Boot.ini. ifayela Boot-Windows

Iningi labantu, yebo, ngaphandle izinhlelo abantu, cabanga ukuthi yifayela boot.ini eziyinqaba, ngisho bebona umugqa uqalisa kwimenyu efanayo, okuyinto msconfig umyalo. Ake sibone ukuthi yini le fayela nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani.

Kuyini ifayela boot.ini e OS

Ngokuvamile, uma umuntu akazi, ukuthi ifayela has igama boot.ini, kufeza ngenjongo eyodwa - kulayishwa uhlelo lokusebenza. Kuyinto ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthola ongakhetha ukufaka wokusebenza amaningi kukhompyutha yakho (kuleli cala sikhuluma "OSes» Windows umndeni, njengoba kunoma iyiphi enye isistimu yokusebenza ifayela elifana nalelo kulanda okuthiwa ehlukile futhi has a isandiso ezahlukene).

Ngomqondo onabile, ngoba yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza amagama azibalulekile. Iqiniso lokuthi e ifayela acacisa indlela elula ukulayisha yesistimu yokusebenza. Uma izinhlelo eziningana efakwe, Loader izosebenza, esizokunikeza ukucushwa kucaciswa kufayela boot.ini, download oyedwa noma omunye OS. Kuvela elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo wukuthi ifayela ngokwayo kokubili umphathi, umlamuleli kwethulwa wokusebenza.

Ulwazi olugcinwe ku-ifayela

Manje, zama cabanga kuyini ulwazi unesibopho yokulayisha-Windows. In the version standard uma unalo kuphela yesistimu yokusebenza kwikhompyutha ukugcina noma laptop lwefayela zingancishiswa yokubakhona umbhalo oyinhloko nemiyalo obekiwe kuyona. Ngokwesibonelo, ukulanda okuqukethwe kwefayela boot.ini XP-izinguqulo futhi inkonzo upaka Windows isebenzisa okuqukethwe standard.

Njengoba singabona ngisho ngeso lenyama, kukhona nemingcele eziyisisekelo ezimbalwa. Ziyakwazi ngenhlanhla etholakala ngazo zonke izinguqulo amafayela ukuqalisa ezinguqulweni ezihlukahlukene Windows uqobo. Umehluko kungabonakala nasemkhakheni kuphela nemingcele eziyisisekelo le khulula umthwalo Windows NT izinhlelo, okuyinto zase Ekuqaleni, iseva izinguqulo futhi enzelwe ukusebenza inethiwekhi wendawo.

Okokuqala, ukuthi isikhathi sokulinda - sokuvala (impendulo sokuvala), okuyinto kunoma yiliphi OS, njengoba umthetho, inenani ka "30" ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngamanye amazwi, lokhu kubambezeleka amasekhondi angu-30. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uthole ezinye izimiso zaleli ipharamitha.

Ngokwesibonelo, i-value esinikeziwe "0" ukuqalisa imenyu ngeke zivele nhlobo, kanye ukubaluleka "1" ipharamitha ngeke "hang" esikrinini kuze kube nini.

Inani enikezwa ipharamitha «okuzenzakalelayo C: \», isethwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuba isiqalo yesistimu yokusebenza (ngokuvamile kusukela idrayivu C, njengoba kuboniswa uhlamvu okuzenzakalelayo). Uhlelo kakhulu efanayo, noma kunalokho izingxenye zalo eziyinhloko zitholakala kule «Windows» folda impande idrayivu.

Uma ikhompyutha yakho isetshenziswa eziningana "of yokusebenza izinhlelo", ipharamitha ingashintshwa. Futhi akunandaba yini noma cha adjoin Windows efanayo noma i-Linux. Imigqa bayomane ebekiwe lezi zindlela, nabo, njengoba besho, kukhethwa umsebenzisi.

Isibonelo elula kungaba ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezimbili, uthi, Windows Eyinkulungwane Windows XP, ifayela libukeka kanje:

[Boot Loader]
sokuvala = 30
okuzenzakalelayo = C: \
[Operating izinhlelo]
C: \ = "Millenium-Edishini-Windows"
multi (0) disk (0) rdisk (0) ukwahlukanisa (2) \ WINNT = "I-Windows XP
Professional" / fastdetect

«Multi» uhlobo imiyalo asetshenziswa kuphela uma kukhona isicupho e BIOS IDE drive uhlobo, ESD noma SCSI, kanye kukhethwa ukulayisha omunye yesistimu yokusebenza ezifakiwe. Imigqa yohlobo «rdisc (0)" noma «ukwahlukanisa» cishe njalo zinenani zero futhi ibonisa ukuthi siyanda uphazamisa ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngoba eziningi disk abalawuli, noma ibonisa inombolo ngokulandelana kwe-disk noma ukwahlukanisa okunengqondo, ukuze okuyilokho, eqinisweni, kuthiwa ukulanda akhethiwe "OSes" okwamanje.

ifayela Indawo

Manje cabanga umbuzo esibalulekile iphi boot.ini-fayela. Okokuqala, kufanele kusho ukuthi ukuthola ifayela ngokwayo yiluphi uhlelo, kungaba Windows NT kusistimu yokusebenza noma ezinye izinguqulo, akulula njalo. Into wukuthi ifayela ngokwayo isitheke emehlweni umsebenzisi, ngakho-ke akukho lutho kulo (UNkulunkulu amenqabela) ayikashintshi.

