Imbali enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni: uzomangala!

URafflesia - yiloku kudalwa kwemvelo ephethe isihloko esiziqhenya "sembali enkulu kakhulu emhlabeni". Yiqiniso, lesi sitshalo simangalisa hhayi nje ubukhulu, kodwa futhi nezinye izimfanelo zayo, ezingenalo okuhlobene nemibono evamile ngemibala. Phela, imbali enkulu kunazo zonke i-fetid, isitshalo esibomvu esibomvu, ngezinye izikhathi sidlula ukukhula komuntu. Ngendlela, ngenxa yephunga elimnandi, i-rafflesia ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-lida cadaverous. Nakuba izakhamuzi zibiza lesi sitshalo "imbali ye-lotus" ("bunga patmah"). Ungayibona emahlathini ashisayo e- Indonesia (iJava, i-Sumatra, i-Kalimantan) ne-Philippines.

Igama layo yilona lembali elikhulu emhlabeni owatholwa ngokuhlonipha isikhulu uT. Raffles kanye no-botanist D. Arnold. Ukutholakala kwenziwa esiqhingini saseSumatra. Amaphayona ashiwo ngenhla alinganisa le mbali, ayinike igama negama lesayensi.

Ngokumangazayo, imbali enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ayikwazi ukwenza ezinye izinto eziphilayo nezimbiwa ezidinga. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo okuthiwa, naphezu kokulingana kwayo, sishaya emvinini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iveza izintambo ezikhethekile ezifaka izicubu ze-liana, hhayi ukuletha ngesikhathi esifanayo umonakalo omncane kakhulu. Le ntwazana ayizimpande namaqabunga aluhlaza.

Ukukhula kwe-rafflesia akuyona ngokushesha kakhulu. Amagxolo esitshalo, ngaphansi kwayo imbewu ye-parasite flower, ivuvuka emva kweminyaka eyi-1.5, futhi emva kwezinyanga ezingu-9 imbali ebomvu ichitheka. I-Rafflesia inezinhlamvu ezingu-5 ezinobukhulu bombala obomvu obunombala obumhlophe obumhlophe obukhumbuza ama-warts. Kusukela kude imbali echazwe ifana ne-giant fly-agaric. Yiqiniso, uhluma izinsuku ezine kuphela. Ngendlela ye-rafflesia kufana nokubola inyama futhi inephunga elifanayo le-cadaveric. Ngakho-ke, imbali enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ingahle ithamele ngokushesha kunokuba ibonwe. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esiqhakazayo, i-rafflesia iyanqamuka kwamasonto ambalwa futhi maduzane iphendukela emzimbeni omnyama, ongenasithunzi. Uma impova ingena embali yezinsikazi, khona-ke ukuthuthukiswa kwesithelo kuqala, lapho kunezinkulungwane zembewu.

Kuyinto iphunga engavamile ukuthi i-rafflesia idonsela izimpukane zivotela lembali. Ukufika kwi-disk yezimbali, izimpukane ziqhuma kuwo, kancane kancane ziwa phansi. Emgodini wendandatho, izinwele ezincane ziqondisa izimpukane kuya ezigodini, ezifakwa emhlane wazo nge-pollen eqinile. Ukulinganisa izinambuzane zithunyelwa ezimbali zesifazane, zifaka umquba we-semolina. Kodwa ngemva kokuba lesi sitshalo sikhula, isilwane esikhulu sidinga usizo, sikwazi ukuchoboza isithelo nokudlulisela imbewu ye-rafflesia kwenye indawo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imbali enkulu kakhulu ekhula emhlabeni ingalingana no 1 m futhi isilinganiselwa ngo-8 kg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-rafflesia ine-inflorescence ebanzi kakhulu.

Okwamanje, ososayensi bahlonza izinhlobo ezingu-12 ze-rafflesia. Abadume kakhulu phakathi kwabo nguRafflesia Tuan Muda noRafflesia Arnoldi. Lezi zinhlobo zinezimbali ezinkulu kakhulu. Ngisho noRafflesia saprius ububanzi bufinyelela ku-15-20 cm. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ama-Indonesiya athi ukukhishwa kwezinso zesitshalo esibizwa ngokuthi kunomthelela ekubuyiselweni kwesibalo ngemuva kokubeletha. Ngokuqondene nososayensi, bayaqaphela ukuthi ukuphila kwalesi simbali esiyingqayizivele akuzange kufundwe ngokugcwele.