Battle of Poltava - ithuluzi yemfundo kazwelonke

Battle of Poltava kwaba omunye izihloko ezishisa ubudlelwane Ukrainian-Russian futhi zezingxoxo umlando ezivamile. Kwaphela isikhathi eside igama Ivan Mazepa (omunye abadlali isihluthulelo lesisiqephu zomlando) samuntu ukuhlubuka futhi nginomuzwa wokuthi kudlalwa ngami. ukuhlolwa ocacile omubi lo muntu okukhulunywa ngaye neze ngemibuzo izikhathi Tsarist nawaseSoviet. Ingabe iwukuthi kusukela encane kakhulu amaqembu ukuthi abazange babe uzwela yomphakathi. Nokho, lapho kuwa iSoviet Union futhi ukuzalwa wekuba sive kazwelonke e-Ukraine naseRussia kwabangela ukuvela imibono emisha ngemibono. Umsebenzi Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, Poltava impi, ekumeni zomlando Simona Petlyury, Petra Skoropadskogo nezinye ubuntu abangu kucatshangwe kabusha ku historiography entsha Ukrainian ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuye kwabangela futhi uyaqhubeka ebangela ukuba ukuphikisa ohlangothini isiRashiya, lapho isibukezo sale hlobo kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso ukuhlanekezela izenzakalo zangempela.

Impi yase-Poltava

Ngokuvamile imisebenzi ku-internet Ivana Mazepy inikezwe njengoba zonke emlandweni womuntu, owafika amandla sibonga sekwenza ka-Alexei Mikhailovich. Kukholakala ukuthi uye waqinisa usithonye ngokusebenzisa ukusekelwa Poroshenko. Nokho, ngesikhathi osindayo Mazepa Northern neMpi, iRussia waphenduka angena ekamu lesitha kaCharles XII. Wase, abacwaningi yesimanje Ukrainian ukwethula eziningi imininingwane lebalulekile esithombeni kwalobu buhlobo. Phakathi kwabanye kunamaqiniso mayelana izinhlelo kaPetru ngisika, futhi esikhathini esizayo enza ukubhubhisa Hetman uhulumeni e-Ukraine. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi esivumelwaneni abasenza sokushintsha Cossack elite 1654 yethulwa njengoba inyunyana suzerain futhi ngaphansi kwesizwe ekulondolozeni kwenkululeko ezibanzi Cossacks, kodwa hhayi ukuba ibe ingqongqo phezu ephelele. Ukuziba izithakazelo ohlangothini Ukrainian ezingxoxweni nenkosi Polish, ngubani wayethenjiswe ezinye ilahleke kudala izwe, futhi akazange engeza udumo enkosini.

Iphuzu ezibucayi kwaba ukwenqaba uPetru mina yokunikeza usizo lwebutho base-Ukraine ngesikhathi impi, lapho ohlangothini Swedish sesisondele Rapids ka Dnieper. Ungakwazi kubangele eningi agumenti "ngoba" futhi "ngokumelene." Be ukuthi isimo sinjani, le Battle of Poltava (usuku wakhe - Juni 27, 1709) lalahleka ngu abaseSweden, futhi Mazepa. Futhi indaba ukuthi ibhalwe abanqobi ezaziwayo.

Inani National Yenkumbulo

Abantu abaningi baye bayeka ukukholelwa umbono kazwelonke, ngoba elithi eminyakeni yamuva sekwande kakhulu futhi ngendlela engafanele ukuthi asetshenziswe izintatheli abaqavile emphakathini. Kodwa Battle of Poltava e 1709 akalilahlile ukubaluleka kwalo futhi kwakubaluleke kakhulu yokufuna Ukrainian self-ungubani futhi wekuba sive. Ngenxa isisekelo lanoma isiphi isizwe indesheni ngaphandle umsuka, ulimi oluvamile namasiko, futhi inkumbulo zomlando: ubunye ukubukwa amalungu omphakathi kazwelonke ezenzakalweni esidlule, izigemegeme ukunqoba, amaqhawe esizwe. Lo mcimbi maphakathi yaleli fomu collective inkumbulo imodeli omphakathi wendabuko.

Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi kwamaJuda yesimanje waqaphela imodeli isizwe-isisulu. Izenzakalo emaphakathi komlando wabo futhi isihluthulelo sobunye kuyinto holocaust eziningi nezinye izigigaba ezingezinhle ukuthi Babegogodile futhi unqobe amaJuda. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, e likahulumeni waseSoviet futhi ngokwengxenye eRussia yesimanje lamathuluzi ebaluleke kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni isizwe iba ukukhazinyuliswa ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe nokunqoba kuwo.

Ukuze lanamuhla ideologists Ukraine kanye nabaholi kazwelonke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola iyunifomu lonke izwe namaqhawe. Noma dala them. Lesi sakamuva futhi eyamukelekayo ngempela futhi ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa. Ngokwesibonelo, u-Alexander saseNevsky - sibalo omuhle yimuphi umuntu isiRashiya, ngisho uma engazazi izenzo zakhe.

Naphezu okwatholakala abacwaningi yesimanje ukuthi Battle of the Ice, kusobala, akunandaba kangaka, njengoba kwakunjalo isikhathi eside isibaluli historiography yasekhaya, ngoba ukuthi singobani lesi sizwe yesimanje Russian phezu kuyindlela ebalulekile kuka izenzakalo zangempela ezenzeka 1242. Ekugcineni, thina namanje ukugubha mhlaka-23 Febhuwari, bekholelwa, ngokuvumelana ngemibono yomphakathi, usuku lwakhe inkazimulo iRed Army. Nakuba ngokuvumelana imibhalo akusiyo.

Ngokwesibonelo, Bogdan Khmelnitsky - omunye heroes ambalwa abasiqaphelayo kokubili aseNtshonalanga Kapa kanye naseMpumalanga Ukraine, kokuba amafilosofi ezahlukene. Yilokho kuphela kuqala - ukulwa emelene nengcindezelo yezwe, futhi owesibili - nesigaba lokho kwakunjalo historiography Soviet. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngoba amaJuda oshiwo ngenhla futhi wenza antihero icala kwabantu emikhulu nokubulawa kwabantu bakubo. Futhi Battle of Poltava, okuyinto ebaluleke zombili lezi zizwe kunalokho njengoba iwuphawu, hhayi senzakalo esingokomlando yangempela ukuthi kuphakamisa nokungaqondi mutual.