NekuBuyiselwa: Ikhodi-Criminal Procedure, ubuciko. 151

Zibekele izici ezithile zomkhathi lapho isenzo, okuvumela ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi yiziphi igunya bazophenya ubugebengu, kuthiwa abamangalelwa. Ikhodi inqubo lobugebengu lembula essence yayo yiSigaba 151, okuyinto sikubeka kucace ngalokho ubugebengu lembula izinhlangano zenqubo ngaphakathi kwawo.

ubufakazi

Ukuze uthole ukuthi umzimba kuzophenywa ikhomishana isenzo kuyadingeka ukukhetha ezifanele yezinhlobo ubugebengu, kuyobe sekuba i-Singakwazi yini ukuthola yomthetho. Ikhodi-Criminal Procedure uthi, kuncike esigabeni amacala esiphathiswe ukuvezwa bakhe bamaqembu zenqubo.

Izimpawu ukunquma yomthetho, lokhu okulandelayo:

• isihloko noma ejwayelekile (ubugebengu uhlamvu);
• Wendawo (kuye ngokuthi indawo anomlandu wokwenza isenzo);
• siqu (ikakhulukazi isephulamthetho);
• Alternative (owathola umzimba futhi aphenya).

imizimba

Excitation kanye nokuphatha amacala kungaba kwenziwe siphathiswa nophenyo noma umphenyi. Esimweni lapho kumshushisi womphakathi onikela isitatimende esibhaliwe mayelana nomphumela ukuthi ubugebengu uphenyo yinoma yiyiphi inhlangano, + ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba sizivumelanise nezimfuneko zalo, lifundeka kanje Article 150 Code of Criminal Procedure. icala Untried ezimweni ezinjalo, kungase ezihlobene nophenyo elenziwe ngendlela jikelele noma indlela efingqiwe yokubhala igama.

Crime isisindo amancane isilinganiso kungenziwa basakaza phakathi zikahulumeni. Abahweba obuzayo ngempela zonke izenzo zonya ezisohlwini okwesithathu Article. 150 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure. ngaleyo ndlela Amandla kunqunywa abadabuka.

Ngokwesibonelo

Umuntu uye wenza ukuntshontshwa umakhalekhukhwini, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uthe lo wesilisa uboshwe ngamaphoyisa, icala labe abethweswe wona, olungena ngaphansi kwendawo zemizimba yophenyo, ngoba leli qiniso libonisa ukuthi sihloko 150 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu

Likhono izitho ezihlukahlukene amacala ukuvezwa ibizwa ngokuthi "yomthetho". Criminal Procedure Code ihlukanisa elandelayo yayo:

• ejwayelekile noma inhloso - kunqunywa indlela yokwakheka icala, amacala abucayi kakhulu kuyadalulwa ikomiti ecwaningayo, FSB;
• indawo - endaweni omyalo lapho kwenzeke ubulelesi;
• siqu - incike isihloko, okuyinto bakwenze ngenhloso yayo;
• okunye - ivumela uphenyo kulabo lokho.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi yonke inqubo lobugebengu nokuphathwa yayo bathembele ngokuphelele ezintweni labo zokulithwala. Ngenxa kwangaphambilini uphenyo esiteji - ngelinye lamavesi abaluleke kunawo wonke kulo lonke zobulelesi, njengoba lalinjalo kule nkathi yesikhathi it is eqoqwe bonke ubufakazi bese ofakazi kokuxoxa, ezisiza embule ubugebengu ngokushesha.

lunye

Kulokhu, ukubunjwa ukoniwa namandla aso kungaba yomthetho uzimisele. Ikhodi Criminal Procedure, ubuciko. 151, kusho ukuthi uma kwenzeka yokungeneliseki ngenhloso ipilo yomunye umuntu, ukuthumba, luhloboluni ukuzibulala, kanye walandisa nokwephulwa kwamalungelo zomthethosisekelo kanye nenkululeko yezakhamizi, ngokumelene Ukuthula nokulondeka okwakukhona ngaphansi sonke isintu kukhona wemfanelo abasebenzi leKomiti Investigative.

