Esakha forebrain nalokho isebenta ke wenza

I forebrain iyona legatsha rostral iningi isimiso sezinzwa. It siqukethe le ama- cerebral (cortex) kanye ganglia basal. Lesi sakamuva, ngokuba cortex, elise phakathi izingxenye frontal zobuchopho futhi diencephalon. Ukwakheka zalezi zakhiwo yenuzi zihlanganisa nucleus caudate, igobolondo, okuyinto ndawonye bakha striatum Corpus. Igama layo ithole ngenxa alternation grey ndaba, eyakhiwa ezinzwa, nomhlophe. Lezi zici, ndawonye cerebral ibhola eliphaphathekile, okuthiwa pallidum uhlelo ifomu striopallidarnoy. Uhlelo lona ngokwalo izilwane ezincelisayo kuhlanganise kubantu, idivayisi ezinkulu zezikhali zenuzi kanye ehilelekile izinqubo motor ukuziphatha kanye neminye imisebenzi ebalulekile.

Ukwakheka ganglia basal kukhona nuclei subcortical kokuba zahlukahlukene kakhulu ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana. I pallidus Globus kukhona izinzwa ezinkulu nezincane. Striatum iseli unenhlangano efanayo. Ukuze izinhlelo izinzwa striopallidarnoy hamba izinzwa cortex cerebral, thalamus, ekunqandeni nuclei.

Iyini imisebenzi nuclei subcortical?

izinhlelo Kernel striopallidarnoy ehilelekile ngefanelo nangokuvumelana motor umsebenzi. Ukukhuthazwa ka-nucleus caudate, Osusa amakhanda uhlamvu stereotypical futhi shaking ukunyakaza sezandla noma forelimbs izilwane. Ngo inqubo ukutadisha striatum, butholakala ukuthi unendima ezinqutsheni ukunyakaza ngekhanda. Ukucasuka lokhu isakhiwo kwephula izinqubo memory nokufunda. uhlelo Striopallidarnoy uzabalaza nemiphumela inhibitory kumsebenzi locomotor futhi izingxenye zalo ngokomzwelo, ezifana ukusabela nolaka.

Amagxolo hemispheres cerebral

I forebrain kuhlanganisa imfundo, okuthiwa koqweqwe. Kuthathwa kumiswa elicinathunjana ubuchopho. Morphologically, cortex yakhiwa grey ndaba ukuthi ihlanganisa wonke ubuchopho futhi indawo enkulu ngenxa emphethweni eziningi futhi convolutions. I grey ndaba siqukethe inombolo enkulu ezinzwa. Ngenxa yalesi inani zokuxhumana kobuchopho likhulu kakhulu, kunikeza izinqubo zokulondoloza ulwazi wathola. Ngesisekelo ngokubukeka kwemvelo, angawodwa uqweqwe lasendulo, abadala nabasha. Phakathi ukuvela neocortex mammalian ngokukhethekile ngokushesha. amagxolo Lasendulo ngezithako zawo has ama olfactory namapheshana, lamachubu olfactory. Isakhiwo ingxenye endala cingulate gyrus, amygdala futhi gyrus hippocampal. Le ndawo asele kungokwalabo neocortex.

Njengoba amangqamuzana ezinzwa e we- cortex cerebral ahlelwe izingqimba futhi ngendlela ehlelekile, e isakhiwo ukwakha izingqimba eziyisithupha:

1st - ngokuthi yamangqamuzana, kwakhiwa plexus yezinzwa futhi aqukethe inombolo okungenani ezinzwa.

2nd - ngokuthi kungabukeki yangaphandle. Siqukethe izinzwa elincane ezihlukile, efana okusanhlamvu.

Okwesithathu - yakhiwa izinzwa pyramidal.

4th - luyimbudumbudu yangaphakathi, efana olwelwesini, siqukethe izinzwa encane.

5th - iqukethe Betz amaseli (pyramidal giant amaseli). Izinqubo kula maseli (axons) ukwakha ipheshana pyramidal esikwaziyo izingxenye caudal futhi sihamba ngo izimpande phambi kwe-nomgogodla.

6th - multiforme siqukethe izinzwa esingunxantathu futhi fusiform.

Nakuba le nhlangano kwemizwa we- cortex has a lot ukwenza, ucwaningo oluthe xaxa ngokwenziwa lalibonisa umehluko ukuthi avele endwangwini, ubukhulu kanye inani lamaseli bese detritus yabo ekhelini. Ngokutadisha Ubuchopho bomuntu ibalazwe cortex yalungiswa, okuhlanganisa izifunda 11 no-52 ubudala yasendle.

Nginomthwalo wemfanelo ngalokho forebrain?

Isikhathi esining impela amagxolo ubudala nangaphezulu kuhlanganiswe. Bakha ubuchopho olfactory. I forebrain futhi unesibopho nastorazhivanie nokunakwa, uhlanganyela ukusabela autonomic. Uhlelo uthatha ingxenye in kwetinhlavu ukuziphatha okungokwemvelo nemizwelo. Ngo isilwane ucwaningo, uma ukuluma amagxolo ubudala avele nemiphumela ehambisana ne-wokugaya ukudla: ukuhlafuna nokugwinya, peristalsis. Libuye kuyacasula ukuba amalaka kubangela ushintsho umsebenzi yezitho zangaphakathi (izinso, kwesibeletho, isinye). Ezinye izindawo cortex zinengxenye inqubo yokubamba ngekhanda.

Ndawonye hypothalamus, endaweni sezinzwa futhi forebrain (namagxolo lasendulo nabadala) yakha uhlelo sezinzwa, okuyinto igcina homeostasis futhi kuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa zinhlobo.