Baphi Gardens ngokunqotshwa kweBhabhiloni? Legends, amaqiniso, umlando

Mayelana eziyisikhombisa izimangaliso zezwe lasendulo, ijwayelekile wonke umuntu kusukela ezinsukwini esikoleni, lapho ayeyizinganekwane izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Akuwona wonke amatshe ezikhumbuzo ezenziwe umuntu eliyingqayizivele wafika inzalo, abaningi wabhubhisa isikhathi onesihluku, kodwa inkumbulo zendalo emangalisayo uyaphila kube yilolu suku.

Abacwaningi zezwe lasendulo iphambene mayelana wayekhona ngempela kwabaningi babo, hhayi izazi zanamuhla kuphela ukungabaze. Ngokwesibonelo, lasendulo Greek-mlando uHerodotus, owayehamba eMesopotamiya, akashongo lutho umsebenzi esiyingqayizivele, okuzoxoxwa namuhla, nakuba okwakulindelekile amshaya kobukhulu bakhe.

Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngokuphathelene lokuthola izingadi uhlanganyela

Kulesi sihloko, ake sixoxe lapho Gardens yaseBhabhiloni - esinye sezimangaliso ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, hhayi dozhivshee kuze kube namuhla. Izazi-mlando zasendulo baye babonisa ukuthi abantu base ise wesigodi wokuqala kwesintu eBhabhiloni. Nokho, izibalo lwesayensi lwanamuhla neyaziwayo theory eyiphutha, ethi okwazalelwa wangempela ensimini edolobheni okungavamile itholakala amakhilomitha 400 kusukela indawo okuhloswe.

isitatimende Loud uDkt Dalley

Omunye izitatimende ephezulu iphrofayela ngale ndaba wenza umvubukuli C. Dally Oxford abachitha kusesho legend engamashumi amabili zokuphila kwakhe. Iqiniso lokuthi indaba izingadi ezisezindaweni eziphakeme egcwele zonke izinhlobo ezinganembile. Kukholakala ukuthi zihlobene wasenganekwaneni Queen Semiramis, owabusa e-Asiriya.

Kodwa ngo esekhona ebhaliwe imithombo yabe seyaziwa okuthiwa zazakhiwe ngesikhathi wokubusa kukaNebukadinesari - inkosi, ngubani yanquma ngendlela ukubungaza umkakhe amthandayo Amitis. Wayengakwazi ukujwayela ukuphila muzi esinomsindo enothuli futhi okhathazeke ngenhlalakahle umyeni wakhe akhe oasis green lapho ziphumule zonke ngonyaka umkakhe.

Lesikhumbuzo, wadala egameni uthando

Futhi negagasi esandleni umbusi Kwaphakama ezidalwe igama lesikhumbuzo lothando - Gardens yaseBhabhiloni. Ngayiphi idolobha ababekuso? Kuze kube muva nje-ke kukholakala ukuthi yayiseKhesariya phansi phakathi kweBhabhiloni ehlane, kanye nendlovukazi, abafika bevela izimbaza ehlanzekile oluhlaza, wahlupheka kakhulu kusuka yokuntuleka umoya ohlanzekile.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi izingadi ulenga phezu nombhoshongo ophakeme nge eziyizitezi ezine pink uxhumekile bese isitebhisi mhlophe futhi ukuphasa amakholomu abanzi. On platform ngokuqinile exhunywe ukubeka ungqimba emhlabeni sinamandla kangangokuba kwakunokwenzeka umhlaba ngisho izihlahla eminyaka ubudala. By endleleni, ngenxa umphumela sintanta emoyeni, ukugibela izitshalo, ngokushelela transitioning kuya emazingeni ehlukene zamasimu, izingadi nabizelwa alengayo.

Eyesibili isimangaliso emhlabeni

Indlela ukubhala amadoda yesayensi endala, wakha izingadi ezisezindaweni eziphakeme Amitis ezinyakaziswayo enkulu engakaze ibonwe: Isakhiwo ukuphakama ifinyelela 250 metres, futhi ubude nobubanzi ikhilomitha obungaphezulu kwento eyodwa.

Ukuze inisele izitshalo etholakala endaweni engaphezu 37 ayizinkulungwane amalitha amanzi nsuku zonke, futhi kwakungekho ngisho owasungula le yokuqala kusetshenziswa isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa elikuvumela ukuba silondoloze ukuphila izikhala green ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi ukuchumisa.

ubuchwepheshe amanzi Kwakungekusha edolobheni, kodwa kukholelwa ukuthi lokhu lapho safinyelela ekupheleleni walo. Kwenzeka into ethi ayifane emhlabeni odumile uMbhoshongo WaseBhabhele. amasondo Huge uphendukisa izigqila, futhi kanjalo amanzi akhuphuka kakhulu phezulu engadini, okuyindawo agelezé amathala, imifino eziphothiwe. Ngaphandle Palace ezinkulungwane zabantu abampofu ababephathwa usufa ngenxa yokoma, ngoba amanzi ngaleso sikhathi kwaba singekho, kodwa nakhu anjengomfula, sokujabulisa amehlo Amitis.

Conquest yaseBhabhiloni

Kukholakala ukuthi umnqobi esabekayo Alexander Omkhulu waseBabiloni elinqotshiwe yanqotshwa ubuhle emangalisayo lwesigodlo bazakha. Kude okumatasa futhi umsindo, yena waba ejabulela ukuthula, abahlukaniswe kuphela imisindo akhononda amanzi, ithela izinkumbulo Macedonia lwakubo. Ngemva kokufa kwazo zonke amandla ubambe ezandleni zabo umbusi womuzi saphela enhlokodolobha yezwe watheleka phakathi labhidlika.