FSB waziphatha ukudalulwa ubugebengu izinto ezibaluleke ngokukhethekile, futhi ziyingozi enkulu emphakathini, njenge: inhlangano imisebenzi amaphekula, emthethweni obuku ahlomile air zokuthutha, ukulahlekelwa amadokhumenti aqukethe izimfihlo isimo.

uphawu Inhloso kunqunywa Federal Izidakamizwa Control Izikhungo futhi inkonzo imisebenzi abasebenzi uma kuziwa ukushushumbisa kwetimphahla izidakamizwa kwelashwa futhi izinto psychotropic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, endaweni ethile ojwayelekile CCP kubalulekile kakhulu esimweni lapho idingekile ukuze uphenyo ukuqhuba ibhizinisi ezithile zenqubo, ezifana lo mseshi. Ababandakanyeka ubugebengu, kuphela amandla adonsela phansi elincane. Futhi ikhono lakhe generically zihlanganisa lezo izenzo ebaluliwe yomthetho Ikhodi Criminal Procedure, ubuciko. 150.

Umnyango wamaphoyisa District, njengoba umthetho, iphenya amacala ukuthi niyithatha ngokungathí sina futhi ezishiwo yiSigaba 151 Ikhodi inqubo lobugebengu.

Siqu

Lokhu yomthetho usebenza kanjani kule ndaba ikakhulu ubugebengu. Ngokwesibonelo, ubugebengu obenziwa ngamalungu Ministry Interior futhi FSB, baza sebenzela ukudalula ikomiti ecwaningayo. Kusebenza umthetho ofanayo kwezinye izikhulu, njengomphathi-amajaji kanye amasosha.

Imithetho ayivumeli, kwezinye izimo, ukunquma ngokunembile yomthetho. Ikhodi Criminal Procedure ayikwazi ngokungananazi ukuxazulula lolu daba. Ngokwesibonelo: FSB umphenyi uye wenza ubugebengu, okuyinto Ilungiselelwe Art. 276 Ikhodi ubugebengu - njengoba kwezinkambiso ekhethekile oluyonqunywa umuntu ngoba amasosha omzimba, ngokuziphatha kunjalo, lo mseshi uzokwenza RF IC.

Alternative noma okuxubile

Kuye ngezimo ezithile zobugebengu izonqunywa komthetho. Ikhodi Criminal Procedure uthi kulesi simo, ukuthi icala onokucwaningwa ejensi wombuso, okuyinto aqale athola umbiko mayelana ubugebengu noma uye wasembulela emsebenzini waso. Ngokwesibonelo, amacala ahlobene ukushushumbisa izidakamizwa, olungadalulelwa umphenyi wamaphoyisa wesifunda, futhi Federal Izidakamizwa Control Izikhungo izikhulu.

indawo

Kulokhu, zobulelesi okufanele avezwe endaweni lapho kwenzeke ubulelesi, okuhambelana Art. 152 Ikhodi. Untried ngalesi ubabonisa ngisho izidumbu okuphenya. Ngakho-ke, ngo-umkhuba, ngokuvamile kuba khona operatives ungaya wathola isidumbu kwenye indawo, ukuvezwa kwalo isenzo ebandakanyeke esiteshini samaphoyisa esiseduze.

Njengoba ojwayelekile, uma ubugebengu uqalwe endaweni eyodwa futhi aqede kwenye, kulesi simo, kufanele lengaphenywa womnyango wamaphoyisa, lapho kuphelile, kunquma komthetho. Ikhodi Criminal Procedure Uvikela leli lungiselelo ngo Art. 152.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthetho kukhona okuthile okuhlukile. Bavumela ukuba bahlanganyele uphenyo indawo inani elikhulu lofakazi, izisulu. Lokhu kungenzeka kuphela esimweni lapho isisulu uhlala kwelinye izwe, futhi ubugebengu obenziwe ngaphandle Russia.

Kulokhu, umbuzo kuyoba indlela ukuvezwa icala futhi ukudluliswa yayo yomthetho, Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation ivumela ukuxazulula ihloko yehlangano okuphenya noma umshushisi.

Uma ufuna ukwenza imisebenzi search kokufunda ukuthola izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi ubugebengu ephelele, lo mseshi ongenza lezi zenzo bebodwa noma kubeke kwenye Inqubo umuntu. Lo mthetho enikeziwe lento. CCP 152. yomthetho Wendawo kuleli cala umthetho, uphenyo we icala lalihilela salomtimba wahulumende efanayo.

