Imbobo thoracic: isici

является основным ее сосудом. Thoracic imbobo lymph uhlelo isitsha zako ezisemqoka. It zingase zimiswe ngezindlela eziningana. Sibheka ngokuningiliziwe lokho imbobo thoracic.

nokwakheka

Ngo odongeni bomkhumbi kukhona ulwelwesi ezintathu: endothelial, imisipha fibrotic kanye yangaphandle. Esikhathini 7-9 samanje valve omkhulu wokuqala semilunar. Musculo-fibrous emgodleni isezingeni umlomo sphincter. Adventitia (yangaphandle) ithobela pleura, aorta nomgogodla. Kusukela ekuqaleni e uvule imbobo kuyinto besisu elingalodwa, thoracic, umnyango wesibeletho. Lesi sakamuva umelwe ngesimo i arc, futhi ezimbili zokuqala - ngesimo ende lobuhlalu isitsha obuhambisana le-aorta ukwehla. Besisu ingxenye yomthambo i-aorta sidlula umqhewu e diaphragm phakathi komgodi esifubeni. проходит по левой боковой плоскости нижних позвонков сзади от нисходящей аорты. Lapha, uvule imbobo thoracic egobhoza kwesokunxele endizeni amathambo engezansi emuva le-aorta ukwehla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baphambukile eduze emphinjeni. Emkhakheni 2-3-th imbobo thoracic siphuma emphinjeni (usiko kwesokunxele). Khona-ke ngemuva ezivamile futhi imithambo subclavian antante phezulu beso. Okulandelayo, umkhumbi uya emhlabeni phezulu futhi ngemuva ngakwesobunxele pleura. в венозный угол либо ветви, формирующие его, - плечеголовную, подключичную, внутреннюю яремную. Lapha, obumba arc, imbobo thoracic uthululela ku-engeli emithambo yegazi noma amagatsha obumba ke, - brachiocephalic, subclavian, jugular yangaphakathi. Kule ndawo esitsheni kwakhiwa valve semilunar futhi sphincter. в длину достигает 1-1,5 см, в редких случаях 3-4 см. Thoracic imbobo obuphelele ifinyelela 1-1.5 cm, ezimweni ezingajwayelekile, 3-4 cm.

kumiswa

образуется: kwakhiwa imbobo thoracic is:

1. Ekubumbaneni emathunjini, lumbar noma kokubili, nezinye imiphini nhlangothi zombili.
2. Ukwakheka amagatsha chylocyst. Kulokhu, uvule imbobo thoracic ifana ampullar, ukunwetshwa oyindilinga.
3. Hlanganisa kuphela lumbar futhi iziqu emathunjini.

может образовываться и как сетевидное начало в форме петлистого крупного сплетения из чревных, поясничных, брыжеечных ветвей и выносящих сосудов. futhi kungenzeka kwakhiwa imbobo thoracic njengoba reticular emise petlistogo phezulu ezinkulu celiac plexus, lumbar, amagatsha mesenteric nezitsha efferent.

Imininingwane yalolu isakhiwo

Ngokuvamile, isakhiwo kanye nesimo sendawo kokuhlukana ububonisa. Ikakhulukazi, ziphawuleka:

1. Doubling thoracic noma ukwakheka ezengeziwe (elilodwa noma ngaphezulu) Amapayipi.
2. ongakhetha Various ukuxhumana pleura, aorta, emithanjeni ezijulile wesibeletho, emphinjeni.
3. Confluence e emithambo yegazi (jugular) engela, brachiocephalic, umthambo subclavian noma omunye umgqomo ngaphezulu.
4. Ezemfundo ampule ingxenye ngaphambi kokungena ku izitsha.
5. Ziyamaniswa nokungangeni angase awele ekhoneni vein jugular noma okwenza kube ngokwakho.

imbobo thoracic: kwesokudla imbobo lymph

Lo msuka kungabuye amisiwe ngetindlela letehlukene:

