BCG

Okwamanje, lokugoma ingenye kakhulu ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa amafomu nokuvinjelwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene. Vaccinal eyenzelwe inqwaba izifo, uhlu uyaqhubeka ukhula.

Omunye kulindelwe kakhulu kwaba umgomo BCG. Ukudalwa kwawo kungavunyelwa ngezikhathi ukunciphisa yokugula kwabantu kanye nokushona kusukela igciwane le-TB. ezivamile okunjalo ngekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili, ukutheleleka iye sezinqandiwe ngomgomo. Nokho, ngisho ngesikhathi samanje ngeke kukhonjwe ukuba isifo sofuba, izifo wokugoma-ezingase zivinjelwe. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-amasosha omzimba abasafufusa kungokwesikhashana, ikakhulukazi lokhu ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho umzimba ezigugile izifo ezingelapheki noma esimweni immunodeficiency azalwa naso noma bathenga.

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, imigomo ingaqala izinhlobo isifo sofuba, TB esakha ngaphansi kwethonya i uhlobo attenuated we bacterium is. Ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo kungenzeka futhi ngemva kweminyaka embalwa emva kusungulwa umgomo. Lesi sifo eba ngenxa buthakathaka amasosha omzimba womuntu, noma ngenxa jikelele ukukhathala (sokuzincisha).

BCG lokugoma Kwenziwa kanje: ekuphathweni lokuqala izidakamizwa - yesine - Kwathi ngosuku lwesithupha kusukela kokuzalwa kwengane. Lokhu zokukhwabanisa ngokuvamile eyenziwa ngqo ekhaya lasebekhulile. I revaccination lokuqala eyenziwa ingane agcinwe kule umcimbi laveta ukungabi khona amasosha omzimba ukuba sofuba ejenti (ie, uma umgomo BCG ngaphambilini yethulwa kuleli yobudala eyisikhombisa, esiphakamayo yesibili (engu-14 ubudala), futhi umuntu awahlangabezananga Wand Koch sika imvelo).

Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi noma hhayi ingane waphathwa isifo sofuba futhi wayedinga revaccination akuyona itheleleke noma cha, ukuchitha isivivinyo Mantoux, kube inkomba yokuthi reactivity maqondana sofuba ejenti. Hlukanisa normergicheskuyu kanye yokusabela hyperergic, kuye ngobukhulu besikhumba saleso papules kwakhiwa namandla aso.

Ukwakheka yokugoma ezahlukene kungafaka kokubili bukhoma futhi wabulala ejenti ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye amagciwane abe nenkani.

Ukwakheka iqukethe ophilayo BCG wokugoma nge Mycobacterium sofuba zamagciwane oluthile virulence esincishisiwe. Lokhu uhlobo etholwe ngokusebenzisa culturing okuphindaphindiwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima ukuze bacterium. kwakhiwa amasosha omzimba is ngenxa ukuphindwaphindwa agent emzimbeni womuntu futhi ukhiqize amasotsha omzimba ngokumelene isici. I engavamile bangangenwa yilesi sifo esakha umgomo BCG iwuhlobo ukuthi isekelwa aphikelele bacterium emzimbeni. Lesi sici efanayo iyachaza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthuthukiswa post-yokugoma sofuba.

Amasosha omzimba wathola indoda ngenxa yokugoma, kuba vaccinal zemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona yemvelo nevaktsinalny amasosha omzimba, okuyinto kumiswa kungenxa ukuwa engokwemvelo sofuba Mycobacterium e yomoya wobuntu. amasosha omzimba esinjalo evame kakhulu, njengoba umthamo umzimba womuntu sika ukuhlangabezana Koch inamathela kunabaningi kangaka. Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu epidemiologically ngokumelene isifo sofuba ifomu evulekile lapho umoya iyaphuma isiguli ukhetha microbial ejenti.

Kunezindlela eziningana contraindications ngokugoma. Bonke isikhathi ukuwa (kuholela ukuhlehliswa yokugoma), futhi njalo (kuleli cala, lokugoma akuyona eyenziwa). Ukuze umgomo yesikhashana contra zihlanganisa prematurity (isisindo osanda kuzalwa esingaphansi kuka 2.5 amakhilogremu), kanye eziningi izifo kanye exacerbations okukhulu pathologies ezingamahlalakhona. wokugoma BCG alinikwa izikhonzi nge ophikelelayo ukuntula mzimba, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa amafomu generalized sofuba - kuyinto contraindication unomphela yokugoma.