Ibutho yesimanje Kazakhstan: inombolo bese ukwakhiwa kwezikhali

Usuku ukusungulwa Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan kuyinto 7 Meyi 1992. Ngalolu suku, uMongameli ngemvume isimemezelo ekusungulweni amabutho azo kazwelonke behlomile waqokwa uNgqongqoshe wezwe wokuqala Defense - uLieutenant General SK Nurmagambetov. Jikelele we-Army of Kazakhstan - aphakeme isikhundla lempi republic. Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, isimo has ekuchithweni kwayo lenqwaba izikhali futhi nezempi nezakhiwo amayunithi lempi, isimiso nokhomishana lempi. Nokho, lesi simo esinzima kwezomnotho esivela wonke kwezikhathi zokulotshwa Soviet, ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, ngokuyinhloko kuvimbe ayisebenzisa amagugu ecebile Soviet. Iminyaka ukusikeka, izinguquko eziye zaholela ekubeni ubone ukuvela amabutho ahlomile ngefomu zabo zamanje. Kazakhstan ibutho, isithombe umzimba abaningi namashadi okuyinto umxhwele, aqhubeka aguquka.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Kusukela namuhla le nhlangano weRiphabhulikhi ibutho Kazakhstan sika imelelwa ezintathu zinhlobo: Army, amabutho emoyeni ukuzivikela namabutho asolwandle. Kazakhstan ibutho, okuyinto olunezinombolo abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-100, phakathi wamabutho engamakhulu kahle kakhulu emhlabeni.

phansi amabutho

Ground amabutho akhiwa ngokuhambisana noMthetho Republic Kazakhstan "Ngo yezokuVikela Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan". injongo yabo eyinhloko - ukuvikelwa isithunzi sendawo Republic of Kazakhstan, ukuvikelwa nobukhosi bawo, ekumeleleni isimo nakwezempi izindawo, ukuzivikela, umhlaba imingcele, ukubamba iqhaza nemikhankaso yokugcina ukuthula. Zonke lezi zinkinga ixazululwe in Kazakhstan ibutho. Izwe yenza ukubheja omkhulu Army. Bangabaholi elikhulu izisebenzi ngamandla ahlomile amabutho umbono. Kulinganiselwa ku Army wakhonza abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-50.

Regional Army Command

Kukhona imiyalo eziningana zesifunda:

1. Command "Astana" Itholakala Karaganda esifundeni, kanye ezisenyakatho Kazakhstan komngcele Russia. Kuyinto inqolobane we uMkhuzi yezwe.

2. Umyalo "West" itholakala phakathi kwemingcele nezokuphatha Mangistau, Aktobe, Atyrau kanye West Kazakhstan izifunda. Phakathi imisebenzi umyalo obaluleke ngokukhethekile yilona lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela nezomnotho Kazakhstan ku iCaspian esifundeni yoLwandle iCaspian ngokuhambisana nezivumelwano phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili.

3. Command "South" isendaweni eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Republic of Kazakhstan, nokwenza ebalulekile geopolitical imvelo umsebenzi wanamuhla - ukumboza imingcele oseningizimu Kazakhstan izinsongo okungenzeka Islamists, isithiyo ukushushumbisa izidakamizwa, ukuthuthukiswa ngokubambisana lempi nomakhelwane wayo oseningizimu - amalungu CSTO.

