Human izinzwa kanye nemisebenzi yabo

Imiqondo zomuntu ekuxhumaneni yayo nezwe elingaphandle. Sinenkosi abantu abahlanu:

- uhlaka umbono - amehlo;

- isitho ezwa - abesezindlebeni zabo;

- iphunga - ekhaleni;

- touch - lesikhumba;

- ukunambitheka - ulimi.

Bonke basabela ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle.

Izitho zokunambitha

Kumuntu ukunambitheka isici. Lokhu kungenxa amaseli akhethekile ukuthi banesibopho ukunambitheka. Zitholakala olimini bahlangane efihlekile ukunambitheka, ngamunye ephethe amaseli phakathi 30 futhi 80.

Lezi ezokunambitha esisogwini ulimi njengengxenye papillae mushroom emise, olwaluhlanganisa bonke ubuso nolimi.

Olimini kunezinye efihlekile ukuthi ukuqaphela izinto ezahlukene. Kunezinhlobo eziningana focus, ngalinye elikwazi Kwehlukanisa okuthandwa "wakho".

Ngokwesibonelo, okunosawoti futhi amnandi inquma ichopho ulimi okwakumunyu - kwesisekelo salo, futhi omuncu - ebusweni lateral.

isitho olfactory

amaseli olfactory kukhona emnsalweni engenhla. microparticles ehlukahlukene ingena ezinhlwini amavesi acinene ukuze nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, ngaleyo ndlela mbeni amaseli obhekene lokuhogela. Lokhu lula izinwele ekhethekile kukhona isikhwehlela mkhulu.

Ubuhlungu, ethintekayo kanye lokushisa ukuzwela

Nginomuzwa wokuthi umuntu yalolu hlobo ibalulekile kakhulu, ngoba ikuvumela ukuvikela izingozi ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba.

receptor Special chithi saka emzimbeni wethu ebusweni. On abandayo asabela ngayo Kholodov, ukushisa - ukushisa, ubuhlungu - ubuhlungu, uthinte - ethintekayo.

receptor Iningi ethintekayo lisendaweni sezindebe futhi phezu kalula. Ngamanye izingxenye zomzimba efana receptor ingasaphathwa.

Uma uthinta lutho, bamcasula receptor ethintekayo. Ezinye zazo ebucayi ngaphezulu, abanye - kancane, kodwa ulwazi oluqoqwe uthunyelwa ebuchosheni ihlaziye.

emehlweni

izinzwa ebantfu afaka ekhatsi zomzimba ezinkulu - ngokubona, sibonga ngalo sithola cishe 80% lonke ulwazi mayelana nezwe elingaphandle. Eye, imisipha oculomotor, apharathasi lacrimal, njll -. Ingabe izakhi isitho mbono.

I inhlamvu yeso has a amagobolondo ezimbalwa:

- sclera, okuthiwa i-cornea;

- choroid, wedlula phambi iris.

Eyeball ngaphakathi ihlukaniswe yaba ikamelo yagcwala okuqukethwe jelly-like okusobala. Amakhamera azungeze lens - disc okusobala ukuba ibukwe izinto ukuthi sekuseduze nakude.

Uhlangothi engaphakathi inhlamvu yeso, okuyinto obuhlukile iris futhi cornea, ungukukhanya-sensitive amaseli (izinduku kanye Izigaxa), okuyinto ukuguqula ukukhanya fluxes ku isignali kagesi enikeziwe kuya ebuchosheni nge emsipheni optic.

ama-apharathasi lacrimal senzelwe ukuvikela i-cornea kusuka emagciwaneni. uketshezi lacrimal kuyinto ngokuqhubekayo izona futhi moisturizes kobuso cornea, ukuhlinzeka inzalo yakhe. Lokhu lula eyelashes ngezikhathi ezithile eziqhamukayo.

ukuzwa

Faka izinzwa womuntu asizwe isitho ehlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu - endlebeni engaphakathi, maphakathi kanye yangaphandle. Lesi sakamuva - a usinki sokuzwa indlebe umsele. eardrum Away ehlukanisa maphakathi nendlebe, okuyinto isikhala elincane ngomunye sentimutha cubic.

I eardrum futhi endlebeni ufihle amathambo amancane amathathu, ngokuthi "isando", "isitibili" futhi "nensimbi", okunikeza ukudluliselwa kunyakaza umsindo kusukela eardrum kuya endlebeni. Zvukovosprinimayuschego somzimba umnenke, esemgwaqweni ezingaphakathi endlebeni.

Umnenke kuyinto tube encane, spirally basonta ukwakha ezimbili nengxenye uphendulela ekhethekile. Ligcwele uketshezi viscous. Ngezinye kokuthola kunyakaza umsindo kwangaphakathi indlebe uketshezi ziyadlula, okuyinto unyakaza futhi enza izinwele sezinzwa. Imininingwane ngesimo pulses ethunyelwe ubuchopho ihlaziye, futhi sizwa amatjhada.