I kaNapoleon Izimpi kwaba yipumelelo ekulu umlando ukuthuthukiswa lonke ezwekazini laseYurophu. IRussia futhi abazange bahlale kude lezi izimpi, ngekubamba lichaza imikhankaso lempi Okwesithathu, Wesine sokusebenzisana anti-French e Prussia futhi aseBaltic. Kamuva ekubeni yindawo yokuqala ukwaze ukuphikisana enamandla butho lesitha umoya nesibindi kwesesosha ezivamile futhi ungungqondongqondo lempi ojenene Russian. Empeleni, uyophumelela amabutho wokuqala Russian ngoba isiqephu izimpi kaNapoleon kwaqala iMpi Yezwe II ngo-1812. Kafushane esikwaziyo ke, cishe, ngamunye compatriot yethu. Nokho, ubani ongakaze ezwe impi ye Borodino, noma ukubaleka of Napoleon kusuka eMoscow? Ake kwethu ongahlala kuleli khasi yomlando wethu.
Ethi The War of 1812: a emfushane emagcekeni
Inkambo we kaNapoleon Izimpi e eyishumi yabo yokuqala, ngakha ngeshwa kakhulu nabaphikisi kombusi French. Battle of Trafalgar, Battle of Austerlitz, Friedland, futhi eziningi nezinye kunqoba okukhulu kwenziwa Napoleon inkosi yonke iYurophu. Ngo 1807, ngenxa yokunqotshwa ezimpini uMbusi u-Alexander I kwadingeka ukuba esayina isivumelwano ezilulazayo ka Tilsit Russia. esimweni salo esiyinhloko kwaba nesithembiso Russian ukuze ujoyine nokuvinjelwa yezwekazi yaseBrithani. Nokho, i-Russia kwaba disadvantageous kokubili zezombusazwe futhi ngokuya kwezomnotho. U-Alexander I Treaty iye yasetshenziswa kuphela phefu futhi ukululama, wabonga Russian e 1810 izimo ukuvinjelwa ezwekazini. Lokhu, kanye nesifiso-Alexander I sokuziphindiselela futhi kubuye elahlekile ezimpini odlule ezibonakalayo indawo, kukhona kwezimbangela eziyinhloko Impi Ye-1812. Zombili izinhlangothi waqonda kwesiphetho izibhelu kusukela 1810. Napoleon ngenkuthalo waphonsa ngamabandla abo afika ePoland udala bridgehead khona. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, uMbusi Russian babambisana main amabutho empi esifundazweni entshonalanga.
Ethi The War of 1812: isifinyezo izenzakalo main
ayehlasela sikaNapoleon waqala ngo-June 12, 1812, lapho yena 600,000th yebutho lakhe sawela umfula Neman. amabutho Russian in inani ayizinkulungwane 240. Abantu baphoqwa ukuba ashona ngaphambi amabutho aphakeme lesitha. Kwakukhona izimpi ezincane kuphela, ezifana eduze Polotsk. Impi yokuqala enkulu senzeka Agasti 3 Smolensk esifundeni. I kunqoba baya isiFulentshi, kodwa Russian wakwazi ukulondoloza ingxenye yempi yakhe. Le mpi kwakwenzeka ngesikhathi ibutho lase-Russian waxosha owaleli abanamakhono Mikhail Kutuzov. Sikhuluma impi odumile Borodino, owenzeka ngo-ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. ukukhetha kahle kwendawo eklanywe njengomumo womhlaba futhi indawo positional kwezinhloko zamaviyo, umholi yasekhaya wakwazi elwa omkhulu we wamabutho esitha. The Battle of Borodino yaphela ngasekupheleni kuka-August 12 ukunqoba njé Napoleon. Nokho, ukulahlekelwa esindayo yebutho isiFulentshi, kuhambisana nokuntuleka ukwesekwa ke kwamanye amazwe ngokwezinga elikhulu nomthelela ukubaleka yayo ezivela eRussia esikhathini esizayo. Septhemba 2 Kutuzov senziwa, kwacaca ukuthi, kuze kube-sekuqhamuke isinqumo bayishiye inhloko-dolobha yakhe, elaba ngemva kosuku Napoleon. Kugcine bahlala khona kwaze 7 Okthoba ilindele sokunikela noma okungenani kuqale izingxoxo ecaleni Russian. Nokho, umlilo emzini, Ukuwohloka ebuthweni sikaNapoleon kanye impi yabashokobezi abalimi bendawo kwamphoqa bayishiye inhloko-dolobha. Kusukela phakathi no-November empini ithatha ukujika ezahlukene. Manje elambile neligwadulekile ibutho French kude Russia ngendlela zonakale futhi Russian uxhumano mobile ngenkuthalo uwuchithe kulesi sigameko. ukunqotshwa Final kwenzeka ngo 14-16 Novemba eMfuleni Berezina. Russian kwesokunxele amasosha kaNapoleon 30 000 kuphela.
Ethi The War of 1812: kafushane ngemiphumela
Impi ibe nethonya elikhulu emlandweni Russian. Imiphumela Impi Ye-1812 ziyangqubuzana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uye wabangela umonakalo omkhulu emnothweni wezwe, ingqalasizinda kanye ukubaluleka kwabantu. Ngakolunye - akuvumelekile Januwari 1813 ukuqala umkhankaso kwezilwandle kwezinhloko zamaviyo isiRashiya, ophela ukubhujiswa wonke uMbuso French futhi ukubuyiselwa Bourbons kuwo. Lokhu empeleni kuholela ukubuyiselwa imibuso mva nakuyo zwekazi. Ithonya elinamandla ezibalulekile bafakela ku izinqubo zangaphakathi izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho kanye namasiko eRussia. Ngakho, ukuya eYurophu izikhulu kwakhiwa umnyombo ukunyakaza yeningi kuleli lizwe, okwaholela zabhikisha we Decembrists ngo-1825.