1. Confluence we subclavian, jugular, iziqu broncho-mediastinal. . Lokhu yakha imbobo esifushane futhi ububanzi thoracic. Lesi simo ebonwe 18-20% of amacala.
2. isiteshi esifanele kungenzeka ukuthi ingabi khona. Sheaths ukuthi injalo ngqo ukuvula phakathi jugular noma engela lezitsha zalo ingxenye. Lesi simo ebonwe 80-82% of amacala.
3. Kukhona ukwehlukana esifushane kakhulu, ebanzi isiteshi esifanele ngaphambi kokufaka ekhoneni at 2-3 nokuningi umoba. Lokhu kuvulwa libizwa ifomu reticular.

iziqu

Ziyakwazi ezintathu:

1. isiqu Jugular. Lakhiwa ngokuletha izitsha wesibeletho. Bephuma ISIZINDA ezijulile futhi lateral. Lokhu isiqu esihambisana yangaphakathi vein jugular ukuba ekhoneni. Kule ngxenye-ke agelezela noma igazi izitsha, ukwakha, noma iqhaza kumiswa isiteshi esifanele.
2. isiqu Subclavian. Khona kanye ukubukeka kwawo kungenxa uhlangane izitsha efferent ka axillary ISIZINDA. Umgqomo Kunenkolelo eduze vein subclavian, futhi linanomgudu sphincter. Kuphinde kuvule noma izitsha pooling eyeqile engela, ke ukwakha noma isiteshi esifanele.
3. isiqu Bronhomediastinalny. Kumiswa It is emikhunjini bronchopulmonary efferent, tracheal, isizinda mediastinal. Kulesi wazalela kukhona valve. Kuphinde kuvule ku isiteshi esifanele, noma jugular engela emithambo yegazi, noma ezitsheni, ukwakha kuwo. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama brachiocephalic, subclavian, umthambo jugular.

Kwesobunxele izitsha efferent ukuvula ku uvule imbobo thoracic. Kusukela tracheobronchial engenhla futhi ISIZINDA mediastinal zingase batheleka engela emithambo yegazi. Iziqu lymph, njengasezinsukwini imbobo, kukhona ulwelwesi ezintathu: adventitia, kwemisipha ne endothelial-nokunwebeka.

imithambo yegazi yomuntu amaphaphu ISIZINDA

Capillary akhiwa amanethiwekhi ezimbili. Omunye - ebusweni - Itholakala pleura visceral. Esesibili - ezijulile - Kumiswa mayelana yamaphaphu lobules alveoli nasemaceleni izitsha kanye namagatsha kwesihlahla bronchial. Surface inethiwekhi imelelwa inhlanganisela capillary emincane futhi ebanzi. Nanguya isendlalelo esisodwa. plexus capillary ethulwa ngesimo futhi kwabelwa bonke evele kule pleura visceral. Deep inethiwekhi ngakuthathu. Ngenxa main ingxenye yalo aphume ashone plexus lobular. Bathumela lymph izinkomba 2nd. Yena engena plexus yamaphaphu izitsha kanye amashubhu bronchial, futhi ku inethiwekhi pleural. amagatsha Inzuzo akhiwa ezingeni ingxenye, seningene portal kanye nokulingana. Bephuma emaphashini, kanye emithanjeni evulekile visceral e amayunithi ezilandelayo:

1. Bronchopulmonary. Basuke ihlukaniswe intraorganic futhi vneorgannye. Eyokuqala itholakala ukulingana segmental bronchi, kwesibili - empandeni yamaphaphu.
2. phezulu Tracheobronchial futhi phansi. Baqamba amanga nangaphezulu bifurcation tracheal.

izitsha Efferent iyangena anterior mediastinum futhi tracheobronchial ISIZINDA. Kulawa, basuke wavula e isiqu bronhomediastinalny. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izitsha angase awele uvule imbobo thoracic futhi jugular engela emithambo yegazi.