"Iqhawe langesikhathi sethu," uPechorin: isici. Kungani uPechorin - "iqhawe lesikhathi"?

"Hero of Our Time" - umsebenzi omkhulu wokugcina kaMikhail Yurievich Lermontov, owashicilelwa ngokuphelele ngonyaka wokufa kwakhe. Kodwa-ke, ngokucabangela yonke ingqondo yokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo yomlobi, kungacatshangwa ukuthi, ungaphuli impilo yakhe kusenesikhathi, lokhu kungaba nje ekuqaleni. ULermontov wathembisa ukuba abe umlobi omkhulu kunazo zonke waseRashiya, ngoba akukho okulingana nalo msebenzi owawukhona ezincwadini zaseRussia ngaleso sikhathi.

I-Foreword, eyashintsha umbono womsebenzi

ULermontov waqala ukucabanga nge-prose ngasekupheleni kwezintathu. Ngomnyaka wamashumi amane ushicilelwe uhlelo lokuqala lweveli "I-Hero Yethu Isikhathi", futhi ngonyaka olandelayo - owesibili. Ahluke kulesi sandulela, esiyi-Mikhail Yurievich esingeze kule nguqulo yesibili. Kulo, wachaza imicabango eminingana ebalulekile. Okokuqala, zonke izinsolo mayelana nokuhlonza umlobi onomlingiswa womsebenzi, obhalwe yiLermontov, "Hero of Our Time", zixoshwa lapha. "Pechorin akuyena mina!" - kusho uMikhail Yurievich. Ugcizelela ukuthi ubhala inkaba hhayi ngaye, kepha ngeqhawe langesikhathi sakhe.

Ukuphawula kwesibili, okukulesi sandulela, nakho kwashintsha eziningi zezimvo zombono womsebenzi. I-Lermontov ikhuluma ngokuvunywa komphakathi, okulindele njalo iziphetho eziqondile noma zokuziphatha. Ubani "iqhawe langesikhathi sethu"? I-Pechorin noma omunye umuntu? Lapha uMikhail Yuryevich uhlambalaza obala labo ekupheleni komsebenzi ithemba lokubona izimpendulo zemibuzo yabo.

"Hero yesikhathi sethu." Ukuhlaziywa kukaPechorin nokuqonda kwakhe ngencazelo yokuphila

Kulo msebenzi uLermontov wenza umzamo - ohambisanayo, ocacile futhi othanda kakhulu - ukuphendula umbuzo ngokuthi yiluhlobo luni lobuntu, umlingisi ophethe izinto ezibalulekile zesikhathi. Futhi izici ezinjalo zibangelwa kanjani izimo zangaphandle? Kungani uPechorin "njengeqhawe langesikhathi sethu" futhi kungani ehlala ncamashi ngalesi sikhathi?

Lo msebenzi uqukethe incazelo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi "i-hero yesikhathi sethu" iPechorin ayiyona into ekhuthazwa yizimo zangaphandle njengoba, ngokuphambene nalokho, uyayiphikisa. In the novel, ubuncane bamaqiniso, kubhekisela emlandweni, kuze kube nesilinganiso esikhulu sezemicimbi.

Umlingiswa ubonakala ekhona ngokwehlukana nezenzakalo ezenzeka ngalesi sikhathi. Futhi uhlala ukuphila okungenakuqondakala kakhulu. Akucaci lokho akulwela khona. Ingabe uyayenza umsebenzi, ingabe ufuna ukuthola elinye isikhundla, ahlangabezane nomthando wangempela. Azikho izimpendulo zale mibuzo.

Isithombe somlingiswa oyinhloko owadalwa ngabanye

Yini ehlukile kwezinye izithombe zomsebenzi othi "The Hero of Our Time" kaPechorin? Izimpawu zobuntu balo mlingiswa zimbonisa njengomuntu ohlale ephikisana naye. Noma kunjalo, umfundi usaqondakala ngokuqonda kwakhe, ngisho nokuthi ungumuntu onjani, ngokuyisisekelo. Izinkinga uhlamvu lomlingisi oyinhloko, leli "hero" elingenakuqhathaniswa nalesi sikhathi, lihambisana nobunzima bokumbuka.

UMikhail Yuryevich wenza uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ukuhlanganisa abadlali bezindaba ezahlukene nabafakazi abachaza lezi zenzakalo. Ngenxa yalokho, umfundi akasondeli izimpendulo zemibuzo yakhe, kodwa njengokungathi ngokuphambene nalokho, uyahamba nabo.

Kunezincazelo zemicimbi ebonwe nguMaxim Maksimovich, isikhulu esingenacala. Uhlala eduze noPechorin futhi uyamphatha ngobubele obujulile, kodwa aboni kuye ukuthi ungubani ngempela. Isithombe esiyinkimbinkimbi nesiphikisanayo somlingiswa oyinhloko simelwe kuyo yonke inoveli ngokusebenzisa amehlo abalingiswa abahlukene, kuhlanganise naye.

Lo muntu unesizungu futhi ojulile ngaphakathi

Akuyona nje into eyinhloko, kodwa futhi eyinkimbinkimbi yemisebenzi ethi "The Hero of Our Time" - Pechorin. Izici zobuntu bakhe zidalwe ngosizo lwabantu abazungezile. Futhi uma behlaziya lo muntu ngaphandle, ngezinye izikhathi imibono yabo ayihambisani nombono wakhe siqu. Njengoba, isibonelo, u-Maxim uyabona okuningi kuye kunalokho akwenzayo. Uyabona lezo zakhiwo azibonanga yena ngokwakhe.

