Inqolobane Olekminsky: incazelo. Biota

Kubantu abaningi, Yakutia kubonakala endaweni lapho kunzima ukuthola. Bambalwa abahambi ukucabanga ngokuvakasha kwalona wesifazane. Nokho, remoteness futhi inaccessibility - akusiwona isizathu sokulahla ithemba uhambo nice Republic of Sakha.

incazelo

Ubani onquma ukuba alulame e Yakutia, ngokuqinisekile kufanele avakashele Olekminsky State Reserve, eyasungulwa ngo-1984. Itholakala elaliphansi kwamagquma Stanovoy yokhalo at kwalapho kuhlangana khona Aldan enkangala, lapho ingena Prilenskoye ithafa. Imvelo indawo 847.108 amahektha. Edolobhaneni eliseduze kuyinto 80 km, ngakho yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene we wokugodla cishe engabathinti okubangelwa abantu ngqo.

Reserve uthatha igama lawo Olekma River, ogeleza udlule yasendulo futhi ezinzima namathafa enyakatho. Olekminsky Reserve (Yakutia, Sakha Republic) afakwe ohlwini lezinto avikelwe.

Kule ndawo iyikhaya lenqwaba amaphiva, izinyamazane nezinye nezilwane. Esiqiwini zikhona 654 zezitshalo. Le ndawo bakuchazayo ngisho abahambi onokuqonda kunazo.

Landscape namaminerali

Reserve impumuzo kumiswa ezintabeni emagqumeni nezimfunda-goltsy vertices, ongafinyelela ukuphakama ayizinkulungwane. M eyodwa. Okwamanje kukhona izinqubo wokukhululeka Ukuguqulwa ikhefu ngokuyinhloko ezinamatshe eziphansi emifuleni. Esiqiwini eside Ubusika iqhwa elishisayo. inqolobane Olekminsky itholakala ngaphakathi eyiqhwa ungqimba ukushuba lapho ifinyelela 100-200 cm, ezingeni lokushisa - 4 ° C. Ehlobo uhla lokushisa kusuka +37 ° C kuya + 40 ° C.

Ensimini ka esiqiwini ageleza Olekminsky 85 emifuleni. Olekma - omunye wemifula emikhulu State Reserve, owumthelela ezinkulu ULena. Ngo-salmon wakhe whitefish nomhlophe evamile esiyingqayizivele, ziklabe-moose ogwini namabhere brown ukuza zicime ukoma kwazo. Umgede imidwebo ababetholakala Olekma emfuleni, njengemisebenzi eyingqayizivele zemvelo. Ososayensi kanye nabahamba, abaye bavakashela emfuleni Olekma, waveza ukuthi amanzi zicacile kodwa ezimnyama.

Amga River kuvela ku izikhala we Aldan Plateau futhi busetshenziswa for 150 Olekminsk Nature Reserve enyakatho. sifinyelela Lasenhla Amga - tyazhelodostupny futhi angathintwanga womuntu Nature Reserve umhlaba.

Tuolba - umfula okudliwa, lapho kukhona khona izinsalela izilwane nezakudala zitholakele.

Lakes egicna imvelo kancane. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo asezindaweni esiteshini Meteorological Dzhikimda. Ezinye izinhlanzi kutholakala.

Olekminsky Reserve has ezimbili ezifakwa nsimbi. Futhi izindawo futhi-ke kutholwe igolide eziveza, imali rock crystal, asebenza ngebhethri futhi polychrome tourmalines.

Izitshalo zinokuphila okunempilo Olekminsky reserve

Iningi akhawunti yemvelo reserve kwamahlathi. Zemithi hlala mayelana 88% zensimu. Olekminsky Reserve kubhekwa benchmark kwamahlathi Boreal yaseNingizimu Yakutia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ummeleli oyinhloko ye izitshalo kubhekwa Sardaana imbali rhododendron segolide. Ngezinye esiqiwini ikhula 34 izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingavamile (slipper ntokazi, Calypso onion, njll) Lokho ahlelwe encwadini Red. Futhi 65 zilwane kusukela Red egwalweni yakut, isibonelo, insimbi addansky.

Swamps hlala kancane amaphesenti angaphezu kwelilodwa endaweni isimo yokulondoloza imvelo. Marsh izimila: zikaphayini Elfin-Peat, sphagnum, hypnum moss, Cassandra chashechkovaya, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, cranberry.

inqolobane Olekminsky (izilwane)

Nezilwane ekuso kakhulu esisenyakatho ye-Asia futhi amelwe ezingaphezu kwezingu-40 zezilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlobo ezifana brown bear, Chipmunk, no-180 zezinyoni.

Esiqiwini lenzelwa ehlathini zezinyoni ezifana black lesiqophamithi, hazel grouse kwezinhlobo East-laseSiberia, isibonelo, Flycatcher, Red-ecula, zinhlobo eningizimu (Finch, abamnyama swift izigwaca). Amanzi Umhlaba has 18 kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi (Grayling, yefilakisi, kanye nabanye.). Futhi kukhona ukuphila amaxoxo, enesihlungu ezivamile futhi isibankwa.

Elk egicna imvelo zisakazeke, ngaphandle ezinkangala treeless. Ezikhanga kakhulu ukuba Moose Tuolby yizimbaxa futhi izindawo wokushiswa ubudala. Kukhona cishe 500 abantu.

Abantu abaningi must inyamazane ezilotshwe ntshonalanga ye esiqiwini isimo izinsalela enamadwala, izihlahla kanye ulele.

Manchurian basakaza Ukuboshelwa kakhulu. Ehlobo, lezi zilwane uthanda floodplains. Phakathi rutting senziwe masimu ngenhla kwemfunda. Imfuyo engachithi sikhathi iqhaza kukhwelana, musa ukushiya floodplains. Isibalo inyamazane obomvu abantu 200.

Kusukela ngo-March, Burrows ngaphezulu asebenzayo, kuhlobene Ukufuna ukudla rutting. Lapho abazingela sidla amagundane amancane, lezi zilwane isuswa lomfula ngoba ibanga elide, lapho babhaliswa khona kakade elinde Sable. Izimpi uwina Sable cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi.

kwezesayensi izivakashi

Ngo Olekminsky reserve kwakhiwa kwezesayensi zokuhlola. It wenziwa izisebenzi zeminyango yesayensi esiqiwini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzi sokuthandana kanye nezinye izikhungo zocwaningo. Kwakheka izivakashi umsebenzi, wadala emizileni amaningana nokuhamba.

Uyithola kanjani kuze kufike endaweni ebekelwe

UMbuso egicna imvelo Olekminsky engafinyelelwa edolobhaneni Kel-Kudu, esemgwaqweni km 80 kusuka emngceleni walo. A sigodi isitimela esuka Neryungri.

Inketho kahle ngokuvakashela lezi zindawo zibe zinhle - njengengxenye yeqembu uhambo kwi imizila ngokukhethekile iyawakha.

Kuyamangalisa umlingo ezingaqondakali ukubukeka ezinkulu kancane kwakhiwa. Bona ukukhasa kusukela emfuleni kuze kube amabhange okusezingeni eliphezulu yehlathi, eziningi zazo sifinyelela amashumi metres ubude nobubanzi. Wonke umuntu unquma ukuvakashela Olekminsky Reserve (isithombe esitholakalayo esihlokweni) uzokwazi ukubona indawo ezikhathini komlando.