I-wheel crane yesibhamu: amamaki, idivayisi, izici zobuchwepheshe

Imishini yokukhuphula imishini ekhethekile yemishini ekhethekile, ngaphandle kwalokho okulukhuni kakhulu ukucabanga ngokuphumelela kakhulu kwemisebenzi ehleliwe kwisakhiwo sokwakha, emhlanganweni wokukhiqiza, futhi kwezinye izimo, imisebenzi yokusesha nokukhulula (ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlaziywa kwamathambo emva kokuzamazama komhlaba). Akusho ngaphandle kokuthi umsebenzi ngamunye ukuphakamisa nokuhambisa imithwalo kuyoba nomqondo wokusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwamadivayisi afanayo. Kodwa, njengoba kuboniswa iminyaka eminingi yokusebenza, ngokuvamile inketho engcono kakhulu yokusebenza yi-crane wheel wheel crane. Mayelana nedivayisi yayo nezici zobuchwepheshe, sizoxoxa kule ngxenye.

Incazelo

Ngakho-ke, i-crane ye-wheel pneumatic yi-crane yendawo yonke ehambisana nohlobo lwe-boom futhi ihamba ngesikebhe sesithuthuthu se-pneumatic. Umshini ulawulwa kusuka kwikhabhu elitholakala engxenyeni ephendulwa yunithi. Umqhubi we-crane kumele enze ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kwezingxenye ezisemqoka nezingxenye ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenza, futhi uhlole ukusebenza kwesistimu ye-brake. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa izinga elifanele lokuphepha lomsebenzi.

Isizinda semlando

Isondo lokuqala lesibhuloho elishaya eSoviet Union lakhishwa ngo-1947, esasikude kakhulu nathi. Igama lomfanekiso wokuqala ngu-K-101. Ikhono layo lokuthwala laliyi-10 amathani. Umshini usuvele ufakwe ku-chassis esine-axle amathathu. Kukhiqizwa okufanayo, igreyane le-K-102 selivele selihambe. Yadalwa ngo-1952, futhi ukukhululwa kwenzeka esikhathini 1954-1958. Futhi kakade ngo-1961, ukukhiqizwa kwamakhansela angaphezu kuka-K-161 amakhulu aqala, ngekhono lokukhokhela amathani angu-16.

Namuhla, imishini yokuphakamisa isondo le-wheel pneumatic ikhiqizwa kuphela eNtshonalanga Yurophu, eJalimane.

Ukuqokwa

Noma iyiphi i-crane ene-self-propelled ene-wheel pneumatic wheel iklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okusheshayo nokusheshayo kokusebenza okuhlukahlukene nokwakhiwa nokusingatha ezintweni ezincane emkhatsini womunye nomunye.

Ngesikhathi salezi zenzo ukukhishwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kuvunyelwe:

• Ukuphakamisa noma ukunciphisa umthwalo ngokuphakamisa noma ukunciphisa i-boom ngokwayo.
• Ukuphakamisa noma ukunciphisa ukuqhuma kokusebenza ngokuguqula umshini kusiqondiso esifisa.

Zonke lezi zenzo zenziwa ngokuphepha ngenxa yokutholakala kwemishini ekhethekile kwi-crane, esizoxoxa ngayo ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukuqokwa

Ukumaketha kwama-cranes kwenza kube lula ukunquma zonke izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zobuchwepheshe kanye nemingcele. Okokuqala, sibheka izinkomba zomhlaba wonke ezikhona "К", "КС".

"K" yisibizo se-alfabhethi, okwathi ngesikhathi esifanele samukelwa yi-Minstroydormash. I-crane yokuhlenga, eyenziwe ngaphambi kuka-1967, izoba nenhlawulo eyodwa yezinhlamvu nezinombolo ezimbili noma ezintathu. Ngokwalo, le ncwadi ibonisa ukuthi imoto iyingxenye yezinqola, futhi izinombolo zikhomba isibonakaliso somthamo wokuthwala kanye nenombolo ye-serial model.

Kusukela ngo-1967, ukufakwa kwe-"CS" kuqalisiwe, okusho ukuthi "iganeke elizimele".

