SP nabanye abaningi.

yesimanjemanje

Namuhla jele "Ukuthula Sailor sika" kunemibandela ivulekele abezindaba nezinhlangano ezihlukahlukene umphakathi. Ngezikhathi, khona Kwenziwa uhlobo izinkambo yakhelwe ukukhombisa ukuphila nemibandela yeziboshwa iziboshwa.

Ngokwemvelo, ngesikhathi semicimbi ezinjalo zibonisa izivakashi best ikhamera, ezokungcebeleka kanye nokunye. Ngokuphambene nalokhu, ngezikhathi ezithile kwabezindaba kukhona imibiko mayelana nokwephulwa kwamalungelo zeziboshwa, okungezona ukuhambisana nemithetho yeziboshwa, indlala iziteleka, imibhikisho ukubaleka imizamo, ukufa kanye nezinye izikhathi ezingemnandi ezivumela ukuba sahlulele ukuthi akusiyo bushelelezi ngakho ngesibalo ejele 1. Futhi lezi nebubi waphawula akubona abaseBhabhiloni kuphela okuqukethwe iziboshwa. Ngakho, esikhathini esingangonyaka esedlule, ngokwesilinganiso, kwakubikwa Imininingwane ukuthi ukunciphisa abasebenzi abasebenzi Federal Penitentiary Isevisi eyabangela ukuncipha okukhulu ngo zabo. Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni ukuvela yokwesaba phezu ingxenye ejele Onogada inombolo 1. Njengoba obonwa abasebenzi isevisi ejele, ngenxa ukudiliza umsebenzi onogada kwakumane esiyingozi kakhulu.

Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuyacaca ukuthi ngaphezu konyaka owodwa uzobe esichithwa ngokuletha isimo emajele Russian namazinga omhlaba.