Imisebenzi oblongata medulla, kanye nezinye izingxenye obungemuva

Ngokwesiko izivivinyo nokwakheka emayunivesithi-non-wezokwelapha umbuzo mayelana obungemuva athobele isibalo esikhulu sezinto amaphutha. Kungani lokhu kwakwenzeka? Iqiniso lokuthi leli gama lasi abasemazingeni ahlukahlukene. Kwesinye isenzakalo, ama-obungemuva ngokuthi diamond ubuchopho, okwesibili - imfundo kancane, okuyinto empeleni igama obungemuva (kuhlanganise kwebhuloho kanye cerebellum). kumiswa tangle ngowokuqala yesibili akunakwenzeka, ngoba ingxenye yokuqala yesibili.

Obungemuva - zokwakheka zasendulo impela, incwadi butholakala ngisho ezihuquzelayo. Kubantu, ke wenza umsebenzi olula kuka e ezihuquzelayo ngoba imisebenzi eziyinkimbinkimbi ukusithatha imfundo entsha - yesibili futhi forebrain. Nokho, lapho ufunda mayelana obungemuva, musa sikhathale ukuzibuza uvale zonke nomusa komunye nomunye kanjani futhi uqinisekise ukuthi wonke wokuphila kusekelwe isimiso esitholakala iphethini efanayo, kuphela izinhlobo ezingcono izakhi ngabanye more xaka.

imisebenzi obungemuva ngomqondo obanzi (sikhumbule ukuthi kulokhu "emuva" - bekhuluma "okwedayimane") zahlukahlukene kakhulu, ihlanganisa umsebenzi we oblongata medulla, Pons kanye cerebellum. okunengqondo Iningi ukuqala izingxoxo nge indaba oblongata medulla, ngoba le ngxenye ngokuqondile okuhlobene emgogodleni futhi isindala ngokungavamile.

Ngakho, umsebenzi we oblongata medulla ungahlukaniswa ngokuvamile ube yizigaba ezimbili. Okokuqala, isakhiwo iqhube amaza kusukela "ongaphansi" futhi kusukela medulla ngenhla, ezikhungweni onegunya ngaphezulu. Nokho, kukhona esinye isigaba imisebenzi - umsebenzi langempela oblongata medulla, it has izinjongo zalo siqu, okuyinto izikhungo obungemuva musa ziyiqaphelisise. Lo mnyango - wemfanelo "umculi", okuyinto waphinda akazihluphi "abakhulu," futhi ubhekene nezinkinga "tekuchkoj". Yiziphi nemisebenzi oblongata medulla okulula ezizimele?

Okokuqala, kukhona ama-receptor okuqukethwe carbon dioxide egazini, kusenza ukuphefumula hhayi ukushoda oksijini ngokweqile carbon dioxide. Ngakho-ke, uma umuntu iphoqa yena ukuze udonsa kakhulu umoya isikhashana, i-dioxide carbon kuthatha isikhathi eside kunokuvamile, nokuphefumula kwezimila is engasenamahloni. Ngemva okuyinto umuntu enomuzwa ukushoda oxygen. Cabanga ngemizwa yakho uma udokotela ucele udonsa kakhulu umoya - abaningi kakhulu ngemva isiyezi ngenxa yokuthi kwathatha kakhulu carbon dioxide, nokuphefumula kwezimila is asithinteki. Medulla ehilelekile kokulawulwa ugqozi lokuphelelwa isikhathi, nakuba futhi unalo "Shona" amancane - ibhuloho elikhulula isigqi ukuphefumula.

Okwesibili, izici medulla oblongata zihlanganisa ukulawula inhliziyo umsebenzi. Kulesi sikhungo lisuke izinzwa zombili izinhlobo ibhethri izinhlelo. Ngozwela ingxenye obhekene ukuhlanganisa ukusabela ngokomthetho ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, futhi parasympathetic - nesokuphumula futhi alulame. Kuyacaca ukuthi bobabili zilawulwa inhliziyo, usheshisa noma ingasheshi isigqi. A medulla uyakusiza kuhlelembisa nemisebenzi yabo. Nokho, "phezulu" iqembu lakhe kungavela izikhungo ngokomzwelo zobuchopho - izakhiwo subcortical, bese inhliziyo ishaya ophilisayo kubonakale.

Okwesithathu, kukhona isikhungo vasomotor, elibhekene nomse- ingcindezi. Le ngxenye ngenkuthalo ibambisane nezinye izingxenye zobuchopho ezifana le ngxenye, kodwa evamile izimo medulla ukubhekana bebodwa.

Okwesine, oblongata medulla bekulokhu Empeleni ukuthi thina asisibo ngokuvamile uyazi. ikhaliphe esingokwemvelo, okusho ukuthi, ukukhwehlela, ukuhlanza, sneezing, ukugwinya.

Ake sibuyele nezinye izingxenye obungemuva, bese ukhuluma ngalokho obungemuva langempela. Wakhe ingxenye - kwebhuloho - iyaguquka kusuka ugqozi yisikhathi kanye okuphambene nalokho. Kukhona futhi izikhungo amabhangqa amaningana nezinzwa cranial. umsebenzi we cerebellum - kusebentisana ukunyakaza kanye inkumbulo motor (kanye izikhungo ngaphezulu).

Njengoba singabona, ubuchopho okwedayimane wenza umsebenzi obalulekile zobuchopho, ukuthi kuyadingeka sokusinda ngomzuzwana. Ngakho, ubuchopho usengozini ngakho uma umonakalo lezizigaba.