Amazwe sezenhlalo zomhlaba

amazwe nge imibono yabantu sezenhlalo ngokuthi "ngayo embusweni Yabantu" Kusukela ngo-1940 kuya yesibili ngo-1950. Ngu-1950, ngonyaka wesishiyagalolunye kwakukhona nanhlanu. Iziphi amazwe sezenhlalo babaziwa kanjalo ngaleso kule nombolo? Ngaphezu eSoviet Union, kwaba: ANDS (Albania), eYugoslavia (eYugoslavia) neCzechoslovakia (eCzechoslovakia), Bulgaria (Bulgaria), Vietnam (Vietnam), Hungary (Hungary), Romania (Romania), eMpumalanga Jalimane (eyayiyingxenye yeJalimane), Poland (Poland ), IsiShayina (China), Mongolia (Mongolia), Lao PDR (Lao Republic of Korea), DPRK (North Korea) kanye Republic of Cuba.

Yini zihlukaniswa emazweni sezenhlalo lonke izwe? Lokho ngakho kwabacasula abameleli capitalism? Okokuqala - amafilosofi sezenhlalo lapho izithakazelo zomphakathi ngaphezu izithakazelo siqu.

Izenzakalo ezimangalisayo futhi ukunqotshwa zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni eSoviet Union ayikwazanga kubonakale kusistimu kwamaZwe. Izwe okuguquguqukayo isibe izwe multi-polar. I-USSR kwaba ibhizinisi ngempela abanethonya futhi wakuthola. ukuwohloka yayo ukubeka esele amazwe sezenhlalo emhlabeni esimweni esinzima kakhulu futhi kunalokho eziyingozi: ukuvikela imigomo nezinhlelo zalo nobukhosi bawo ngaphandle ukwesekwa ngaphambilini isimo enamandla kakhulu. Reactionaries emhlabeni wonke babeqiniseka, futhi eKorea nase-Cuba, kanye ne-Vietnam, futhi Laos naseChina zizongena ngokusebenzisa isikhathi esifushane.

Nokho, manje kula mazwe sezenhlalo siqhubeke nokwakha umphakathi sezenhlalo, kanye nabantu babo, ngasendleleni, ingxenye yesine kuso sonke isibalo sabantu Earth. Mhlawumbe ukufa kabuhlungu Iraq, iYugoslavia futhi Afghanistan uye wabavumela ukuba basinde kule nzima kakhulu eminyakeni engu-90 ababeza Ngokuwa Union futhi kwaholela nezinxushunxushu. Ngaphambili okuqondene eSoviet Union indima vanguard wanquma ukuthatha ku China, yona eyaqala ukwenza i ulingana kwamanye amazwe sezenhlalo.

Uhlelo lwe-socialism kuleli zwe is sizikhandle izingxenye izinkathi ezimbili eziyinhloko: maotszedunovsky (kusukela ngo-1949 kuya ku-1978-th) kanye densyaopinovsky (olwaqala ngo-1979 futhi uyaqhubeka namuhla.

kuqala "Hlela Five-Year" yakhe, China uye eyenziwa ngempumelelo out ngosizo eSoviet Union, kokuba izuzwe yonyaka ukukhula 12%. isabelo sayo kwemikhiqizo ezimbonini rose 40%. Ngesikhathi Congress yesishiyagalombili-CPC umenyezelwe ukunqoba inguquko sezenhlalo. Ngokuqinisekile amacebo esilandelayo "Ziyisihlanu Year Plan" Kuye kwahlelwa ukwandisa ukusebenza. Kodwa isifiso sokuthuthuka eqa omkhulu kwaholela ekutheni izikhulu zibonise ukukhiqizwa ukwehla abukhali (48%).

Enecala ukweqisa sobala Mao Tszedun waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye ubuholi yezwe futhi ugxumela theory. Kodwa sincipha ngokushesha okunjalo kuye kwafeza indima omuhle okwamanje: nokukhula ngokushesha komnotho iye levuswe isithakazelo emsebenzini wakhe, wonke umuntu ukusebenza. Industrial ukukhiqizwa eminyakeni emine seliphindeke izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezimbili (61%), kanye nokukhula kwezolimo indices ivaliwe uphawu 42%.

Nokho, lezi zincwadi ezibizwa ngokuthi "ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwamasiko", eyaqala ngo-1966, ezingena ezweni ku ukuntengantenga kwezomnotho ongalawuleki iminyaka eyishumi nambili.

Iziphetho China Den Syaopin crisis, okuyinto waphonseka cwaningo yemisebenzi Marxism-Leninism theorists futhi ithuthukiswe eyakhe indlela eya ndawonye, efana umqondo kazwelonke we nep. ubudlova China angaphandle namanje ezisengozini, ngakho kuze kuphele isikhathi zesikhashana kwakumelwe abe leminyaka engamatshumi amahlanu.

Esesithathu session okuzobe kukhona kuwo bonke nomhlangano nanye kwathiwa nesinyathelo esisha, kugxilwa inhlanganisela bekuhlela ne ukusatshalaliswa kohlelo kanye emakethe, kanye mass ukuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali ezivela kwamanye amazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wakhuthaza kumiswa izinkampani ezizimele, izivumelwano umkhaya, izinto ezintsha zesayensi.

izwe Young sezenhlalo lakhula ngokushesha:

- ukuliphinda kabili njalo eminyakeni eyishumi, ukukhiqizwa yezimboni;

- GDP China wakhala 2005, kuphela US GDP ;

- anda isilinganiso somholo wonyaka singaphansi (kufika ku 1740 USD umuntu ngamunye);

- ukuhweba zamazwe amabili izibalo wazungeza izibalo efanayo ukuze USD kwezigidi ezingu United States 200 (Naphezu imikhawuko Washington phezu yokungenisa imikhiqizo Chinese);

- yegolide wawudlula izinqolobane of wonke amazwe, ekubeni i-esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni;

- yanda, futhi kakhulu, isilinganiso sobude bokuphila amaShayina.

Ukuze sithole ukuthuthukiswa China manje ibuke emazweni amaningi, kuhlanganise nomakhelwane bayo ngokushesha.