Ngemuva kwezinhlamvu zikhona izibalo ezine njalo, ngalinye eliphethe imininingwane ethile. Ngakho, idijithi yokuqala kusho amandla okuthwala:

• Amathani angu-1 kuya kwangu-4;
• Amathani angu-2 - 6.3;
• Amathani amathathu kuya kwangu-10;
• Amathani angu-4 kuya kwangu-16;
• Amathani angu-5 kuya ku-25;
• Amathani angu-6 - 40;
• Amathani angu-7 kuya ku-63;
• Amathani angu-8 - 100;
• 9 - amathani angaphezu kuka-100.

Idijithi yesibili inikeza ulwazi mayelana nohlobo lokusebenzisa gear nezindlela:

• 1 - idivayisi yomhlobo wesibungu;
• 2 - idivaysi isandiswe isibungu;
• 3 - isondo le-pneumatic;
• 4 - i-chassis ekhethekile (uhlobo lwezimoto);
• 5 - iloli chassis;
• 6 - umshini wokugada;
• Idivayisi engu- 7 yokudonsa ;
• I-8 ne-9 zigcinwe.

Idijithi yesithathu inquma uhlobo lokumisa okwesikhashana okungaba ngentambo (ekhonjiswe inombolo 6) futhi kanzima (inombolo 7).

Idijithi yesine iyinombolo yokuguqulwa kwesibonelo.

Cabanga ngesibonelo se-crane KS-7164. Ukumaka kwalo kubhekwa kanje: i-crane yokuzikhandla, enekhono lokuthwala amathani angu-63, kudivayisi ehambayo yesibungu, ehlonyelwe ukumiswa kwentambo yomcibisholo, ukuguqulwa kwesine.

Isakhiwo sobuchwepheshe

Ukuhlelwa okuningiliziwe kwamakhansela okuhamba nge-pneumatic kufanele kubhekwe ngomgomo wokuhlelwa kwezitshalo zamandla.

Iqembu lokuqala yi-cranes, isitshalo samandla esitholakala engxenyeni yokuphendukela. Zithunyelwa ngokuqondile emotweni egijima ngenxa ye-diesel eyodwa drive kanye namagesi. Futhi, amandla angadluliselwa kuma-gear asebenzayo usebenzisa i-ugesi kagesi noma i-diesel-electric electric. Umthamo wokuthwala wemishini enjalo ungamathani ayi-10 kuya kwangu-100.

Iqembu lesibili liyi-cranes, isitshalo samandla esilungiswa kwi gear egijima. Kulesi simo, amandla adluliselwa ngqo kwi gear egijima kanye nengxenye ehambayo evela ku-jeneretha, ebuye isetshenziswe yi-injini ye-diesel. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa imishini yokuphakamisa imishini MKT-40, enekhono lomthwalo wamathani angu-40.

Ngokuvamile, noma iyiphi i-crane enjalo iyoba nenqubo yokuphakamisa kanye nenqubo yokunyakaza, ngayinye yayo iyoba nezinyunithi ezihlukahlukene kanye nezingxenye.

Isibonelo esivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu

КС-5363 - i-crane i-diesel-kagesi. Isebenza nge-multi-motor uhlobo lokushayela osebenzayo okwamanje. Amandla ahlinzekwa yisitshalo samandla esisezingeni. Umshini ungasebenzisa isikhonkwane sezintambo ezimbili esinebhakede elinamandla we-2 cu. M.

Le-crane (i-tani ezingu-25 - inkomba yekhono lokuthwala indlela yakhe yokuphakamisa eyinhloko) ifakwe nemishini yokuphakamisa okusizayo ekhonza imithwalo yamathani angamahlanu.

Zonke izigungu eziphezulu zomshini zinomkhawulo owanele wokulawulwa kwejubane, okwenziwa yi-generator-motor system. Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, kuvunyelwe ukuvula ipulatifomu ye-crane, uma ngabe umthwalo awunamathele kuwo.

Ukulawulwa kwe-Crane nezici zokuklama kwayo

I-KS-5363 ilawulwa yizinhlelo ezintathu ezinamandla: umshini, ugesi kanye ne-hydraulic. Ukufakwa komshini odingekayo kwenziwa kusukela ku-console ngokucindezela izinkinobho, futhi futhi ngabalawuli bezimbili.

Ukushintsha ibhokisi legiyari, ukulungisa ukusekelwa kwezinto ezisekelwayo, ukuguqula amasondo, ukuvala ukuhlukanisa - konke lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwempompo ye-pump hydraulic, esebenza ngesisekelo se-fluid compressed. Ukusekelwa kuvaliwe futhi kulawulwa kusuka kude okukuyo kudivayisi esebenzayo, futhi zonke ezinye izindlela zilawulwa kusukela kwikhayili yomshayeli (umshayeli).

