Amaqiniso anesithakazelo ngolimi lwesiRussia ephephandabeni lodonga. Ukujabulisa ulimi lwesiRashiya

Ulimi lwesiRashiya esikoleni, mhlawumbe, lubangelwa esinye sezihloko ezibaluleke kakhulu, ukungazi ukuthi kungabanikeza impendulo engathí sina ekuphileni komuntu esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa indlela yokukhulisa isithakazelo sezingane kuso? Indlela yokwenza kube lula ukuqonda lokho okunzima futhi okunzima ekuqaleni kokubheka imithetho? Lokhu kuzokusiza ukushicilelwa njalo kwiphephandaba lesikole elizinikezelwe ulimi lwesiRussia. Amaqiniso anentshisekelo, izindaba ezimnandi mayelana nemvelaphi yamagama, "ama-Bloopers" emisebenzi - konke lokhu kuzosiza futhi kwenziwe isiRashiya ulimi lwabafundi ngempela.

Iphephandaba lendonga lingaxoxa ngani?

Iphephandaba lesidonga esikoleni elizinikezelwe olimini lwesiRashiya akumele lube nje isitatimende samaqiniso, kodwa futhi lukwazi ukuxhumana. Vumela abafundi babuze imibuzo, babashiye ephaketheni elikhethekile, balethe amanothi abo (ungafaka isikhuthazo somsebenzi onjalo) futhi uhlanganyele emincintiswaneni.

Ngakho, ekuhlokweni esithi "Ukujabulisa ulimi lwesiRussia" unganika ulwazi olulandelayo:

• Uyazi ukuthi ngesiRashiya kunezibizo ze-animate zomsindo ophakathi: "ingane", "isilwane" nethi "monster"?
• Isiphequluli esiphelele kuphela ngesiRashiya, esine-syllable eyodwa igama elithi "okubi".
• Isenzo esithi "siphume" yilo kuphela igama elilimini lwethu elingenayo impande. Kukholelwa ukuthi ulapha futhi uhamba nge -em (phuma-phuma).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungashicilela uhlobo lokuhlolwa:

"Noma yimuphi umfokazi obiza ukuthi uyazi iRussia ngokucophelela angahlolwa. Mphakamise ukuthi ahumushe umusho olandelayo (okuthakazelisayo, kodwa wena ngokwakho uzoqonda ukuthi uyini?): "Mowed oblique oblique oblique". Futhi uma umfokazi, ngenxa yalokho, eveza okuthile okufana nalokhu: "Indoda enokukhubazeka okubonakalayo isika utshani ngethuluzi elikhohlisayo", khona-ke ingabhekwa njengenhlangano yokuzijabulisa "enkulu futhi enamandla".

Kodwa ekupheleni kwala manothi ungakhohlwa ukubuza: "Uyazi amaqiniso anjabulo kangaka?" Lokhu kuzokhuthaza isithakazelo sabantwana ekufundeni nasekudaleni ukuqala kokuxhumana.

Imininingwane mayelana nokuthi iphephandaba lodonga lingaxoxa ngani

Iphephandaba lombondlela wesikole lingaba yiqoqo lamaqiniso amangazayo. Njengoba, isibonelo, lezi:

• Wonke amazwi angcolile kuze kube sekhulu le-14. ERussia babizwa ngokuthi "izenzo ezingenangqondo";
• Ngolimi lwesiRashiya kukhona igama elinamagama angu-46 - "amamitha ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye", futhi inkulumo eyinde kunazo zonke futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo inyunyana ende kunazo zonke igama elithi "ngokuhambisanayo" elinamagama angu-14;
• Futhi igama elithi "ubumnyama" lalivame ukuba yizinombolo, elichaza inombolo eyaziwa kakhulu kunazo zonke - 10,000.

Akukho okuthakazelisayo okungeyona encane kuyoba ulwazi oluthi "Ukujabulisa ulimi lwesiRussia" ngamabonakama anezikhala "zokuphumula". Uma ufaka amagama afana nesilwane, usuku, ingonyama, ebunzini, amanga, isitshalo, umgodla, i-rye, ukulala, umcengezi, njll, khona-ke ngeke kube khona isibonakaliso esisodwa ezimpandeni zabo. Futhi njengoba kungenjalo wonke amagama abhalwe ohlwini, kungenzeka ukusikisela abafundi ukuba bahlanganise lolu hlu.

