Idiocy - kuyinto ... isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ngezinga ngokujulile iningi retardation engqondo

Yande enkulumweni yansuku zonke igama elithi "idiocy" empeleni yigama lezokwelapha ngenxa yamafomu okunzima esiwufuzo ngokuthi retardation engqondo.

Ayini amandla layo, a imithi yesimanje owaziwa ayikwazi wathi ngabantu, kuze kube kuwo. Njengoba ojwayelekile, kuze isifo oye wathinta omunye umndeni, wonke amalungu abaqapheli ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka esiyingini yabo. Ake sihlole ngokuningiliziwe idiocy yobuntu bakhe, izimpawu kanye onalesi sifo iziguli.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

retardation kwengqondo iyisifo umzimba ngokwemvelo sitholwa njengefa. Ingqikithi kunzima ukuqonda umuntu kude imithi. Kafushane, umzimba lesiguli sishoda-enzyme ehilelekile umzimba phenylalanine, futhi umphumela uba yini emzimbeni wengane nge phenylalanine metabolites uqale buthelela.

Lokhu kunomthelela ongemuhle kwi isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, ezikhandla nomphumela anobuthi. Kodwa lokhu, esikhundleni salokho, kuvimbela kwengqondo, okuyinto kancane kancane agelezela okuthile engqondweni. Asinakusho lapho ngiqala wakwenza lokhu isifo, kuphela ukuthi kwathatha okokuqala ukuchaza A. Fellinge ngo-1934 yaziwa. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo okuthiwa ukuwohloka komqondo.

Idiocy - kuba retardation esindayo engqondo

retardation kwengqondo has izigaba eziningana ezingafani zaba namandla kakhulu. Idiocy iyona eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi kunzima wabo okwenzeka. Indoda ngezinga komqondo cishe ngokuphelele ecabanga, akakwazi ukuba aphimisele leli amazwi, iningi inkulumo yakhe kukhawulwe ibhodle inarticulate. Ukunakwa nayo negated, lokuhlushwa salo ukuthula. Umbono onesici abazithandayo kanye nemvelo.

Idiocy - ukuntuleka amathuba, hhayi kuphela ukukhuluma ngokugcwele, kodwa futhi ukuqonda okushiwo abanye. Izingane eziningi nge lesi silima, abakwazi ukufunda ukuma uhambe engasizwa muntu.

Izimbangela isifo

Idiocy - isifo nge izizathu eziqondile kakhulu okuvela. Kungaba:

1. nezifo ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo. Omunye wabo ukubonakaliswa eyinhloko retardation engqondo. Ngokuyisisekelo syndrome Angelman, Down Syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome. Zonke lezi zifo, phakathi kokunye, ahambisana nokungathuthuki indiza ngokomzimba futhi ahlobene nokwahluleka isakhiwo lokhu ngezakhi ezingamaqoqo.
2. Izifo ezithathelwanayo. yezifo zengqondo zivame ezakhiwe ngesisekelo izifo ezifana ne-rubella, toxoplasmosis, ugcunsula.
3. izici ezingathandeki ezithinta komama abakhulelwe. Ngeshwa, abantu azikhohlwa ukuthi utshwala, izidakamizwa, ngemisebe futhi imvelo abampofu zibulale hhayi kuphela umzimba komama abakhulelwe kodwa futhi i-fetus.
4. ukuntula Iodine. Ukuze isimiso sezinzwa zikhule kahle, i-iodine kufanele kube kuningi. Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi abantu besifazane, iziguli iodine ukuntula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa yilesi sifo nakakhulu, futhi umphumela walokhu ingane igula retardation engqondo. Lesi sifo ingaqala esimweni lapho phakathi neminyaka emithathu yokuqala ekuphileni komntwana awutholi isilinganiso esifanele iodine.
5. Ionizing emisebeni. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe ayibeki umncele X-ray.
6. Ukuchayeka ejenti zamakhemikhali. Bangabaholi yasendlini ezinobuthi - izihlanzi, Isihlungu isinambuzane.
7. Ukusetshenziswa ngobuningi obanele ukudla. Abesifazane abaningi, ukukhathazeka mayelana sibalo wakhe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, behlupha yena ukudla okuqinile, ukudla okungajwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba uqala ukuba anciphe, futhi ehlupheka owesifazane okhulelweyo hhayi kuphela, kodwa sombungu.
8. Ukunqotshwa kwe-fetus ngaphakathi esibelethweni sikamama ngokujovwa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga hormone abakhulelwe.
9. Ukuzalwa ngukulimala ubuchopho. ikhanda komntwana kungenzeka futhi isibambo esebenzisa noma ingane kungaba nje lehla phansi.

izimpawu

Idiocy no ubuhlanya unezimpawu ezifanayo kakhulu. Hlukanisa lezi zifo ingaba ngezinga ukwephulwa inkulumo. Ngakho, iziguli kanye marasmus esisindiswayo ngempela nemithi, ne ngisho encane, kodwa namanje silulumagama okwanele, okuyinto ningagcini in iziguli retardation engqondo.

