Dzheyn Gudoll, primatologist: Biography

Dzheyn Gudoll - primatologist, etnology, oyisazi futhi inxusa ukuthula ezivela eNgilandi. It baziwa kakhulu sibonga ocwaningweni lweminyaka engu-45 ka yenkawu ukuphila komphakathi, izithombe namavidiyo kuyo kakhulu. Ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe wachitha emahlathini eTanzania. Ucwaningo oqala ezikude 1960, lapho eseneminyaka engu-26 kuphela ubudala. Wathola eziningi esidumisa futhi imiklomelo. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, wabhala izincwadi ezingu-kweshumi engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, kuhlanganise nezingane.

ebuntwaneni

Jane Goodall biography oqala eLondon, yazalwa ngo-April 3, 1934. Ubaba - usomabhizinisi, unina - umbhali. Jane kwaba ingane yokuqala emkhayeni, futhi kamuva kwakukhona indodakazi abasebasha. Ngiseyingane, intombazane etholakele uyise ithoyizi - isithombe yenkawu okuyinto albhamu ethandwa kakhulu Goodall. Lokhu very scary ekuqaleni emehlweni ithoyizi utshelwa Jane uthando yemvelo. By the way, izimfene Namanje sihambisane primatologist abadumile.

Lapho Jane engu-12 ubudala, abazali bakhe behlukana. Bekanye nonina nodadewabo abancane, babephila Bournemouth, endlini nogogo sika. Ubaba ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukuthola ngaphambili. Kusukela esemncane yena uthanda ukuba bagcine ukuziphatha izilwane ezahlukene. Ngisho nalapho, umfati sinephupho lokuphila e-Afrika futhi batadishe izilwane. Lokhu lula izincwadi ezahlukene, njengokuthi "Tarzan." Ngaleso sikhathi, i-amantombazane, lezi amaphupho kwakungafanele ingenzeka.

izinyathelo kuqala

Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme ukuya izifundo onobhala. Kwezemfundo ephakeme kwadingeka akhohlwe, ngoba umndeni akanamali izifundo zakhe. Umsebenzi wokuqala kwaba kuhle ehlonishwayo ifilimu inkampani Dzheyn Gudoll ngakwesokunxele ngemva ukumema nengane efunda nayo esikoleni ukuba Kenya, lapho ayengase athole ithuba lokuyofunda Afrika. Nokho, imali wayengekho ngisho nokuba kulolu hambo, ngakho okwesikhashana wasebenza njengendlela uweta endaweni yokudlela e Bournemouth. Iya Kenya, wakwazi ngo-1956, lapho yena waba umsizi futhi unobhala eNational Museum. Ngokushesha, kanye nomqondisi Museum nomkakhe baya ekumbeni eMpumalanga Afrika. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhanda aphakanyisiwe Dzheyn Gudoll waqala ukutadisha ukuziphatha chimpanzee, okwakuyosiza sifinyelela iziphetho mayelana ngokunamandla kangaka ukuphila komuntu nezakudala.

umsebenzi Early

Ukuze isifundo wesayensi yezilwane kanye primatology Dzheyn Gudoll baphindela eNgilandi. Ngemva kokuqeda izifundo ekugcineni efika ithuba uqaphele iphupho lakhe libe into engokoqobo. Ngo-1960, umuntu oyisazi abasha kufika ku Gombe - Dzheyn Gudoll. ( "Yenkawu ngokwemvelo: Ukuziphatha" - incwadi, isihloko owawungumnyaka incazelo izici lezi zilwane, lalotshwa Jane ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kokuma wezinkawu, olwanyatheliswa ngo-1986 futhi olimini Russian.) Esikhathini uhambo olude naye yaya kumama wayo, ngoba iziphathimandla zendawo akazange avumele zamantombazane ukuba kube bengahambi. Nokho, kwakungelula kangaka isiko: izikhulu besaba ukuhamba nje intombazane ezimhlophe yedwa "babeyizidlova".

njalo Mama Jane uye wasekela indodakazi isifiso ukufunda izilwane. Ekuqaleni, usizo kuye kwaba usizo olungenakuqhathaniswa. It kwamsiza ukuba axazulule ekamu futhi ngimtshele baxhumane bendawo. Ezinyangeni zokuqala, futhi umama nendodakazi waphathwa umalaleveva, okuyinto cishe baba ebulalayo ngabo.