Incwadi emangalisayo "b"

Umlando wezincwadi ezingu-28 zezinhlamvu zesiRussia "ъ" ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zidideka futhi zingaba isihloko sezindaba ezithile zephephandaba.

Ezinsukwini zakudala, kwakusho umsindo omfishane omfishane omncane , okuyiziphi izilimi ezisaphikisana ngazo. Kamuva, cishe kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-12, kwasetshenziselwa ukuphula amagama ngamazwi, nomugqa ube ngamazwi ahlukene, kuze kube isikhathi lapho izikhala zamukelwa kabanzi (kobogomizbranomoyarnyu).

Kodwa ngisho nangemva kokuba izikhala zivele phakathi kwamagama, iskripthi seSonto iSlavonic saba yisimiso: "b" yileligama elikhomba ukuphela kwegama. Okusho ukuthi, wonke amagama ngolimi lwesiRussia angasondela ngokushesha kuphela ku-vowel, d, noma b (pawnshop, ikheli, i-deli). Cabanga, ukubhala lesi sibonakaliso esingadingekile sithatha u-4% wevolumu yombhalo!

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Manje, ngenxa yokuguqula isipelingi sesiRussia, okwenziwa ngo-1917-1918, kwavela umthetho omusha: okungenakuqhathaniswa "b" - incwadi esetshenziselwa kuphela uphawu lokuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-consonant kanye ne-vowel. Itholakala ekuhlanganiseni kwesiqalo kanye nomsuka (inhlangano, ukuvuma, ukulimaza, njll) noma ukukhombisa ukubiza amagama okubhaliwe ngamagama abhalwe phansi (injection, adjutant, njll).

Kodwa, yebo, akukhona konke okungatsheliwa ngesibonakaliso esiqinile.

Ake sixoxe ngamathrekhi

Amaqiniso anesithakazelo ngolimi lwesiRussia ephephandabeni odongeni akudingeki ukuba liqoqwe "kusukela emhlabeni ngocingo." Phela, ngisho nesayensi ngokuphelele evela ensimini yezilimi zingase zimangalise futhi zijabulise umfundi ojwayelekile. Isibonelo, ziyasiza.

Isinye sezikhulumi zomdabu singenza kalula kusuka kunoma yisiphi isenzo esikhathini esidlule :

• Bhala - wabhala,
• Funda-funda,
• Ingabe-wenza,
• Hlabelela - cula,
• Ukuya-kuhamba.

Ukungafani "okungajwayelekile" phakathi kwempande yefomu lokuqala neyitholakala kuthiwa yi-suppletive. Izinto ezifanayo zenzeka uma izinga lokuqhathaniswa kwezimpendulo ezithile lenziwa:

• Funny - funnier,
• I-Smart - smart,
• Ukufudumala,
• Kuhle ... kungcono noma kubi kakhulu ... kubi nakakhulu.

Okufanayo kungatholakala ngamabito, ngokwesibonelo, egameni elithi "umuntu" (ubuningi bakhe - "abantu", abakhelwe kwesinye isimpande), esibizweni esithi "I" (amacala akhe angaqondile "mina", "mina", njll. Futhi ube nomsuka ohlukile).

Yeka indlela okubonakala ngayo e-Russia

Iphephandaba lesidonga esikoleni ngesihloko esithi: "Ulimi lwesiRashiya nomlando walo" lungaphumelela ngokushicilela amaqiniso athakazelisayo kanye nemvelaphi yamagama athile. Nasi isibonelo senothi elifushane ukuthi igama elithi "holigan" livele kanjani ngesiRashiya.

Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi umuntu ongeyena umuntu ozivumela ukuba enze ngokweqile futhi akahloniphi umthetho, kodwa ukuthi leli gama laliyisibongo sesingesiNgisi, mhlawumbe, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abakwaziyo.