sokwephulwa kwe

Isiqalo nesigcino zonya izimpawu ivumela ukushaja ukuvezwa kwalo iziphathimandla zikahulumeni ezazibandakanya ugunyaziwe ukwenza ngokomthetho. Lo mthetho ubizwa ngokuthi "yomthetho". Ikhodi Criminal Procedure (art. 151) uhlinzekela ukuthi ukuziphatha yebhizinisi ukwenza umuntu zenqubo kabani zamakhono iyona ukudalulwa izenzo kuya ngobubi bayo. Yingakho bonke ubufakazi bokuthi izoqoqwa engafanele umzimba, kusephula yomthetho, awavumelekile. Abakwazi kumelwe ibe isisekelo sokukholelwa Ukukhishwa kwemusho yinkantolo. Iphuzu kule ikhonjelwa ukuqedwa, futhi bonke ubufakazi ukuba kubhubhe namunye.

izenzo ezilungile

Esimweni lapho umuntu umise Eqinisweni zenqubo ukuthi ukuziphatha icala lobugebengu ayibhekiseli enekhono, umphenyi ngizodabula ke wathi kumshushisi ukuthi yokugcina ngaphambilini yomthetho yakhe. Izingxabano ngaleyo ndlela inadmissible.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshushisi kufanele ukusabalalisa amacala obugebengu ukuze ngasinye ezihlobene esingayifunda ekuziphatheni kwale esemthethweni ethile. Lo mthetho usebenza kuphela uma ikhiqizi enkompolo kwelinye izinto eziningana ukuthi abe namandla wokuphatha ezahlukene, Art. 151 Criminal Procedure Code ukhomba ngqo leli qiniso.

isinqumo isampula

Uma ubungathola umyalezo mayelana umzimba isimo izenzo zobugebengu ningaweli ngaphansi kwalokho enekhono lakho, kufanele udluliselwe yomthetho ukwenziwa kukhambelana neenkambiso.

isampula

elibusayo
ngokuthumela umlayezo mayelana ubugebengu ephelele ukuze iziphathimandla abanekhono konyaka __________ 00.00.00

I Lenhloko yemtimba yophenyo, uColonel amaphoyisa _______, kokucubungula wathola umbiko esakhamuzini mayelana ________ isenzo ezibekwe h. 1 tbsp. 179 Ikhodi Yobugebengu,

Nginibekela:

Lapho ehlola imilayezo engenayo, kwatholakala ukuthi isenzo lungekho ngaphansi uphenyo yophenyo, kudingekile ukuze ukudlulisa yomthetho. CCP inikeza Art yayo. 151 CC.

Ngaphansi Art. 145 we Criminal Procedure Code

Ubamba:

Kwendlulisa umlayeto ngalakufundze isenzo echaziwe uzibophezele Investigation Division.

INhloko uColonel uphenyo ______________________

Izici

uphenyo owandulelayo namacala inelungelo ukuzivocavoca izikhulu ngaphakathi amandla abaziphathisiwe, ngakho uthi Article 151, Ikhodi-Criminal Procedure yomthetho kunqunywa ngokuvumelana iqoqo izimfanelo namakhono icala.

Kulokhu, zikhona ezinye zezici ezenza kungenzeka ukuqalisa uphenyo emzimbeni munye yomphakathi, welani ke ngokusebenzisa umshushisi womphakathi e-Ukuziphatha kwabanye.

Ngokwesibonelo

Kukhona izenzo eziningana lobugebengu ezihlobene imililo. Ngakho, ngaphansi Ingxenye 2 of Art. 167 we Criminal Code, umphenyi GPN ophethe zonke izenzo ezilungile ngemva emizameni yokuthuthukisa kunjalo, bese udlulisa kuwo wonke materials umshushisi ukunquma komthetho, ngoba kulesi simo kufanele kudalulwe zenqubo ATS izikhulu. Kuleso simo, uma umlilo yahanjelwa lo mseshi, khona-ke unelungelo lokuthathwa njengomsulwa ngokushesha ukuthatha icala yokwenziwa kwayo, futhi lo mseshi GPN nje mnike wonke izinto wazama futhi ihlolwe.

RF IC futhi amandla

Zonke amacala sizibophezele ngaphansi kwekhono iimphathiswa ezithize, njengoba ofunda Article 151 we-CPC. yomthetho Investigative of amacala obugebengu kunqunywa ukubunjwa ukoniwa namandla aso.

RF IC izikhulu kudalulwe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ubugebengu:

• lokubulala ngenhloso;
• luhloboluni ukuzibulala;
• yokukhiqiza yomgunyathi;
• izenzo ezishaqisayo ngokumelene nabantu abasesimweni kweminyaka engu-18, kanye nalabo benziwa izakhamuzi;
• ngokuphathelene ubuqotho ngokocansi abesifazane, amadoda kanye nezingane;
• abomthetho, izinkantolo, amajele, lempi.