Animal Ukubuka

Dzheyn Gudoll, ogama amabhuku achaza kahle ukuziphatha chimpanzee, akazange asheshe wakwazi ukunqoba phezu kwalezi zilwane. Ukuze umsebenzi, ke zaqhubeka ekuseni futhi azulazula ehlathini kuze kuhlwe. Okokuqala, kwathiwa sihambisane zomsebenzi, bese-ke uphenywa ngokuzimela ndawo. Ekuqaleni chimpanzee babesaba ukusondela, kodwa ngokushesha waqala ukujwayela ukuba khona kwakhe. Jane uye wazakhela ekamu kancane oqaphelayo, lapho-ke kwakudingekile kakhulu. Kwakukhona amasonto lapho Goodall ayikwazanga ukulandelela phansi yenkawu olulodwa watheleka phakathi yithemba - isibonelelo ucwaningo iye ibalwa kuphela isigamu ngonyaka. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, wayeshaye phansi bese ukwazi ukwenza eziningi eziye zatholakala ziphoqe ukuphathwa ukuqhubeka uxhaso.

Ukuvulwa lokuqala

Dzheyn Gudoll waba ngowokuqala owakwazi ukubona ukuthi izimfene zisebenzisa amathuluzi lasekuqaleni. Ukuze uthole intuthwane, ayesebenzisa nezinti ezincane. Yegatsha kusiza NEZIMFENE ukukhiqiza uju izinyosi zasendle, futhi kwenzeka behlukana nati usebenzisa itshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wakwazi ukuthola ukuthi wezinkawu ngokuzimela enza amathuluzi. Ngaphambi kwalokho, umbono ovamile wokuthi abanye abantu bangase basebenzise amathuluzi ehlukene, kodwa abantu kuphela engenza nabo.

Lokho Jane wathola ukuthi izimfene cha zwa inyama kude. Ngaphambili kwakucatshangwa ukuthi - futhi inyama okumsulwa akuvamile ukushintsha ukudla kwabo. Goodall chimpanzee wabukela mathupha bebonke ezingelwa izingulube nezinkawu encane.

Jane waba ngowokuqala owaqala ukuba ngiveze amagama NEZIMFENE. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngisho manje, abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isihloko test kuyadingeka ukuze inombolo ye-serial, ukuze ngingasebenzisi ukunikeza Umbala siqu. Jane futhi cabanga ngendlela ehlukile, enikeza yenkawu igama elehlukile, isibonelo, uDavide grey-bearded darnel.

La maqembu emnyama empilweni yenkawu

Inkathi ngayinye yonyaka baletha izinto ezintsha zocwaningo. Nokho, kuze kube-70 Jane sibhekene izinhlangothi abesabekayo ukuziphatha yenkawu. Wayekholelwa ukuthi lezi zilwane abantu kangcono, kodwa owokuqala owakwazi ukubona futhi uchaze impi phakathi chimpanzee. Esiqiwini, ngaphezu clan, eyayiphansi ukubhekwa, kwakukhona amaqembu ambalwa lezi zilwane. Phakathi nokubusa omunye umholi clan eqa waya kwenye ingxenye kwepaki esilisa. Umholi omusha unqume ukuqala impi ukulwa nawo. Amaqhinga ka kwaliwa silula: isitha ukulandela phansi eyodwa ngesikhathi, eshayiwe ulunywe yisilwane, bese ziyafa. Maduze iphakethe alungise nayo yonke iminyango kwabesilisa.

Abanye abesifazane futhi isibonelo esifanele ukuthi sisilandele. Ngolunye usuku, Jane waphawula umkhuba abesabekayo abesifazane ababili ababekhethwe namazinyane azo osanda kuzalwa ezinye izinkawu babadle.

Nokho, kunabantu bafanelwe yinhlonipho. Ngokwesibonelo, izimfene amabili amajuba owakhula engenayise abazali, ezithathwe izintandane. Minyaka yonke, Jane sabona ukuthi akuwona kakhulu chimpanzee zihluke abantu. Waze ephethwe ukungena iqembu izilwane, lapho kube "umngane" ka omunye nabesifazane esiphakeme.

Eminyakeni eyalandela, Goodall wenze eningi ethakazelisayo futhi ewusizo mayelana nama-chimpanzee ukuphila. Yonke imicabango yakhe, yena evezwe izincwadi, eziningi zazo, ngeshwa, akazange zihunyushelwe Russian. Dzheyn Gudoll isibe omunye ososayensi edume kunayo zokugcina primatologists leminyaka, izimpendulo zemibuzo eminingi ngokuphila yenkawu.