Ukungaphili engqondweni - isimo aluthola futhi liqale wokugoqa esemazweni bokusungula ekhona. Futhi idiocy - lesi sifo kukwenza kungenzeki ukuthuthukisa intelligence. It libhekene:

• Ukusalela ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba. Izingane ezigulayo ngasekupheleni ukufunda ukugcina ikhanda lakho, uhambe, ahlale. Futhi abanye abakwazi ukufunda ke.
• Kubi kusebentisana ukunyakaza. Ngokuvamile benjalo eyahumusha kakhulu futhi siye phambili.
• Ukungabi yokukhuluma okunenjongo noma nokungathuthuki yayo. Siqukethe ikakhulu yokumemeza, bellowing.
• ukucabanga lutho. Umuntu akakwazi ukufunda, akakwazi ukuhlola isimo ngokwanele siziqonde okuthile.
• inkumbulo abampofu. Izinto, abantu, ngisho nezihlobo, nabangane ayisheshi ukulibaleka kakhulu. Umkhaya isiguli sakhe kungabonwa zingabantu abangaziwa ababephethe, ukhohlwe lapho ezidliwayo kanye izinto engenakudliwa ngobubi bawo lapho.
• Ukwephulwa bohlu ngokomzwelo. Kungazelelwe, kungase kube intukuthelo, ukucasuka ubudlova.
• Ukungakwazi self-service. Iziguli abakwazi ukuxubha amazinyo abo, geza bebodwa.

ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa wachaza isifo, ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka. It ihlose kuphela ukwenza ngcono ukugeleza nokususwa izimpawu.

Ngakho, ukuze kulesetayelekile umzimba ebekiwe glutamic acid "Cerebrolysin" nootropics, amavithamini eyenziwa yokwelapha. Kancane ukususa block, wasebenzisa stimulators yemvelo - lemongrass Chinese, Aloe, ginseng. Nge excitation sibhekane neuroleptics futhi nokuquleka ukulondolozwa usebenzisa anticonvulsants. Ukwelapha ngaphambili iqalisiwe, ephumelela kakhudlwana ukukhinyabezeka kwayo.

ukuba nombono ongafani ngeke

Idiocy - isifo has ube nombono ongemuhle. Zonke ukwephula kukhona engelapheki. It iyahlupheka kokubili umsebenzi engqondo nangokwengqondo. Ngokuvamile athuthukile ezifana isifo esibi, njengenhlangano iziyaluyalu bokusungula nangokwengqondo. Pathology kuyinto isegazini futhi ayikwazi ngayo. Esikhathini sibi abantu isifo siphile iminyaka engu-50, no-die ezinzima isivele kuze kube iminyaka engu-20.

zokuvimbela

Ukuvimbela ukukhathazeka isifo ikakhulukazi ukuqhuba yokuphila efanele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kuyadingeka ukuba ngokuphelele ukuyeka ukubhema kanye notshwala, ungakhohlwa uvakashele udokotela wezifo zabesifazane ukuze abhaliswe, wenze ehamba emoyeni opholile, ukulala isilinganiso esifanele ngesikhathi. ngokukhethekile kufanele ikhokhwe yokudla efanele olinganiselayo, adikile okunamafutha eziyingozi bhala, ukusebenzisa amakhambi, imifino kanye nezithelo.

Ngo imvelo, abantu baphile nge idiocy cishe ngeke bakwazi, yingakho ezibekwe boarding orientation ekhethekile. Ikakhulukazi isidingo, labo kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini retardation kakhulu engqondweni.

Kuyini, siye ezichazwe kulesi sihloko. Futhi ngokwazi kunzima kangakanani lokhu zokugula, Ngifuna ukugcizelela ukuthi noma yini umuntu kuye kufanele baphathwe ngenhlonipho bese uzama adambise khona kwakhe.