Fish-hybrid: izinzuzo phezu amafomu okumsulwa. Ukusetshenziswa hybridization

Bekanye zinhlobo okuhlanzekile kuyinto ukusetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla aquaculture nenhlanzi-hybrid. Kuyinto ongowenani elikhulu ngenxa yomsebenzi zazo ziyofuna ukudla, ukukhula okusheshayo nokuzinza izifo eziningi.

hybridization inhlanzi

Emvelweni khona ngezinye izikhathi ukweqa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene izinhlanzi ngokwemvelo. Nokho, lezi nzalo awunawo izimfanelo ezidingekayo lomuntu. Olwenziwe ososayensi kanye abalimi ukusebenza ecabanga ngokugcinwa imithetho ethile sibathelela uhlobo olusha inhlanzi, okuyinto kunezimo eziningi phezu zinhlobo okumsulwa.

Ekuqaleni izinto ukweqa zenzeka kakhulu omkhaya Cyprinidae ke lapho izinhlanzi - Sturgeon hybrid nge Sturgeon, le Sturgeon, njll ...

hybridization Meaning

Eminyakeni yamuva, ngenxa lenyuka Hydro, ushintsho umbuso amanzi emifula, okuholela ukwehla kwenani zezinhlanzi ezithile, ikakhulukazi Sturgeon. Kulesi simo, hybridization kubaluleke kakhulu ukongiwa kwezinhlobo ezibalulekile kakhulu. I nzalo okuholela yokuzalanisa Sturgeon babe ukusebenza ephakeme kanye nokukhula ngokushesha. Lokhu kwenza kwabo inzuzo zizalela zezimboni, okuvumela ukuthola izinga izinhlanzi okusezingeni eliphezulu emva zonyaka ezikhulayo 2-3 kuphela.

Yakha izinhlobo ezintsha kukhona eziqinile futhi ithele ukuze ingasetshenziswa izinhlanzi ukulima kulolu lwandle, imigomo okungakwazi kubhekwe esihle izinhlanzi izindlela enobungane. Basuke ngcono kakhulu bazivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha. Ngokwesibonelo, isibuko carp futhi carp Amur e iziphambano ayithelanga inzalo kokuba hardiness okusezingeni eliphezulu. Iqiniso lokuthi nzalo amafutha aqoqana ngokushesha kakhulu, ngakho wakubekezelela abandayo lula kakhulu. Ngenxa yokwanda okusheshayo nokuqala kwemihelo-nobusika, kakade kakhulu ikhule futhi ukuhlangabezana yayo kakade ehlanganisiwe. Fish-hybrid, ngokungafani ifomu okumsulwa, bangaphila futhi sikhule amadamu akhiwe enyakatho ekude.

carp Common nzalo

ezithakazelisayo kakhulu iyona hybrid carp futhi carp crucian. Le nhlanzi hardier kakhulu futhi kancane ukungenwa yizifo kuka carp, zikhula ngokushesha futhi filet simnandi kakhulu, okuyinto engase ifaniswe izinga izinhlanzi fillet zinhlobo okumsulwa.

Zidala yegolide eqondana c ukukhiqizwa kabusha inkathi ukuthintana nezinye izinhlanzi. Lokhu kujwayele ukwenzeka ngo-May Nango-June. Ngalesi sikhathi, kukhona ngokuvamile inezimpabano engokwemvelo carp crucian. ngaleyo ndlela kuphela etholwe amafomu amasha awunawo elidingekayo.

Hybrid carp futhi carp Dnieper wadala ngenjongo yokuzalela izinhlanzi emasimini elayisi, le zazo ukujula alanele ukuze carp ezivamile, nge emuva okusezingeni eliphezulu. Nzalo ngofuzo carp ongaphakeme emuva, futhi izimo zokuphila ngabo kulawo masimu elayisi zazinzima evumayo. Hybrid carp futhi carp nazo ngaphezulu ngiyijwayele impilo ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, njengoba amaqanda bese Fry kwabo esikuzuze njengefa ku-carp ukumelana okushisa aphansi.

Ngo imizimba amanzi yasemakhaya ngenxa wenzalo eziphakeme ezivamile carp hybrid. Wayevame ingena esikhundleni carp nezinye izinhlanzi.

nzalo ka Sturgeon

Kakhulu ukusebenza okusezingeni eliphezulu yabonisa hybrid ezifuywa abalimi ngo-1950 bewela nge Sturgeon sterlet. Mayelana 180 kg isisindo sakhe safinyelela ngemuva kwezinyanga 10.

Beluga, ngokuba izinhlanzi kunazo zonke kwezingu-Sturgeon, Sturgeon nokuthi kulencane yathela izinhlobo ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo okuthiwa Bester. Ukuba izici ekwakhekeni nasekumeni komzimba isisindo sezinhlanzi Sturgeon hybrid zingatshalwa ngempela ngempumelelo e amanzi aqabulayo. Ngokokuqala ngqá lesi silwane kuye kwakhishwa eRussia ngo-1952 futhi sethulwa ngo yesigaba sabasebenzi Reservoir futhi oLwandle Azov. UBester wagwetshwa yinkantolo eThekwini ithole eziningi izimfanelo best of the beluga futhi sterlet kuwo eliyifa inyama emnandi kakhulu futhi okunomsoco. Neminyaka emithathu, lokhu hybrid ifinyelela isisindo 3 kg.

Abaningi kwesigubhu, lapho kancane kancane ukuxhumana zinhlobo Sturgeon abantu abaye balahlekelwa umsebenzi, sibonga hybridization wathola indlela entsha izinhlanzi bewela spike futhi stellate Sturgeon. Lokhu hybrid nesisindo 30 kg ukuvuthwa ngokushesha okuningi kunalokho amafomu sabazali. izilwane Young we nokuqinisela efanayo idlula zonke ezinye zezinhlanzi Sturgeon. Namuhla, le nhlanzi-hybrid phezu iVolga phakathi kwanda eziningi zokudoba.

Imigomo Sturgeon hybridization

Ukuze ukutshala ngempumelelo Sturgeon nzalo program avumelane nemibandela ethile. Lezi zinhlanzi ungathandi emanzini angajulile, ngakho ukujula kumele kube abalulekile. Kufanele futhi kungabi emanzini izimila kakhulu, filaria ikakhulukazi engathandeki, ngezinye izikhathi amachibi yene njengoba inhlanzi ukugaxela ke. Ponds nge ezinzulwini ezinodaka akuzona ofanele Sturgeon, ngoba ngokuvamile ezidla kwamanzi phansi.

Ukuze ezikhipha umncintiswano ukudla, kutuswa ukuzalela Sturgeon izinhlobo herbivorous, ezifana, isibonelo, njengoba carp isiliva utshani carp. Fish-hybrid kufanele basakaza on the imizimba amanzi, kucatshangelwa ubukhulu kanye nobudala, ngoba abantu abathile zivame ukudla abasha zezinhlobo omdala.

hybridization nebubi

Growing nzalo kudinga izimo ezikahle. Ukusuka kancane kusukela lezi zidingo kungaholela yokulimala isakhiwo Yekhanda noma operculum. Nge umsoco enganele ngesikhathi indwelling izinhlanzi amachibi ne wake enodaka kukhona ukukhubazeka ezihlukahlukene, kanye neminye imingcele eminingi.

Okubalulekile kuyindlela ukuwela. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho nezibiliboco carp avundiswa carp milt, uzuze imiphumela emihle kakhulu hybrid hardiness. Kodwa lapho lezi zinyoni ekhiqizwa, efaka umquba amaqanda carp, izakhiwo ezinjalo ngeke kutholakale.