Erhard Milch - Field Marshal we Luftwaffe, iPhini Goering sika. IMpi Yezwe II

Erhard Milch wayengomunye wabaholi evelele kunazo zonke laseJalimane lobuNazi. Uye labetibambile izikhundla eziphezulu ku amabutho sokubusa kwamaNazi. Ngase mathupha Hitler. Yena negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni Air Force. Goering kwaba iphini ukuthi ukubukelwa. Waba nesandla ukufika kokuba amaNazi ethathe umbuso.

biography

Wazalwa phezu wamashumi amathathu Mashi 1892 esifundazweni Hannover. Abazali bakhe kunodokotela ocebile ngempela. Ngaleso sikhathi, isikhundla wemithi sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi ngempela ohloniphekile emphakathini. Erhard uyise wayengumJuda nonina - owesifazane German. Ngemva kokuqeda esikoleni, le nsizwa enquma aye empini. Ufuna ukungena embuthweni Navy. Nokho, amabutho imperial akazange athathe ngenxa yomsuka Jewish kayise. Kodwa Milch uphathe ukubhalisa esikoleni ibutho wezikhali. Ngemva konyaka, ngo-1911, wathola isikhundla uLieutenant.

Impi yokuqala

Ngomnyaka weshumi nane kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala iqala. Erhard Milch iqala inkonzo e wezikhali. Nokho, ehlobo ngomnyaka weshumi nanhlanu wathunyelwa e-Air Force. Kube ithalente lakhe. Ngokushesha waqonda butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yomsebenzi izindiza ezintsha kanye amaphuzu wezindlela impi emoyeni. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu wathola isikhundla sokuba ukaputeni. Ngu ekupheleni kwempi kwaba umlawuli esebenza we ibutho lesithupha. Kwaphela iminyaka emine emasimini ukulwa imisebenzi ke wethulwa ezimbili Iron Cross. A umhlala kuze kufike endaweni ebekelwe ngo-1920.

Ngemva konyaka, ngemva kokubuya kwakhe isevisi enquma ekugcineni ukuxhuma ukuphila kwakhe zezindiza. Uqala i "Junkers" e enkampanini enkulu. Ngalesi sikhathi eJalimane ukuza ezikhathini ezinzima. Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali ebhubhisa reyskhmarki. Ezimweni esibucayi kakhulu kwezomnotho of the Weimar Republic namanje futhi ziphoqelelwe ukuba zikhokhe imali yokulungisa umonakalo omkhulu emazweni-umbimbi. Futhi wonke ukukhiqizwa esilawulwa ngamazwe. Ungayembethe imfundo professional, Erhard Milch kunalokho ngokushesha ezihambayo up isitebhisi umsebenzi. Wayengumuntu abonakele futhi unonya. Ukuze balwe aphoyintimenti zokuphatha ekukhiqizeni, wasebenzisa ezihlukahlukene tricks kanye gimmicks. Besatshiswa bese becindezela izimbangi. Ngenxa izingobe yabo ngonyaka wamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili ka-Erhard Milch baba umqondisi ophethe ku-Lufthansa. Kulokhu, inkampani ngokwawo ziyancipha omkhulu.

Ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa

Ukuwa komnotho kuholela kuvalwe amabhizinisi amaningi. "Lufthansa" Kwase kusele kancane ucabanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhambisana iSivumelwano SaseVersailles I Weimar Republic ayengenalo ilungelo lokusithola ekukhiqizeni zezindiza ezempi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni kuye kwaba isiqinisekiso ukukhokhwa yokulungisa umonakalo. Nokho, iSivumelwano Rapallo kancane ukudambisa isimo. izinkampani German bavunyelwa ukuvula amagatsha endaweni Soviet Russia. Milch umzamo omkhulu ukukhulisa inkampani kusuka phansi. Nokho, ubuholi ukwazi kwamenza hhayi kuphela ukugcina ukukhathazeka, kodwa futhi ukuba uwulethe abaholi zezindiza emhlabeni.

Bangazihluphi ngokuthola isikhundla ukhiye emkhakheni umkhakha isiJalimane, Erhard waba ingcindezi enkulu ku-izimbangi zayo. Waqala nge umqashi wakhe Hugo Junkers. Wayenezinkomo omunye yezinkampani ezinkulu zezindiza e-Europe. Kodwa Hugo ngokuqinile wema izikhundla anti-impi, okuyiwona kwesokudla-wing populists zivame owabeka kuye ukugxekwa. Milch laqala ukugxeka le Junkers. Ngenxa yalokho, wakwazi ukuba aphumelele. Imbangi waboshwa. Junkers ahlinzekwa inkululeko esenana ukudluliselwa yokuzithandela bakukhathalele nobunikazi isimo.

Ukuxhumana namaNazi

Ngokuzayo ensimini marshal zezindiza Erhard Milch kwakuhambisana nezinga amaNazi eside ngaphambi kokuthola okuthunyelwe lakhe lempi. Esikhathini eko wabona amandla ezepolitiki kuthandwa. Rich Milch waba abaxhasi National Socialist, futhi ngazo zonke izindlela ukuze sibasize. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu zazivela izithakazelo iyasebenza, benethemba lokuthola izinzuzo emva uHitler eqala ukubusa. Phela, uyise wayengumJuda, futhi kwamaJuda kwaba legumbi zamaNazi. Erhard uye walungiselela nokuxhasa ngezimali Goering. Kuyinto naye, futhi waxhumana kakhulu. Nyanga zonke azibalayo a izimpawu ayizinkulungwane ku-akhawunti yakhe. Futhi inikeza ngamasevisi zohambo zawo NSDAP. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuthi kwanika uHitler izindiza yesimanje.

