Lenin ne log ngesikhathi sokuzithandela: incazelo yesehlakalo, izithombe, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Labo izakhamuzi, owayefundelwa esikhathini eSoviet Union, kahle ukukhumbula isithombe Ivanov sika "VI Lenin at sokuzithandela ne amalogi Kremlin. " Kule ndaba lalotshwa engaphezu kwenkulungwane indaba ngesihloko esithile esikoleni, ezwakalisa ukumamukela ka umkhulu ohlakaniphile Ilyich - umngane izingane kanye nezisebenzi, obona isimo esimenza isibonelo sakhe siqu ifakazela ukuthi akesabi okhandlayo. Nokho, eziningi zalezi zingane njengoba abadala, ungalokothi ebuzwa ukucabanga kuphi futhi kanjani Lenin ehudula lwamakholi, futhi ngokuvamile lokho akwenzayo. Esihlokweni sethu sizozama ukugqamisa le nkinga.

Lenin ne lwamakholi

Ukudweba Ivanov kungesilo kuphela lapho Lenin - Umholi yesigaba sabasebenzi emhlabeni kanye umngane wabo bonke abantu - enza umsebenzi onzima. Ubude okuye kwabhalwa imidwebo eziningana esibonisa Lenin ne log (isithombe), noma kokwenza umsebenzi okhandlayo njengoba isisebenzi abavamile:

1. D.Borovsky futhi M. Klionsky "-May 1, 1920 (Lenin at sokuzithandela)."
2. M. Sokolov "VI Lenin ngesikhathi Zonke ahlanzekile-May 1, 1920 ".
3. N. Sysoev "Lenin subbotnik ku Kremlin."
4. E. Shatov "Lenin futhi amaBolshevik eziteshini ukwakhiwa slalom."

Mhlawumbe abengeziwe abalobi engaziwa, nobemele kokubili Ilyich isisebenzi. Siye ohlwini imisebenzi kunazo owaziwa, okuyinto waziwa zesikole eziningi zaseSoviet. Uqondeni isithombe lapho wayechazwa Lenin ne-logi sikhathi? Sizama ukuqonda okwengeziwe.

Indawo amalogi ezibiyele?

Umbuzo wokuqala ukuthi ngokushesha efika engqondweni yakho uma ubona izithombe, elibonisa Lenin nge log, lapho benza izingodo ku ezibiyele?

izinhlobo ezahlukene udoti nezinto zokwakha wahlala phezu Red Square ngemva kokubhubhisa inguquko. amasosha abo nihlakazeke, ngothango ukwakha nje log. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaba yonke indawo ukungcola, doti, iminonjana imililo nomlotha. Konke lokhu is phetho engokwemvelo ngxabano ahlomile. Ngakho-ke, kwaba khona isidingo sezisebenzi wokuhlanza hhayi kuphela Red Square, kodwa futhi ezweni lonke.

Political PR-umkhankaso

Abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi Lenin wayechazwa nge log akuyona nje ukubukisa umsebenzi wakhe onzima awusebenza - kwaba wangempela wezepolitiki PR-mkhankaso, okuyinto iphishekela umgomo walo kungenye indaba.

Iqiniso ukuthi "kanzima zokusebenza" Ilyich wahamba log on ensimini YaseMoscow ezibiyele Armoury ukuba Tsar Cannon - ibanga kwamamitha ambalwa kuphela. Ngemva kwalokho, umhlaba sabasebenzi umholi engakaze ibonwe ngoba okhandlayo. Nokho, izithombe nale mlando umcimbi nakopirovali wesifundo ngasinye sesikolo, ifektri endaweni yokukhanda. Kungani lo wenze oku? Ake uchaze into omunye zemibono kamuva esihlokweni.

Three esitimela ngabunye

Lapho uhulumeni wethu akusho ukuthi yini enye anayo le abantu bakithi, njengoba besho okufanayo catch ibinzana, "ukuphila uju akuzange kubonakale" ke efika ukusiza izakhamuzi ngokwabo, okwenza isinqumo esifanele.

Entwasahlobo ka-1919 , iSoviet Russia kwaba esimweni esinzima kwezomnotho, okuyinto kwabangelwa umphumela we Revolution futhi kulwiwa. Enye yezinkinga sina langaleso sikhathi laliwumfuziselo ukusebenza abampofu ojantshi, ikakhulukazi i Ukushoda okukhulu kwabantu abahamba izitimela zamalahle.

Khona-ke ukusebenza edepho "Moscow-ukuhlunga" Moscow-Kazan sesitimela ngokuzithandela bavumelana ukukhulula umsebenzi owengeziwe emva shift umsebenzi. Lo mcimbi senzeka ngobusuku 11 ngo-April 12, 1919 ngoMgqibelo. Ngobusuku obubodwa, abasebenzi abangu-15 baye balungisa 3 injini.

Yokugqilazeka yokuzithandela

Ngokwemvelo, isifiso esinjalo zabantu abasebenza kwaba bakhuthazwe. Ngemva kwalokho, wonke isitshalo unqume ngokuzithandela ukuqhuba izenzakalo ezifanayo masonto onke kwaze kwaba bayonqoba ngokuphelele phezu Kolchak. Lo mcimbi emenza ukukhanya umqondo impumelelo sezenhlalo ngokuthi "NgoMgqibelo" - okungukuthi, khulula umsebenzi wokuzithandela ngenzuzo "ikusasa eliqhakazile."

isinyathelo Wide zabantu ukhathazekile ngokushesha yabakhanga apharathasi isimo. On isenzo esifanayo Meyi 10, 1919 ocime abantu 205. Yiqiniso, sehlo abakwazanga ukuya emphakathini, izintatheli nabezombusazwe. Yaqala iphromoshini omkhulu yokuzithandela zabasebenzi ezingakhokhwanga.