Imibono mayelana nokubhujiswa esigodlweni futhi izingadi

Ngeshwa, isimangaliso yesibili yomhlaba njengoba ibizwa, akusho behlele kithi, futhi akekho oyazi izakhi wamqeda, noma ingabe umsebenzi wezandla zomuntu. Kukhona iziphakamiso ukuthi wonke izimila washona ngemuva izigqila wayeka ukuphampa amanzi. Futhi kwakukhona uzamcolo esabekayo kucekelwe phansi phansi kanye Isigodlo esihle, izindonga ubumba kuba manzi te, futhi ukusekela amakholomu zabo ezinkulukazi ngiyaquleka.

Nakhodka Koldewey

Ngemva namakhulu ambalwa eminyaka ngemva abanesifiso ukuthola Luhambo ziyaphawuleka, abavubukuli baye ubelokhu efuna ayakhiwe Gardens yaseBhabhiloni laseMesophothamiya. usosayensi odumile uRobert Koldewey uye wanikela ukuphila kwakhe. Kusukela 1898 yena eyingoduso lapho kumbiwa eduze Baghdad, futhi wathola emanxiweni itshe, nga memezela them uhlala ezikhangayo waseBhabhiloni.

Point amanxiwa

Inethiwekhi ebanzi yophathina ekhelini e ezahlukene iziqondiso imisele amnika umqondo ukuthi kungase kube izingadi kakhulu eside elindelwe. abavubukuli German baye bathola izinsalela umsele ngawo izitshalo eziluhlaza abangu ekuniseleni, baletha ikakhulukazi indlovukazi emazweni ahlukahlukene.

ososayensi abaningi bathola amanxiwa awazange waqonda njengoba amanxiwa izingadi waseBhabhiloni, futhi abanye babo baye baqhubeka befuna, abathi isakhiwo ngokuyisimangaliso kuyinto endaweni ehluke ngokuphelele.

Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi yokusesha

UDkt Dalley, liphefumulelwe yokuntuleka sikhulume imithombo ukwakhiwa Ibhalwe izikhathi kaNebukhadinezari, aqalisa uphenyo siqu, eyathatha iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi. Wafunda ngokucophelela zobuciko yasendulo nemibhalo yesandla ziqala cuneiform kukhona eBritish Museum, ukuze aphendule yonke umbuzo lomubi lapho Gardens yaseBhabhiloni eqinisweni.

Ngemva usesho omude wemisebenzi yakhe yesayensi ziye umvuzo. Ngo-2013, ngemva kokucabangisisa bonke eqoqwe idatha Dalli ukusungula indawo izakhiwo lasendulo babé engadini wasenganekwaneni. Wathola ukuphathwa ukwakhiwa "isimangaliso bonke abantu" eduze inhloko-dolobha iNineve-Asiriya. Wakha Isigodlo esihle nge engadini ephukile yakhiwa kuleli BC VIII leminyaka.

Baphi Gardens yaseBhabhiloni empeleni?

Iqiniso liwukuthi, ukuthi manje ensimini ka yesimanje Iraq iNineve kuyo yonke imibhalo emidala ukubizwa ngokuthi iBhabhiloni lasendulo, lapho kuye kwaholela ukuhlanekezela amaqiniso angokomlando mayelana indawo izakhiwo grand kweqiniso. Ngokwe-Oxford Iqembu labavubukuli, indunduma okukhulu enyakatho Iraq eduze nedolobha laseMosul ezitolo wonder oluyinqaba emhlabeni - Gardens yaseBhabhiloni.

Njengoba uDkt Dalli imivubukulo kule ndawo kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukuba khona ukwakhiwa kanye ezitholakala esiqoshiwe sase-esibonisa esigodlweni emangalisayo neka imbali masimu waphinda ayeqiniseka ngokunemba imfundiso yokuziphendukela ochwepheshe.

Nokho, abacwaningi obusolisayo ungavumelani kule nguqulo, ethi omunye amapaki, njengawo Gardens yaseBhabhiloni atholakala eNineve. Izwe Iraq futhi, ngokukhethekile, nedolobha laseMosul, ethunjwa amasosha LIH, ungavumeli ngoba kudingeka izifundo ezinkulu ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphikisa imfundiso yokuziphendukela Dr. Dalley.

Imibuzo ngaphandle izimpendulo

Ngakho, manje asikwazi ukusho ngokuthe ngqó lapho Gardens yaseBhabhiloni ukuphi. Yebo, lolu suku Akuphindanga kwaba yimuphi umdwebo ubonisa iyisimangaliso yezwe yesibili, futhi zonke izithombe uvele - nje kuwukuzikhohlisa umcabango abaculi.

Riddle isakhiwo omkhulu, ezakhiwa emakhulwini eminyaka amaningi adlule, ekujabulisayo izingqondo izazi zanamuhla futhi izakhamuzi ezivamile, kodwa ubufakazi ngqo indawo esiqondile zakhiwo ezinkulu lapho. mpikiswano eqhubekayo phakathi ososayensi wafakazela ukuthi Gardens Ulenga ngempela, kodwa umbuzo main uhlala engaphenduliwe.