Kodwa abasebenzisi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi kufanele uqale uvule isibonisi imodi egcwele ngokuphelele wonke amafayela namafolda kufihlwe Windows Onjiniyela ngezinhloso zokuphepha, futhi kuphela ke bheka ifayela oyifunayo. Ngomqondo onabile, umsebenzisi ojwayelekile ukwazi ukufinyelela kuwo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nje sebenzisa "Amathuluzi" imenyu, lapho kukhona umugqa inguquko "Izinketho ifolda." Ngemuva kokufaka imenyu, sebenzisa ithebhu "Buka" ngokubeka umkhaza ukhetho "Bonisa Amafayela ezifihliwe, amafolda, kanye ngemoto" (indlela ebekiwe-Windows 7).

Ngaphandle kwalokho, asinakuba ukuthola lapho ifayela-nge boot.ini yonke nemingcele yayo. Standard indawo - impande disk «C» (Yiqiniso, uma ifakiwe ke, "Isistimu") Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyazuzisa sokunaka izimfanelo. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, imfanelo "Funda kuphela". Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela umsebenzisi i-asihlobene zabo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kakhulu impela ezingalindelekile, noma izenzo okungahleliwe ayikwazanga ukususa noma hlela ngendlela yokuthi kwethulwa yiluphi uhlelo olufakwe kukhompyutha yakho, ngeke.

ifayela boot.ini ezinguqulweni ezihlukahlukene-Windows

Ngokuqondene okuqukethwe kanye nendawo lapho ifayela egcinwe ngokwayo, isimiso, akunandaba. Sam ifayela boot.ini uhlobo isiqalisi okunemibandela, okuyinto alayishwe inkumbulo ngcondvomshini ngaphambi kokuqala 'OSes ", sinikeza ukukhetha ukuba download.

By endleleni, ngale ndlela baningi abaphathi thwebula esetshenziswa uma kwenzeka ephelele "Crush» Windows, noma ukuba khona amagciwane ukuthi ayikwazi ukususwa ngendlela ejwayelekile. Lokhu kunjalo, ikakhulu Ngokuqondene inkumbulo, lapho igciwane uvimbela kwethulwa isicelo, esiphezulu ukulayisha uhlelo imibuzo RAM kanye CPU.

Iyalayisha usebenzisa isiqalisi

Njengoba kusobala ukulayisha yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza efakwe computer, kungenzeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ngokwesibonelo, ukulayisha okuzenzakalelayo kwesistimu yanele ukuba sisebenzise umzila ebekiwe ifayela ebhuthini.

Ungenza ecacisiwe kungenjalo igunya ukulayisha "OSes" nganoma uluphi uhlobo kwesigaba oyifunayo. Uma ufaka ezifanele ukuqalisa amaklayenti, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi i-boot-abaphathi ingafinyelela nakakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi (njengoba kufanele), baqala ngisho nangaphambi ukwethulwa kohlelo Ukukhetha. Ngakho phumani lapho, ungakhetha noma yini oyifunayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi abaphathi ukuqalisa boot.ini Windows-izinhlelo, amafayela ziphathwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngokwenza izinguquko ezazidingeka ukuze okuqukethwe ifayela ebhuthini.

Hlela ifayela

Njengoba ukuze izinguquko ipharamitha bese uhlela ifayela ividiyo endaweni efanayo Windows 7 uhlelo, ifayela boot.ini (njengoba kunoma iyiphi enye OS) kuvula ulula. Awuboni ukuthi unesikhathi isandiso uhlelo, kungaba livulwe ku isicelo evamile esezingeni iyiphi "OSes" ngokuthi "incwajana". Yebo, ufunda ukuthi kulungile. Ifayela ngokwawo kokuqukethwe kwalo idlulisa idatha umbhalo, futhi noma iyiphi umhleli onekhono zokuhlela ulwazi ezifana. Into kuphela ukuthi liyadingeka ke nje ukugcina ifayela kufomethi yayo yasekuqaleni futhi endaweni efanayo.

Yiqiniso, kubalulekile ukuba qale wenze ikhophi ifayela lokuqala. Kufanele kuqashelwe uma kukhishwa futhi we izipele (isipele) idatha ye kanzima disk isithombe yesistimu yokusebenza noma indinganiso ukubuyisela iphuzu -Windows.

Gcina futhi qalisa phansi

Akubuzwa ukuthi izinguquko, ngisho ezingeni professional eliphezulu, namanje hhayi ukuthatha nomphumela ngaphandle Iqalisa. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye kabusha isiqalo zizokwenziwa yokuhlaziya ukuqalisa wemboni futhi wefayela obhekene kokuqala uhlelo lokusebenza (okukodwa noma ngaphezulu uhlu).

Izixwayiso

Njengoba kusobala umsebenzisi abavamile noma yini ngalezo zinguquko kudingeka uqaphe kakhulu. Uma nakwazi ukuthi OS kulayishwa ifayela boot.ini, ukushintsha it is hhayi Kunconywa kunoma isiphi isimo. Lokhu kungenziwa waziphatha noma nabasebenzisi abathuthukile ukuthi kuningi ukubeka "of yokusebenza izinhlelo", noma uhlelo abaphathi, elengamele kulayishwa OS ku inceku ikhompyutha ezikhumulweni ngezimiso kusengaphambili.

Empeleni, konke lokhu kungaqondakala ukuthi ifayela umbhalo cishe imfanelo eyinhloko ebhuthini. Yiqiniso, okungalungile ukuphetha ngokuthi kususwe noma ukuguqulwa kungaholela abanye nemiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi (ungakwazi ukulithola), nokho kangcono ukuba bangalibali izinto ezinjalo, osobennoesli hhayi adalwe ukubuyisela iphuzu noma idatha eyisipele noma uhlelo isithombe.