"Ekuqaleni Omkhulu"

Kunengqondo, lokho kufanele yemicimbi engenhla kuya imidwebo, lapho Lenin has a log? Empeleni - oqondile.

Ngemva kosuku emsebenzini Meyi 10, 1919 umholi yesigaba sabasebenzi emhlabeni, wabhala isihloko sakhe, "Isiqalo Omkhulu". Kule nkulumo wachaza ukuthi is ideologically walungisiswa ukunyakaza entsha yokuzithandela zabasebenzi ezingakhokhwanga. Ngakho, ngenxa yesifiso esiqotho ukusiza abasebenzi abavamile revolution, mhlawumbe isifiso evamile ugazi umbuso omusha osungulwe precedent zomlando, esagcina esetshenziswa iziphathimandla ukwethulwa "ngokuzithandela" umsebenzi jikelele futhi kusakazeke ezingakhokhwanga ngeMigqibelo. Umlando Kuthi efana edumile "Stakhanov ukunyakaza", lapho abasebenzi abaningi uzibophezele "Izenzo zomsebenzi", nekwandzisa umtsamo ukukhiqizwa izikhathi eziningana ephakeme kunokuvamile.

Inkinga ngoba omunye ukuthi ubuqhawe babo beba sivamile bonke abanye esikhathini esizayo, ngakho ukuba "uhlelo Stakhanovists" babephathwa njengoba izitha zabantu abavamile. Into ethi ayifane kwaphawuleka lapha: isinyathelo zaphambukela 15 abasebenza inkulumo-ze mass zomsebenzi khulula kulo lonke leli zwe. Futhi izenzo ezinjalo kungeyokuzithandela kuphela ephepheni. Abaningi kamuva ngisho ixoshe kusuka imisebenzi yabo emsebenzini kuphela yokuthi benqaba "ngokuzithandela" iqhaza ahlanzekile-up.

Nxausiya ngesonto ukusebenza wezinsuku eziyisithupha ngo-1940, igama elisha - "ngamaSonto", njengoba umsebenzi evamile yokuzithandela alisasebenzi. Kwaze kwaba 22 iCongress of the CPSU (Mashi 29 - Mashi 8, 1966), lapho kwanqunywa ukubuyisela wezinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto ukusebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo welithi "umsebenzi wokuzithandela" kabusha lingena silulumagama kokujwayelekile izakhamuzi zaseSoviet.

Lenin ne log njengoba ukukhuthazwa jikelele zabasebenzi khulula

UMbuso, yebo, efana "indlela phansi-up" nge khulula zabasebenzi mass. Manje-ke kwakudingekile ukwethula ngalombono lonke lelo zwe. isinyathelo ejwayelekile ngisho lonke isitshalo akuyona i-agumenti ubani bazokwazi ukwenza onke udoti kusuka ngempelasonto ayo bese uthola umsebenzi khulula. Kwakudzingeka lwezepolitiki PR-mkhankaso. Yingakho-May 1, 1920, uLenin wathatha log, uye wawubuyisela a amamitha ambalwa bese, abaculi abaningi baye ukuboniswa kuyo imisebenzi yabo.

amakhophi obengeziwe lezi zithombe ayahlakazeka ukuze wonke amagumbi ezweni lethu. Sense, cabanga, kucace kuwo wonke umuntu: ngisho umholi omkhulu eshiya ngeMigqibelo ukuze senze izwe lethu libe yindawo engcono. Futhi yini kangcono ngamunye wethu, ukuthi ngeke ukusebenza mahhala ngenxa lekusasa eliqhakazile? Ngakho, uLenin kwaba ilogi ukukhulula yezabasebenzi mass ezweni lonke. Kungashiwo okufanayo waphawula ezindabeni namuhla, ngokwesibonelo, iyiphi Governor watshala noma kwesokunxele ngoMgqibelo wokuhlanza, noma yimuphi usaziwayo wenqaba ukuhamba ngemoto ngenxa imvelo kanye nabanye.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-mass khulula and eziphoqelelwe zabasebenzi hhayi esichazwa ngokuthi "ukuxhashazwa unya", kodwa 'njengeNdodana ukuthi ukwedlulela kuleso sigaba isiyalo omusha wezabasebenzi. " Phakathi naleso mpi, njengoba besho, ngoba futhi ngabaleka.

Ukudweba njengendlela yokuthola ze mass

AmaBolshevik wasebenzisa okokuqala imisebenzi abaculi ngenhloso ze. Izinzuzo zicacile: amaphephandaba kanye izindaba zomsakazo ayisheshi ukulibaleka. Akekho enquma izithombe ezivela emaphephandabeni bese uzinamathisela ezindongeni. Nge izithombe okufanayo akunjalo: basilengisa e canteens, ngoba kulotshiwe ukuthi Tindzaba esikoleni, hang in the izindawo ezivelele kunazo zonke. Lenin nge log, obiza a okukhulu zabasebenzi khulula, kwakunokwenzeka ukubona zonke ibhizinisi Soviet.

Kumbiko akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa inkulumo ethi "izindaba ezindala" njengoba omuhle wobuciko, kunokuba imibiko yezindaba, ngakho ukusebenza ungakhokhelwa ngoMgqibelo njalo okwakubalulekile.