4. Command "East" itholakala engxenyeni esempumalanga yezwe, umngcele Russia nase China. It yakhelwe ukunikeza abalulekile khona lempi esifundeni, ebabonisa ikhono ukuzivikela kanye nenhlangano lemigqa ukuzivikela eziphambili uma ingxabano nezinye izizwe.

imishini yobuchwepheshe

Ground amabutho bebehlome ikakhulukazi Soviet ezenziwe imishini, kancane ngokusebenzisa sesimanje we Kazakh amabhizinisi. Ephambi kwezinduna inombolo encane imishini uthenge ezivela eRussia emva ekumenyezelweni kukazibuse, kanye amasampula izikhali, lisuselwa ngokubambisana lempi-technical neenarha NATO. Kulinganiselwa ahlukahlukene, amabutho ezweni kakade unazo walo nhlobo amathangi ezinye 2,500 ngokwamazinga ekuzimiseleni obuhlukahlukene ukulwa imisebenzi. Ngokusho kochwepheshe kakhulu, isimo ngokugcwele ngokomthetho ezisebenzisekayo akuyona engaphezu kwenkulungwane amathangi. Iningi akhiqizwa at "Uralvagonzavod" T-72 amathangi ezinguqulweni "A" futhi "B", Republic of Kazakhstan ngofuzo ebuthweni laseSoviet. A amancane, kodwa namanje abalulekile share kuhlala amathangi amadala T-62, futhi ekhiqizwa e-USSR. Ulwazi mayelana nokuba khona Army amathangi kwezinye izinhlobo abezindaba ingekho, ngisho ngombandela akunakwenzeka.

Inani elikhulu phansi amabutho ifakwe ukulwa armored Soviet ezenziwe imishini. Inombolo ephelele izimoto enkonzweni nedatha cishe akunakwenzeka ukukala ngokunembile, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka-nye, anamakhulu izimoto zilandelwa (BMP-1, i-BMP-2, MT-LB) futhi cishe angamakhulu amahlanu amadolo armored izisebenzi yenethiwekhi (APC-60K, BTR-70, BTR 80). Ngaphezu masampuli has inombolo ethize izimoto zempi amakilasi ukuxegiselwa ezifana, isibonelo, Turkish Otokar Cobra kanye okuholela ngokubambisana lempi US HMMWV. Intelligence niche imoto kuthatha BRDM-2 zaseSoviet inani amayunithi 150-200.

Air Defence Forces

Forces of air ukuzivikela iyona into kwalesi simiso samasosha emoyeni amabutho, emoyeni ukuzivikela missile futhi amabutho radar, kunqotjhwe ngalo ukunikela ikhava kusukela emoyeni e-Republic of Kazakhstan, ukusiza phansi amabutho ku dudula ayehlasela phansi, kanye ezokuthutha kanye tekutfutsa bagibeli zabo ukuze bakhonze izithakazelo eMnyango Wezokuvikela .

amabutho ahlomile emoyeni ukuzivikela kukhona izinhlobo eziningi izindiza, okuvumela ukuba enze uhla olugcwele lwemisebenzi. Fighter aircraft imelelwa MIG-31 (25 izingcezu), Su-27 (amayunithi 30), futhi ukukhanya Tactical fighter Mig-29 (cishe 25). The main isiteleka izindiza namabutho emoyeni ukuzivikela namuhla Su-25 futhi u-MIG-27. Army zezindiza Mi-8 isicelo eyanele ayihlomele ububanzi futhi Mi-24. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngempela exotic bheka Eurocopter ezinophephela emhlane, inhlangano Kwenziwa ensimini ka-Republic of Kazakhstan ngokuhambisana inkontileka kwaphela 2012. Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu ubunjiniyela aeronautical kukhona nabaningi ezokuthutha izindiza zempi zokukhiqiza amaSoviet nasemakamu 12 Czechoslovakian L-39 ukuqeqeshwa izindiza.

amakhono Level ezindizayo abashayeli bezindiza ka Air Defence Forces ufanelwe isizathu esikhethekile sokuba kukhulunywe. Lesi sibalo amahora 100-150 ngonyaka, okuyinto efana ne ukuthi we Russian Federation Air Force.

Cishe zonke izindiza elisanda kushiwo, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane zemukeliswe phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet, futhi naphezu ukusalela esiningi ngcono eyishumi eduze kobuholi ezempi weRiphabhulikhi Kazakhstan kuyoba umbuzo rearming ka Air Defence Forces. Namuhla kunesimo esithi asifane siyenzeka ne lwemikhumbi emoyeni missile ukuzivikela izinhlelo.

