Art. 195 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure: "Inqubo ukuqokwa kokwahlulela"

Forensics angabelwa futhi kwenziwe kokubili ngaphambi emizameni yokuthuthukisa kunjalo, futhi isikhathi ngaphambi uphenyo. Kulokhu, isinqumo esenziwe ubuso nenqubo, kulotshiwe esihlokweni. 195 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure. Nokho, umkhuba, ubuchwepheshe kanye aqokwe abaphenyi. Ngesikhathi ngesinqumo SME umphenyi ulungiselela isixazululo. Ngemva kwalokho, le dokhumenti ithula inqubo lobugebengu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-protocol kurekhodi olufanele, njengoba ofunda Article. 195 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure.

Highlights

Ukuqokwa nokuziphatha ngihlolwa forensic kuyadingeka ukuze ngokuphelele ukuqonda imininingwane ngaleli cala elenzeka. Yingakho i-ukuqaliswa luhlolo kuphendula lo mseshi, ngokuvumelana Art. 195 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure. Phela, nguye, njengoba inhlangano zenqubo uqoka nokuqaliswa kwalo futhi wenze isinqumo ezifanele kulesi simo. Lo mbhalo sicacisa:

• isisekelo socwaningo (isib ukuthola ibhethri noma ezinye ngukulimala isisulu) elenziwe, njengoba umthetho, ngaphambi emizameni yokuthuthukisa kunjalo;
• yonke idatha yomuntu siqu futhi igama ejensi onguchwepheshe;
• nezindaba okufanele ixazululwe (isib indlela ukulimala);
• Zonke izinto eza ezandleni uchwepheshe isimo.

Nesincumo ku Amalungiselelo umhloli SME lapho iphoyisa kumele ukwazisa inqubo lobugebengu bese sibachazela amalungelo nemisebenzi yabo. Le entry senziwa embikweni ngaphansi Art. 195 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure. Iyiphi inkathi yesikhathi kusukela ngosuku ukwahlulelwa umphenyi kufanele tshela kuye uhlangothi, Ikhodi alisho.

ezibalulekile

Ezimweni lapho udinga kutholakale imbangela yokushona kokufa isakhamuzi noma izinga umonakalo, luhlolo kubhekwa kunesidingo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngeke benze ngaphandle kwalo, futhi lapho ejensi ekusebenta kwemtsetfo njengoba kokungabaza ingqondo lomuntu bophezela cala. Ikakhulukazi uma izinto kudingeka ukusungula engu-umhlaseli nezinsolo, kodwa ngenxa yokuntuleka imibhalo ukwenza lokhu akunakwenzeka. Izici nenjongo luhlolo ezimweni ezinjalo ecacile Art. 195, 196 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure.

Nokho, zokucwaninga ngobuchwepheshe njalo kwenziwe kuphela ngokuzikhethela umseshi. Ngokuqondene nalokhu luhlolo ingase yabelwe eziningi Kwezinye izimo lapho umthetho uludinga.

amazwana

Ubuchwepheshe enqubeni lobugebengu ngokuthi indaba edinga ikomiti yokwahlulela ngasiphi qophelo uphenyo ke kwenziwe. Kuyinto ukutadisha izinto olunikezwa Uchwepheshe umphenyi. Luhlolo uzakuba nelungelo lokuqoka umphenyi, umphenyi kanye nenkantolo. Isisekelo luhlolo kuyoba nesidingo solwazi olusha kuleli cala, okuyizinto ezidingekayo ukuze ukumelwa esinemininingwane yonke isithombe utjho kobana kwenzekani ubugebengu. Emva kokuqokwa kwakhe umuntu zenqubo kufanele wakhipha isimemezelo. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we ayohlanganisa:

• idatha Isazi nezikhungo;
• izimpikiswano ezibalulekile e uphenyo lobugebengu;
• isisekelo cwaningo;
• izinto onekhono ngocansi.