Uhlelo lwe-hydraulic lusebenzisa ipompo yegiar NSh-32E, okukhiqizwa kwayo okungu-35 l / min. Umshini wokujova ungaba ngu-10.5 MPa.

Ama-winch ama-crane anamashintshi akhethekile we-spindle-switches nama-hoist rope.

I-crane (amathani angu-25) ifakwe umbhoshongo nomcibisholo. Lesi siphetho sinamamitha ayishumi nanhlanu futhi singakhula uma kunesidingo ngokufakwa ngobukhulu bamamitha angu-5 noma ama-10 kuya ku-20, 25 no-30 wamamitha.

Iyunithi yokushayela iboniswa ama-axles amabili okuhamba, konke okuyiamasondo amabili. Izimpondo zangaphandle zangasese zingasebenza, njengoba zisetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa umthwalo, futhi cha.

Njengesitshalo samandla, i-crane ine-injini ye-diesel ene-cylinder ezimbili-stroke, i-alternating motor yamanje kanye nama-generator amabili okwamanje. Leyunithi iphinde ixhunywe kumpompi wegesi ngezimpahla zamabhande.

I-winch ye-lift esemqoka njengengxenye yesikimu sayo sezinkinobho ine:

• I-motor kagesi;
• I-reducer emithathu yesigaba;
• I-Gear ibambe, ivimbele ukugoqa kwe-shaft;
• Isikebhe esikhwameni sinomshini osheshayo wokushaya;
• Isigubhu esinama gear.

Ikamelo lomshini

Ngaphakathi kwe-cockpit kukhona ideshibhodi phambi kwe-windshield enamandla ngokwanele. I-ammeter ehlukahlukene, izintambo, ukushintsha, ukushintsha, ukulinganisa kwe-pressure kanye ne-thermometer. Emaceleni omabili ebhodi aphakanyiswe abalawuli bezimyalo, izindlela zokulawula, kanye namadivayisi wokulungisa ijubane lokunyakaza komshini nokulawula ukujikelezwa kwamavili.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cabin ine-heater kagesi yokushisa ngenkathi ebandayo, ama-heaters awakhiphe ngokuphelele ukuthi kungenzeka amafasitela ne-fogging, fan ukupholisa umshayeli ngesikhathi sasehlobo, ama-windshield wipers. Umqhubi we-crane ngokwakhe uhlala esihlalweni sobuhlalo, ukuphakama kwalo okungalungiswa uma kunesidingo.

Ukuhambisa endaweni yokusebenza

Ukudubula kwe-crane kwenzeka ngosizo lwethekta elikhethekile ngesivinini esingaphezu kuka-20 km / h. Uma kudingekile ukuthutha i-crane-wheel wheel ngesitimela, khona-ke kulokhu wonke amasondo nomcibisholo ususwa kuwo, futhi umshini ngokwawo ufakwe esiteji sesitimela esingamashumi ayisithupha nethoni.

Idatha yedatha

Ngokuvamile, izikhwama ezinamasondo ezinomoya, izici zobuchwepheshe zazo ezizobe zibalwe ngezansi etafuleni, zibhekene nenhlanganisela enhle kakhulu yamanani nekhwalithi. Iminyaka eminingi yokusebenza ibonise ukuthi imali etshalwa imali ekuthengeni izimoto ezinjalo ibuyiselwa ngokushesha. Ezimweni zanamuhla, i-Volvo pneumatic crane iyathandwa kakhulu emvelweni wabathengi, okuchazwa ukusebenza kwayo okuhle, ukwethembeka nokulondoloza. Ikhwalithi yangempela yaseJalimane ithola uthando nokuqashelwa kwabasebenzisi ngokufanelekile.

Amakhansela anezintambo zamasondo

Ngaphezu kwalokhu okushiwo ngenhla "K" index, kukhona uphawu:

1. "I-MCP" iyinhlangano yesondo le-wheel crane.
2. "I-MKT" i-crane ehamba phambili ngesisekelo segrekta. Ekuqanjweni kwayo, ngemuva kwe-hyphen, i-tonnage ibonisiwe. Isibonelo, i-MKT-63.
3. "I-MKTT" i-crane ehamba phambili ene-boom telescopic ngaphansi kwesigcawu. Nalapha futhi, izibalo zikhomba amandla okuthwala.