Navy

Amabutho asolwandle weRiphabhulikhi Kazakhstan babe umsebenzi oyinhloko kuvikeleke izidingo zezomnotho noma ezinye esisemthethweni Kazakhstan e yoLwandle iCaspian. Ngaphezu ngqo iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi lasolwandle uyalandisa Marine Corps, Coastal futhi Marine izindiza wezikhali.

Ngenxa ubunjalo iCaspian elisemcengezini, kanye isimo geopolitical amabutho asolwandle bebehlome nge ngokwanele imikhumbi encane nezikebhe. Ngokusho ukwaziswa okuvela emithonjeni evulekile phezu Kazakh Navy arsenal has imikhumbi mayelana 20-22 ezincane nezikebhe.

uhlelo okusalungiswa

Ukubuthwa e Kazakhstan esiqhutshwa kabili ngonyaka:-Ephreli noJuni futhi kusukela ngo-October kuya ku-December. Draftees kumiswa izinsizwa ezineminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-27 ubudala. inkonzo yezempi izakhamuzi Kazakhstan kuyinto ezingu-12. Amasosha kungathatha inkonzo eduze ekhaya kanye nakwezinye izifunda zezwe. I khefu evela ebuthweni e Kazakhstan noma sokukhululwa ngokugcwele kusuka inkonzo enikeziwe uma umkhawulo kufinyelelwe lokuya empini, isimo sempilo, hhayi sivumele ukwenza inkonzo yezempi, ngo-khona izihlobo Kushone lisemsebenzini, ebukhoneni ngezinga eziphambili.

izici ucingo

Ngo-2015, inani ababuthiwe kuyoba abantu abayizinkulungwane 29, ezihlanganisa ngokugcwele izidingo ibutho Kazakhstan e ababuthiwe. ababuthiwe Ubude emabuthweni ahlomile kancane kancane kunciphisa futhi 35%, ngokusho owawandulele. Ukuze agweme inkonzo yezempi, ngokuvumelana nomthetho weRiphabhulikhi Kazakhstan, bekulokhu futhi kwaba icala elinesijeziso inhlawulo esindayo futhi isikhathi ejele njalo.

hazing

Hazing ebuthweni Kazakhstan isihloko ukuze uthole enye ingxoxo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva, sibonga umsebenzi ahlangene ehhovisi lomshushisi, yisho emabuthweni ahlomile, kanye neenhlangano ezemfundo, ibutho bekulokhu ukuthambekela omuhle ukunciphisa isibalo amacala hazing, amacala ababuthiwe ukuzibulala futhi ukuzilimaza baye cishe wanyamalala. Ngakho, kungashiwo wagomela ukuthi Kazakh ibutho hazing okuyinto nokho isekhona, uzikhethele isiqondiso esifanele countering ukuziphatha okunjalo asebemnkantsh 'ubomvu maqondana amasosha amasha. Kuhle kokusho ukuthi lo mkhuba ukuxhashazwa kuyinto izindleko ongenakugwenywa uhlelo wekuhlanganisa of Manning amabutho yiliphi izwe.

isiphetho

Ngamafuphi, kufanele wanezela ukuthi Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan kukhona amandla ngempela sina esifundeni Asia Ephakathi. Nokho, indima yokuhola Kazakhstan ngokucacile ayenzelwe, ukunakwa iviyo kanye nentuthuko yayo, ivumela ukunikeza ezingeni lelisetulu ikhono ukuzivikela wezwe, kanye iqhaza ukulwa ngamazwe sokulwa nobuphekula futhi nemikhankaso yokugcina ukuthula, okuyinto kuyingxenye ebalulekile esingenakuqhathaniswa sokubambisana kwamazwe omhlaba emkhakheni wezokuvikela.