Konke lokhu ubugebengu, kanye nalabo olunikezwa Art. 447 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure, afakiwe endaweni ethile ye-Art. (Ikhodi Criminal Procedure) futhi 151 basebenza ekomidini iyunithi abasebenzi.

emizimbeni yophenyo

Ngokuhambisana Ikhodi, ethile ye amacala obugebengu isisindo amancane isilinganiso akunakubangelwa yilezi zinkampani zenqubo kuphela imvume ebhaliwe umshushisi.

Amachibi nophenyo yilezi:

• ATS;
• bailiffs;
• State Fire Service;
• izinduna + nezinduna Abezempi.

Have imisebenzi elandelayo:

• ukuqalisa zobulelesi ngaphakathi amandla abaziphathisiwe futhi sifeze kudingekile izinyathelo okuphenya;
• ukuqinisekisa imibiko etholwe zobugebengu lohleliwe noma kakade.

Njengomthetho, izidumbu okuphenya abathintekayo ekuvezweni amacala angekho nzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi basuke elicacisiwe Art. CCP 150. yomthetho Investigative of amacala obugebengu kulokhu eyenziwa ngaphakathi ikhono lakhe futhi ubambisene ehhovisi lomshushisi.

Abaphenyi kusukela bailiffs inkonzo owamisa izinyathelo zomthetho labo izakhamuzi abangafuni ukukhokhela emalini ebolekwe ethathwe amabhange kanye musa fulfill bo bopho kwezibopho yesondlo izingane zabo. Kulokhu, lo mkhuba wamanje ebonisa ukuthi eziningi zalezi abanamacala kukhona ngesikhathi esebhokisini labasolwa, bese idonsa izigwebo zayo emajele noma zifezeke saziso yabo.

Abaphenyi ukusebenza enkonzweni umlilo, ukuphenya amacala umlilo ezindlini ezahlukene, bese benika lezi zinto ukuze umtjhutjhisi inquma yokugcina lapho inhlangano uzoqhubeka afeze izinyathelo okuphenya.

ukuma

Ngokomthetho kubo kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela. Uphenyo ezimweni lapho kubalulekile ukuqhuba zecala, ziyokwenziwa kuphela ngemva Attorney isaziso ngokushesha. Khona-ke nizifeze zonke uphenyo oludingekayo: kokuphenywa ngabasolwa, isisulu, nesithuthwane yokusesha.

Kulabo amacala angadingi ekuqhutshweni owandulela ukuqulwa kwecala, lo icala iyawakha nabanye futhi wathumela kuJehowashi umshushisi ukuvunywa. Nge izinto sakhiwa kungenziwa kuphela abajwayelene ngokwalo icala.

FSB

Abaphenyi kwalezi ukwenza izinto ezephula izithakazelo isimo nokuphepha yayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvumelana Art. 151 kweKhodi ku Criminal Procedure, kuphenywa amacala obugebengu ezilandelayo:

• ukuthekelisa emthethweni of izinto zokusetshenziswa, okuyinto livela Russia;
• nokushushumbisa izimali;
• imisebenzi amaphekula futhi zonke izenzo ezihambisana naso;
• sokudunwa kaloliwe izindiza nemikhumbi;
• ka akhiphe izimfihlo isimo.

isikhathi

Isikhathi ngoba uphenyo okuhluke kakhulu. Mayelana nemibuzo, nguye inyanga eyodwa kuphela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo uphenyo wenziwa phakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili. Uma kukhona eyanele idatha elisekela izothatha isikhathi kungakusiza. Kulokhu, kufanele wenze isinqumo bese uthumela ku umshushisi Public ekhombisa esizwakalayo. Ngokuvamile, ngaleso sikhathi i-kokuphothulwa kophenyo kuyakuba izinyanga ezintathu. It enwetshiwe enyakeni owodwa kuphela khona izimo eyinkimbinkimbi yokusebenza ubugebengu kanye kobufakazi obanele yecala lomuntu.

izimo ezithile

Esimeni lapho ekuqhutshweni ngeke ube nezizathu ezanele ukufakazela icala umsolwa nalobu bugebengu, uphenyo kufanele libe seliqediwe ngo ngezizathu ezifanele Ikhodi inqubo lobugebengu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lo mseshi futhi lo mseshi uchaza inqubo sokubuyisela amalungelo yisakhamuzi adicilelwe ngenxa kushushiswa emthethweni. Umuntu angafaka isicelo enkantolo ukuze umonakalo okungezona yezimali.