Futhi lokhu kwenzeka kuwo wonke umuntu, ofana nomlingiswa weveli "Hero of Our Time" Pechorin, uyajuliswa kuye. Akakho cishe abangane, ngaphandle kukaDkt. Werner. Futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukubona into esemqoka kulo muntu, izimfanelo zakhe ezinhle kungaba ngumuntu ongaphandle.

Isivuno somlingiswa womlingisi oyinhloko

Yini ehlale isematasa nomlingisi oyinhloko womsebenzi othi "I-Hero Yesikhathi Sethu" iPechorin? Ubambelele ekuzifuneni kwakhe njalo. Futhi ezimweni eziningi bathola uthando, ukukhathazeka, ukuvota kweqiniso, ukuhlolisana, ubudlelwane obuseduze nowesifazane.

Uwodwa naye uyindoda engavamile. Noma yisiphi isenzo sawo sakha ukuphikisa. Noma yisiphi isenzo siphenduka singabi umphumela, esilindele. Ufana nomqondisi owenza impilo yakhe futhi uzibheka njalo ngaphandle. Futhi konke lokhu kumuntu kuyabuhlungu futhi kuyonakalisa. Akusiko kungokwemvelo ukucabanga ngawe.

Umqondo okhethekile womlobi emsebenzini

Mikhail Yurievich kuyinto ngokuphelele original. Ngokwezinhlelo ezijwayelekile zokubhala, unikeza umfundi into engavamile ngokuphelele. Umcimbi ngamunye encwadini inoveli ubonakala kusuka kumaphuzu ahlukene, futhi akekho obala kakhulu.

Ukuze uqonde umsebenzi kaLermontov, kubalulekile ukuhlela izindaba ezifakwe kuleveli. The Hero of Our Time ngokulandelana kwezenzakalo zangempela. UMikhail Yuryevich wakha ukulandelana kwesikhathi sakhe somlobi, okungafani nalokho okwenzekayo. Lokhu kubeka logic ekhethekile yobuciko ekuthuthukiseni umqondo wesithombe "seqhawe lesikhathi sethu" - umuntu obonisa ukuthi yingakanani leyo nkathi.

Yini enye isici somsebenzi "Hero of Our Time"? Amaphuzu kaPechorin, atholakale kuwo wonke amanoveli, agcwele incazelo ejulile futhi wembula uhlobo lomlingisi wakhe. Ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa amandla akhe nethalenta ngaphandle, ukuqondisa izifiso zakhe kwenye into yangaphandle, uyazivala. Futhi njalo lapho enza njengombulali walabo bantu abathandayo.

Isihluthulelo sohlamvu lwe-protagonist

Kungani iPechorin - "i-hero yesikhathi sethu", umfundi uhlaziya kulo lonke umsebenzi, kodwa isihluthulelo sefilosofi esithombeni sakhe sisendabeni ethi "Fatalist". Akuyona into engaqondakali ukuthi uziphetha ngeveli yonke. Lapha kunenkolelo yokuthi ukuphela akukwazi ukuphikisana, konke kushiwo kusengaphambili. Futhi izibikezelo endabeni zigcwaliseka ngendlela engavamile. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uPechorin, njalo, ngokuqiniseka ngokufa kwezehlakalo, uyaziphikisa.

Lo ngumuntu ophazamisa ezenzakalweni, uzama ukuguqula, ngesikhathi esisodwa eqiniseka ukuthi lo msebenzi awusizo neze. Ubuntu obungenakuqondakala kahle, isenzo ngasinye esiqinisekisa umphumela ohlukile, futhi isifiso somsebenzi uqukethe ukungabi namandla ngenxa yalokho.

Ukuba khona okungabonakali komlobi encwadini inoveli

Abathengi bangahle baphinde bacabangele ngenxa yeveli yeso simo, amaqiniso, imininingwane yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Isibonelo, i-duel ne-Grushnitsky, ebaluleke kakhulu kumongo womsebenzi. Leli duel lekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye liyimfanelo ephawulekayo yokuphila okuhle. Futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukucubungula kabusha ikhodi ephathekayo, enikezwa encwadini ethi "The Hero of Our Time".

Lo msebenzi ophawulekayo wabhalwa ngonyaka ngaphambi kokufa kombongi, kodwa kubonakala sengathi kungachaza ukuthi ichaza indaba yelungu elizayo. Umlobi ngokwakhe ubonakala engabonakali emfanekisweni weqhawe, kodwa wanikezela uGrushnitsky ngezici zobuntu bukaNicola Solomonovich Martynov nokubukeka kwakhe.

Incwadzi ethi "The Hero of Our Time" yaba isiqalo semithetho yonke yokubhala. Ngaphandle kwalomsebenzi kanye nalabo okutholwa kwezobuciko uMikhail Yurievich Lermontov afika, mhlawumbe ngeke kube khona amanoveli angcono kunazo zonke eTurgenev, Tolstoy. Ngulo msebenzi oqala inkathi entsha ezincwadini zesiRashiya, lapho umlando we-prose ugxila khona, futhi ikakhulukazi uhlobo lwenveli.