Yebo, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 nele-19. ENgilandi, edolobheni laseSouthwark, wayehlala emndenini ongathandeki kakhulu, ehlanganyela ekuthunjweni nasekuphangi. Bonke babembethe igama elilodwa - Khaligan. Futhi maduze baba nodumo kakhulu kulo lonke elaseNgilandi. Futhi mayelana nenhloko yalesi sizukulwane esidla izidakamizwa, uPatrick Haligan, saqanjwa ngisho nengoma yokuhlekisa, eyathandwa yiYurophu yonke. U-Khaliganov wadonsa ama-caricatures, wabhala ama-parodies, futhi isibongo sabo kancane kancane waba igama lomkhaya, hhayi kuphela eNgilandi, kodwa futhi naseRussia, lapho, noma kunjalo, lapho kushintshile khona.

I-Contradictions ngegama elifanayo

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngolimi lwesiRussia amaphephandaba angodonga angakhethwa ngemali enkulu. Ngokuqinisekile izingane zesikole zizoba nesifiso sokwazi ngalokhu okumangalisayo kokuthuthukiswa kolimi lwethu njenge-enantiosemia - ukukhuliswa kwencazelo yegama elilodwa. Okusho ukuthi, in unit eyodwa lexical, izincazelo zingaphikisana, qhathanisa omunye nomunye. Zahlulela wena - igama elidumile "eliyigugu" lifihla ngokwayo kanye nemiqondo emibili:

1) into engenakho intengo;

2) into enenani eliphezulu kakhulu.

Futhi umuntu othi "Ngizwile inkulumo" kusho ukuthini? Iqiniso lokuthi wamlalela ngokucophelela noma, ngokuphambene, ukuthi wayengakazwanga lutho? Isenzo esithi "ulalele", njengoba ubona, siyisimangalo kuye.

I-enantiosemia yaqala kanjani?

Amaqiniso anesithakazelo ngolimi lwesiRussia amaphephandaba angodonga angabandakanya umlando walokho kwenzeka.

Izilimi zichaza ngokusebenzisa amagama ngezigaba ezahlukene, ngokwesibonelo, enkulumweni yokuhlangana kanye naselulwimi lwezincwadi. Okufanayo okwenzekile ngegama elithi "ukudansa." Uma emibhalweni yesandla esidala saseRussia yayinencazelo eyodwa kuphela: "okubi, embi" (umuntu oshayayo), ngakho-ke enkulumweni ejwayelekile "ukudubula" futhi "waba nesibindi," (umshayeli wempi).

Into yokuthi esikhathini esidala njengabantu abachitha abantu ababajwayele ukukhuluma ngokuphindaphindiwe abaphangi abakwazi ukwenza izenzo ezinesibindi, ezinobungozi nezingenangqondo. Ngakho-ke incazelo entsha, ehlukile yegama lasendulo lavela.

IsiRashiya sinezibonelo ze-enanthoseemia yamazwi. Ungakhumbula kubo okulandelayo: ukuboleka (ukuboleka - ukubolekisa) noma mhlawumbe (ngokuqinisekile, ngokuqinisekile-mhlawumbe hhayi kahle).

Imininingwane yokuthi ulimi olukhulu lwesiRashiya lukhule kanjani, iphephandaba lodonga lingasebenza kokubili njengamanothi ambalwa, futhi njengezihloko zesayensi ezithandwayo.

Amathiphu amanye ambalwa ekugcineni

Iphephandaba, elikhulunywe ngakho kulesi sihloko, kufanele kube kokubili ukufunda okuthakazelisayo, kanye nomthombo wolwazi olushukumisela ukuzindla, kubantwana abaneminyaka ehlukene. Amaqiniso anentshisekelo mayelana nolimi lwesiRashiya lwamaphephandaba angodonga angatholakala ezinombolweni eziningi kumaphephandaba, ikakhulukazi manje, lapho isithakazelo ngolimi lwendabuko selukhuphukele ezingeni eliphakeme.

Kodwa futhi ngifuna ukukukhumbuza ukuthi iphephandaba elinjalo aliyona nje incwadi efundisayo, kodwa futhi indawo yokuxhumana. Kuphela ngale ndlela kuyoba nesithakazelo kulokho okucabangela ukuthi kube yinto engokoqobo, okuholela ekuthakeleni ngale ndaba, futhi mhlawumbe ekudaluleni ithalenta yomlobi, imbongi noma umculi. Inhlanhla!