Rise ukuze amandla

Ekubeni yisikhonzi, Göring waqala athole iqembu elisha. Wayazi ukuthi kwakungase kuphele kwamaNazi kufanele libuyiselwe izindiza. Kodwa-ke kwakudingekile ukuba athathe isinyathelo ngokushesha futhi nimbly. Ngakho-ke, Goering waphendukela umngane wakhe ubudala Milch. Wawuyeka izikhundla zezombusazwe ngoba bengafuni ukusebenza kulawo ngaphambi kokuba exhasiwe. Ukuze aqinisekise Erhard, uHitler umhlangano siqu naye.

Milch wathatha isivumelwano, kodwa engajabule nalo. Bet on amaNazi senziwa kuphela ngenxa yesifiso ukuvikela amalungelo "Lufthansa" kuhulumeni. Kodwa sokudumisa wakwazi ukukholisa usomabhizinisi, futhi iba entsha uNgqongqoshe Erhard Milch. AyengumJuda ngokuzalwa okungenani abakwazanga ukubamba yiliphi ihhovisi komphakathi okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ngaso umhlabeleli angase badingiselwa emakamu okuhlushwa. Kodwa Milch simele inzuzo omkhulu kwamaNazi. Ngakho-ke, Goering uqobo wayala ukuba "ukulungiswa" biography of Erhard. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngisho ngokuthi unina Berlin. Wabhala ephepheni lapho aveza khona ukuthi uyise Erhard kuyinto German naye kwadingeka ubuhlobo eyimfihlo.

Umsebenzi ukukhula

U-Inspector General of the Luftwaffe baqhubeka umzabalazo okuqinile nabo kakade uhulumeni. Kwaphela iminyaka emihlanu kuyimi wayengaphuli ukhushuliwe jikelele. Nokho, ukuze ngonyaka wamashumi amane, waba ngaphezulu futhi kaningi kukhona ukungqubuzana Goering. izinguquko ezinkulu eyenzeke embonini zezindiza ngonyaka wamashumi amathathu nesishiyagalolunye, lapho iMpi Yezwe II yaqala. Erhard kuchazwe kafushane isimo ngokuthi "ithuba eliyingqayizivele asize lesi sizwe." Eqinisweni, esikhiqiza indiza entsha akwenza uthole imali enkulu.

Ngenxa yempi, Germany ubekade ukungavunyelwa kwabantu bakwamanye amazwe. Ukudiliva kwezinsiza abaningi baye bayeka, ukukhiqizwa kuyinkimbinkimbi. Ngemva kuhlaselwa the oda uhulumeni eSoviet Union sakhula kuphela zokukhiqiza. Futhi, Hitler anxenxa ngcono imiklamo ekhona. Ernst Udet, esasiphethe ke, wayengasenakukwazi ukubekezelela. Esikhathini ngonyaka wamashumi amane nanye, yena uyazibulala. Yena salandelwa Milch. Yena sazilahla ukuthuthukiswa yokuthuthukisa amaphrojekti amatjha futhi bakhetha ukukwaka phezu, imodeli ekhona eside ziphumelela. Ngonyaka nje owodwa wayekwazi ukuzikhuthaza ukwenza ngcono ukukhiqiza izitshalo. Ngokwesibonelo, izindiza abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nantathu zavezwa ngomnyaka wamashumi amane nane. Ngesikhathi iSoviet Union ngesikhathi lakhipha abayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nesithupha.

ezombusazwe

Eqinisweni, ngokuba indima eyihloko Luftwaffe, Milch wazama Goering. Phakathi kwabo njalo kubaneka nozungu. Isekela Goering Hitler Milch babeze bakhale kumqashi wakhe. Wachaza Ukunganeliseki yakhe izenzo Herman nokuwubuwula phakathi supply emoyeni sibhajwe kwaseStalingrad Pawulu. Kodwa uHitler wayekholelwa ukuthi Göring - sibalo ezifanele esengeziwe inkulumo-ze.

Njengoba okuningi njengoba Milch noma ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe, zonke izindiza yakhe njalo amuncwa nempi yezwe yesibili. Kafushane kufakazelwa izibalo German zezindiza ukulahleka Eastern Front kumaviki amabili kweSoviet esiphikisayo ukuhlaselwa: ezindizeni 70 ngosuku. Ngakho-ke, Hitler yafuna ukukhiqiza izimoto abaningi, ikakhulukazi ngemva Allied lihlala laseNormandy. Futhi lapho inani elidingekayo ekuhlaseleni awanikwanga, uHitler Milch axoshwe kokuthunyelwe kwakhe. Ngemva kwalokho Erhard kwaba kuphahlazeka indiza, okuyinto, walimala.

Ukuboshwa nokubulawa

Field Marshal Erhard Milch waboshwa ngonyaka wamashumi amane nanhlanu okwesine Meyi.
amabutho IsiZulu ambamba ogwini aseBaltic. Wayengumuntu ilungu eNuremberg nokulingwa. Ngomnyaka wamatshumi amane nesikhombisa, wagwetshwa udilikajele. Kodwa Milch wakwazi ukudlula iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Wakusebenzela amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene futhi wafa ngonyaka ayisikhombisa yesibili.