Ngemva kwalokho, leli zwi lesinqumo kumele wethulwa ingxenye kunjalo, njengoba kuboniswa art. 195 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure. Ngokuqondene nokukhulumela, wanezela kuso, singamukela kuphela futhi ukugubha iphuzu esibaluleke kangaka ukuthi luhlolo inelungelo lokuqoka hhayi kuphela umphenyi futhi inkantolo futhi umseshi. Kwezinye izimo, luhlolo of the izisulu kungaba kwenziwe kuphela ngenkululeko nabameli babo. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho umuntu engancikile nesishiyagalombili. Nokho, abazali abaningi abagxeka kakhulu udaba futhi ungafuni emphakathini, futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu senqabe luhlolo.

ukuze

Ukuze afeze Ukuhlola lo mseshi uthumela zonke izinto ndawonye ngesinqumo ubuholi isikhungo sezokwelapha ezikhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le dokhumenti lungabuyiselwa emuva emagunyeni komthetho. Kodwa kuphela uma le isikhungo kungekho uchwepheshe abangathanda ukwazi efanele afeze lokhu kuhlolwa. Njengomthetho, it is kwenziwe kuphela ezikhungweni zomphakathi, abasebenzi boMnyango Wezangaphakathi kuphela. Nokho, ezimweni ezehlukile, luhlolo kungenziwa esiphathiswe ezingeni ezahlukene onguchwepheshe, echaza wakhe amalungelo akhe kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo futhi banikezwa izinto ezidingekayo futhi imibhalo. Art. 195, 196 kanye 199 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure inikeza inqubo injongo yako, isiqondiso nokuzinikela amadokhumenti e isikhungo.

ukujwayelaniswa

Ngaphambi luhlolo umphenyi kufanele wenze izenzo ezithile. Njengoba kushiwo h. 3 tbsp. 195 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure, umuntu yethula uhlangothi zenqubo nesincumo, othi ubani futhi yini zizonikezwa afeze efundwayo. Kulokhu, izakhamuzi kufanele wachaza amalungelo abo ngaphansi Code. Inqubo lobugebengu kumele ayejwayele idokhumenti luhlolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanelungelo ukubuza umhloli ukuchibiyela izinhlinzeko zoMthetho wamaZinga nezindaba ezingezelelweko ngabe ukunike isiphelo sesimiso uchwepheshe. Futhi, ummangalelwa neseluleko sakhe, isisulu futhi ufakazi ingenza uchwepheshe ukususwa futhi ucele uphenyo endaweni yokunakekela kwezempilo ethile. Khona-ke inqubo ohlangothini kufanele bazazi umbono uchwepheshe.

Nge isivumelwano noma cha

Nokuhlolisiswa amacala elicacisiwe amahora. 4 tbsp. 195 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure, wenziwa kuphela uma lokhu nombono oqondile ofakazi izisulu. Uma kunjalo izingane, isinqumo senziwa ngabo abameleli esisemthethweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-umkhuba ngokuvamile kudinga Esimweni esinjalo, uma abazali uphikisana ingane yabo nengxenye luhlolo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu bamane nje abafuni lesi sigameko amashwa emkhayeni wayesazi besithathu (isibonelo, lapho indodakazi wadlwengulwa). Kuyinto ngenxa yezizathu kuhlolisisa akuyona kwenziwe begodu nesiqunto emizameni yokuthuthukisa ekuqhutshweni noma uqhubeke kuze kuzokwenziwa ngendlela uphenyo imiswe okwesikhashana noma uhlala izimele.

umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama

ukuhlaziywa wezomthetho ezinye imithetho-CPC ngokuphathelene isiqu kanye nokuqaliswa ubuchwepheshe, waphinda kufakazela iqiniso lokuthi umthetho ngalolu daba aluphelele futhi lingahambisani uMthethosisekelo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-umkhuba, umsolwa angeke usebenzise ngokugcwele ilungelo labo okunikeze CCP, futhi wenze Isazi ukususwa. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi umseshi kulesi simemezelo babe idatha zikahulumeni kuphela, kodwa akusho linqume igama zokuqala zalabo abanolwazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lona luhlala efaneleyo debatable lochwepheshe abenza ucwaningo emkhakheni zobulelesi. Ngenxa onguchwepheshe is ayengenalo ulwazi oluthile, bakwazi ukunikeza izimpendulo ezamukelekile emibuzweni ezihlongozwayo kuye. Ngaleyo ndlela kungashiwo ukusongela isiphetho umuntu ongenacala ukuba benecala khona umbono ayilungile uchwepheshe.