I ukuma lomthofu

Hola - metal luhlaza bluish has a esikhulu gravity ethize kanye ubulukhuni kakhulu ubuncane (kungenziwa wasika ngommese). I ukuma lomthofu Kuyinto enjalo ukuthi kungenziwa bhotela emlilweni ekhaya. phambili Pure is ngokushesha embozwe i ifilimu oxide ne ukudunga. Ngezinye okushisa okuvamile phambili kuyinto inert ukuba acid kakhulu.

Ukuncibilika iphuzu phambili, abangenalo ukungcola, cishe mayelana 328 degrees. I oncibilikisiwe uhlobo zensimbi has a castability ezinhle. Lapho ethela phambili ku isikhunta isihlabathi kuyadingeka ukuthi ensimbi fluidity ezinhle, ngenxa yale njongo, ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga kulethwa lokushisa ngenhla lokuncibilika cishe 100-120 degrees. Kalula ngomshini, kwachuma okusezingeni eliphezulu ductility laminate metal kuyivumela esiphansi ishidi ukujiya kalula.

I abilayo lomthofu ungaphakathi uhla 1749 °.

In the state oncibilikisiwe it has a simo esishubile abalulekile, okwandisa nge lokushisa. uthuli Lead, kanye pair of oxides phambili zinobuthi umzimba womuntu. Ukuba khona e umzimba ka 0.3 g lomthofu noma izingxenye zalo, kuholela ubuthi ezinzima. Ngo inqubo crystallization ukuhola enkulu othambekele ukuncipha, ngokuvamile mayelana 3.5%. uqweqwe phambili eMhlabeni ngokuvamile utholakala ngesimo compounds, ngefomu okumsulwa, kuba impela ezingavamile.

Kwatholakala ukuthi ikakhulu butholakala ngesimo sulfides kwamadwala ahlukahlukene.

Njengoba ukungcola kungenzeka izakhi ezifana antimony, ithusi, insimbi, ithini, bismuth, i-arsenic, i-sodium, njll Iningi ukungcola kuyinto engathandeki, ikakhulukazi womshini izingxenye ezibucayi, ngoba wona aholela ukuguqulwa izakhiwo wamakhemikhali nezibulala mechanical kwensimbi. Zinc nomthofu bismuth ukunciphisa ukumelana acid. Ukuba khona magnesium noma calcium kuholela ekwandeni ngamandla, kanye metal elixutshiwe ne antimony, libhekene ukwanda multiple of ubulukhuni.

Ithusi kwandisa ukumelana umkhiqizo asihole acid sulfuric, barium yombala futhi lithium anda ubulukhuni. Lokuncibilika kwezinga lomthofu khona ukungcola akusho nezinguquko eziphawulekayo. Ububanzi kwesicelo imikhiqizo kusukela ububanzi phambili ngokwanele. abathengi ezisemakhaya kwatholakala ukuthi impahla ubhekwa ikhebula nebhethri ukukhiqizwa, lapho lisetshenziswa njengedivaysi emgodleni ikhebuli enkulu ekwakhekeni ibhethri amapuleti.

Made lomthofu udubule amachashazi. I ongaphakeme ukuma lomthofu avunyelwe esikhathini esidlule abazingeli ukwenza amachashazi futhi badutshulwa.

ikhono Anticorrosive lomthofu ukuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwalo sokusebenzisa ungqimba zokuzivikela ezintweni ezensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu impahla umthofu kabanzi womshini upende varnishes. A isici esiyinhloko sokulawula umkhumbi minium, okuyinto umbala ingxenye kwamanzi emkhunjini, kuyinto sombala esekelwe phambili.

Emgodleni phambili uyakwazi ngokuvikela ngokumelene ukugqwala kagesi ikhebula ngocingo wabeka ngaphanzi komhlaba, amanzi endaweni enobutha. Ngasiphi lokushisa zigcwale amanzi phambili, ithini bismuth ne-cadmium, ku-akhawunti enkulu ekwakhekeni fuses kagesi. Kuze kube namuhla funa nomthofu-acid amabhethri yezimoto, ukuzivikela kanye nezinye izimboni eziningi. Nokho, eminyakeni yamuva nje liqala ngenkuthalo ukusebenzisa nickel-cadmium amabhethri.

Umthofu Ezintweni ukwakheka ingxubevange kabanzi lisetshenziswe womshini Babbitt eziveza solder tin futhi Alloys phambili zokunyathelisa. AmaSpredishithi eyenziwe nomthofu-kwakuvikela X ray nakuma- emisebeni enemisebe. Ingozi yenzeke ku-1986, ngesikhathi eChernobyl, ephelezelwa okukhulu emisebeni enemisebe, ukuze ayeke loluhlelo ophendulayo, usebenzisa izikhwama shot phambili futhi izikhala phambili.

Ukuvikela abantu indiza ifake lesi siprofetho, phambili amashidi yasetshenziswa. I izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele phambili kulesi simo, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi zibalulekile.