Ayisebenzi

Akekho ethile asisebenzi esimweni uma kuziwa uphenyo we icala ngokuya nge-Athikili 10 Ikhodi ku Criminal Procedure. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwenza umyalelo ngaphandle ukuziphatha icala uzakuba nelungelo emizimbeni yophenyo kanye uphenyo. Futhi, ngeke yini kube khona juqu, insimu lapho bugebengu benzeka.

Inani

Ezimweni eziningi Ukuhlola icala enkantolo ngeke kwenzeke ngaphandle uphenyo lokuqala, njengoba umthamo enganele ubufakazi akukwazi isakhamuzi samanje icala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphenyo Ungashintsha ngokuphelele isiphetho umuntu, uma icala lakhe uzobe efakazelwe, noma okuphambene nalokho. Futhi-ke umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu imizimba yophenyo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuba kuphela inyanga eyodwa. On kahle indlela kuyoba kwesikhashana, uphenyo owandulela ukuqulwa kwecala kuzoncika secala ngisho isinqumo lomusho. Zonke izenzo kwenziwe nophenyo futhi uphenyo ezilotshwe icala nithathe isinyathelo, futhi ke wathumela ukuvunywa wathi kumshushisi.

INkantolo lapho sicabangela ebufakazini obutholakalayo balelo cala kodwa uhlola bonke ubufakazi etholwe ngesikhathi ekuqhutshweni wokulungiselela, okuyinto, njengoba umthetho, kukhona ubufakazi icala ummangalelwa.

ukuhlukumeza

Ngokuhambisana Art. 151 Criminal Procedure Code, izikhulu ugunyaziwe ukuba bazihlole futhi ukudalula ubugebengu ngaphakathi komthetho. Lokhu kuholela yi ngokushesha futhi zilungile. Esimweni lapho la malungiselelo i- yomthetho, ubufakazi eqoqwe kuleli cala, kuzobhekwa njengoba untenable futhi akwamukeleki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubugebengu uphenyo ungaqedwa.

Ngokwesibonelo

Iphoyisa yenze ingozi umuntu wafa lapho, iziphathimandla Interior wathatha kunjalo belawulwa kunemithetho kakhulu i- yomthetho. Kulokhu, lo ubufakazi obutholakale ngesikhathi uphenyo lokuqala, kamuva waqaphela njengoba impermissible. INkantolo akazange abamukele futhi walichitha icala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo zikhulu kakhulu wephule amalungelo izisulu. Iphoyisa kuleli cala - umuntu isimo ekhethekile, nguye isisebenzi sikahulumeni, kunokuba isakhamuzi elula, icala lakhe kwadingeka abhekane nalawo ikomidi liphenya, hhayi esiteshini samaphoyisa.

Isibonelo esilandelayo

Lapho selisenzile lesi-advocate isikhalazo isakhamuzi owagwetshwa ngaphansi Article 159 ngokukhwabanisa e ngezinga elikhulu, esikhathini semthethweni agumenti Wabhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi izikhulu imithetho sokunquma yomthetho adicilelwe, futhi safuna nkantolo yachitha isinqumo esithathiwe.

Kulokhu, lo mmeli akazange cabanga yiSigaba 151 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure, okuyinto obekwe ngokukhanyayo wokuthi ubugebengu kungase kwembule umzimba owembula emsebenzini waso. Ngakho-ke, ama-agumenti ukuzivikela sika bekunganasisekelo.

Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuthi akukhona konke izikhulu ulandele imithetho sokunquma yomthetho kuka ngokuyisisekelo abephula imithetho lobugebengu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwephula amalungelo izakhamuzi ngokwabo, abangekho iqhaza kule nqubo. Ukuze uthole ukucwaningwa okugcwele oluphelele lwazo zonke izinto icala, kanye ubuthe ubufakazi nje kudingeka silandele imithetho yomthetho. Ngenxa enhlanganweni kahulumeni ngamunye has amandla ayo nezincazelo zamakhono.

Uma ubugebengu obenziwe ngomuntu wezempi, kusho umshushisi, umahluleli, ke kunjalo kungenziwa ngokuphelele ixazululwe kuphela abaphenyi we Russian Federation Committee. Ngenxa ziklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukusabalala ubugebengu phakathi bakahulumeni. Futhi ikhono lakhe ukushushisa izenzo esinzulu ezenziwa abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala.