Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo British Richard Lynn: Biography, imisebenzi kanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo. "Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, uhlanga kanye intelligence," Richard Lynn

Richard Lynn - wezengqondo British owaziwa, ubani owasungula inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela ubudlelwane intelligence ezingeni futhi uhlanga yomuntu. Lo mbono uye wathola ukuqashelwa emibuthanweni yabo, kodwa uma ngikhuluma iqiniso izitatimende zobandlululo Lynn Namanje wavusa impikiswano, futhi eziningi imisebenzi yakhe abhekwa impikiswano. Nokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umbono womphakathi, umsebenzi wengqondo kuyaqapheleka. Richard Lynn utlole izincwadi eziningi ezikhuluma ngale ndaba nangezinye izihloko, kanye omunye edume kakhulu yile okuthiwa incwadi "Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, uhlanga kanye nezobunhloli."

eminyakeni yokuqala

Richard Lynn wazalwa ngo-1930 e Bristol, indodana usosayensi Cindy Harland. Lokhu sezitshalo kanye zofuzo, yayaziwa imisebenzi yakhe wokucwaninga ngezakhi zofuzo ukotini. Nokho, noyise wayekade ahlukaniswe esemncane lapho abazali bakhe behlukana. Richard beqala ukuhlangana uyise, lapho eneminyaka engu-nesishiyagalolunye ubudala. Khona-ke Harland wabuyela UK esuka eSouth America ukufundisa eyunivesithi. Lynn yena wathola imfundo umxhwele, kuhlanganise iziqu University ehlonishwayo yaseCambridge. Wayesebenza njengomfundisi weZwi Psychology, kodwa udumo lwayo usezuze kuphela ngo-1973. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho wabhala kubange resonance ukubuyekeza olukhulu enye yezincwadi. Kuyo wasikisela ukuba lusito emaveni yezwe yesithathu luyize, njengoba inani labantu kula mazwe zimbi kakhulu ukwedlula evamile abantu abamhlophe, it is hhayi bazivumelanisa kuleli zwe, ngakho akukho sizathu ukuchitha imali into ukubasiza. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho Richard Lynn yaqale ukubonwa ngumphakathi.

Khulisa uhlu IQ kubantu wokuziphilisa

Omunye imihlola lokuqala, lapho ayesebenzela Lynn - lokhu intelligence ezingeni abukhali Ugxumela emibuthanweni wokuziphilisa. Njengoba kungaba kakade angabonwa, isihloko, okuyinto wafunda Richard Linn, ekuphileni kwayo - nokucabanga. UJesu wayengeyena umuntu abasebenza lo mbono, yingakho umphumela intelligence lwanda emakholweni avamile wabizwa ngokuthi "Flynn umphumela 'behlonipha omunye usosayensi. Manje is a standard futhi wamukela kwengqondo, kodwa ezinye ukuyibiza umphumela Lynn - Flynn, noRichard nokuba neqhaza ekutadisheni yayo. Nokho, lokhu kubonakala kungeke kube usosayensi othile uye uthandwa kangaka nje ngenxa nalezi zifundo. The main theme, lapho izwe liye laziwa Richard Flynn - uhlanga.

Race umehluko intelligence

Esikhathini yoma ngasekupheleni Lynn isifundo ngesikhathi esathola ukuthi abantu abahlala North-East Asia, liphuza amaphuzu ayisithupha phezu IQ, baseYurophu, owavele, nge-avareji ka-amaphuzu amathathu ngobuchule kuka Afrika. Uye eshicilelwe amaphepha amaningi kule ndaba, kuze kube sezingeni lokuba wafundiswa Afrika American bafika esiphethweni sokuthi labo bengabantu abamnyama, umbala ngiyiphi elula khulu, babe izikolo IQ ephakeme kunaleyo labo isikhumba mnyama ngokuhamba umsebenzi wakhe. Isizathu Waqamba Iqiniso lokuthi igazi abanesikhumba esimhlophe Abansundu eMelika nokuningi European ngakho ezihlakaniphile xaxa.

Ngokwemvelo, umsebenzi wakhe kabanzi egxekwa, izazi eziningi bakutshengise ukuthi zingabantu kakhulu eyodwa emaceleni futhi akusho acabangele nezinye izinto eziningi. Kodwa-ke, saba Lynn nabalandeli, owavuma nge konke okulotshwe Richard Linn. ukungafani kwezinhlanga ngokuhlakanipha baye seliyinto eshisayo kakhulu. Oholela emaphephabhukwini esayensi wenqaba ukunyathelisa imisebenzi yakhe, usosayensi odumile u- Dzheyms Uotson waphoqeleka ukuba esule umsebenzi wakhe lapho sacaphuna imisebenzi Lynn.

IQ Ukuxhumana kanye INGCEBO YENDODA Nations

Richard Lynn kwelinye izincwadi zabo babecabanga ukuthi umehluko intelligence basuke ikakhulu ezithinta iminotho yasekhaya. Futhi kulawo mazwe lapho kukhona GDP ongaphakeme, wakwazi ukuthola engezansi intelligence abantu. Nalapha futhi, abantu abaningi babe umbono esifana Richard Lynn: ukungafani kwezinhlanga ngokuhlakanipha lapho futhi ube nethonya eliqondile ezicini eziningi zokuphila.

Nokho, lenqwaba ososayensi uvotele ukuthi ukwaziswa okusencwadini Lynn athathwe ngokungathi sína akunakwenzeka: izibalo equkethwe kuwo, zazingeke zisebenze kahle, cishe njalo khasi kukhona izikhala lawo lasezingeni replenishment ayeyobe ebhubhise yonke ngokuphelele imfundiso yokuziphendukela Lynn. Ngakho ukuthi umsebenzi usosayensi awuzange Kunconywa Ukufundwa futhi kubhekwe eziwubala iyagula esiqinile, ukuba ucabangele njengento okungafanele nezuzisa emhlabeni yesayensi sina.

Nokho, lokhu akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa usosayensi ukusebenza eminye luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa. Awukabi incwadi ilotshiwe phakathi nenkonzo yakhe yokuba, Richard Lynn. Imijaho, abantu, ukuhlakanipha - kwaba isihloko sakhe, kodwa isimiso isalokhu injalo njalo. Wazama ngamandla akhe onke ukufakazela ukuthi kokuhlakanipha kwabantu kuncike uhlanga nokuthi uhlanga Afrika iyona okungenani ngokuhlakanipha athuthukile.

ukuhlaziywa yokuziphendukela kwemvelo

Nokho, isizwe esivelele kakhulu kanye owaziwa emhlabeni ncwadi, eyalotshwa Richard Lynn - ". Ukuvela, uhlanga, ukukhalipha" Kwakuwusuku global kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe. It ihlaziya yingcebo idatha eqoqwe abavela emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokuvamile, le ncwadi ichaza idatha ethathwe abantu abangaphezu kuka-800 eziyinkulungwane. Esikhathini meta-ukuhlaziywa Lynn ungaboniswa ukuthi IQ isilinganiso amaphuzu ephakeme abantu eMpumalanga Asia, nangasemva kwabo kukhona abantu baseYurophu. Ngokuqondene Afrika, into eyinhloko ucwaningo Lynn, abasaleli ngemuva isilinganiso European amaphuzu 32. Kwezinye izimo, izibalo zibonisa ukuthi Afrika eziwubuwula ezingaphezu kuka baseYurophu isikhathi esingaphezu 45 amaphuzu. Kuyinto lelibhuku, eyanyatheliswa ngo-2006, futhi waduma emhlabeni wonke Richard Lynn. "Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, uhlanga, ekuhlakanipheni" - umsebenzi ukuthi idonse kakhulu ukunakwa, kodwa namanje akafuni ukuba sikuthathe njengokungathi sína.

Umehluko ngokuhlakanipha phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane

Njengoba wazi, kakhulu usosayensi impikiswano kuyinto Richard Lynn. "Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, uhlanga, ekuhlakanipheni" - incwadi ababangela resonance enkulu emphakathini. Nokho, ubuhlobo uhlanga kanye intelligence - kwakungeyona eyodwa kuphela (siqala ozithandayo) isihloko nososayensi. Ngokwesibonelo, esikhathini esithile emsebenzini wakhe, wazama ukuveza ukuthi abantu ukuhlakanipha okuphakeme kunabesifazane, ngoba yabe seyaziwa ukuthi isilinganiso ubungako bobuchopho kunjalo futhi engalingani. Nokho, inkolelo-mbono yakhe waba ukulahlwa ososayensi abaningi.

eugenics

Lynn futhi yagxila eugenics, uzama ukugqamisa ezinye izinkinga zako ezisemqoka. Wayekholelwa ukuthi impilo yabantu ukuwohloka siyenzeka, ukuhlakanipha kanye ubuqotho. Isizathu, wayeqokomisa intuthuko emphakathini. Lynn ayekholelwa ukuthi imiphakathi zangaphambi zezimboni kwemvelo isinyathelo e ngamandla, kodwa njengoba ekukhuleni komphakathi, intuthuko kwezokwelapha, ukuzihlela nokuzivumelanisa kwemvelo waqala buthaka, echaza ukwehla jikelele intelligence emphakathini. Wabika nokuthi izingane eliphakeme intelligence - wodwa umndeni, kuyilapho kwebantfwana labavela emindenini emikhulu eziphansi IQ izikolo.

samanje

Okwamanje, Richard Lynn eyilungu enkulu zisekele ucwaningo Pioneer Isikhwama, okuyinto kubangelwe iqhaza Lynn wavuma zobandlululo. Nokho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi sikhwama Uye waqikelela izifundo eziningi zesayensi ukuthi ngenye akakwazanga ukuthatha indawo. incwadi Lynn yakamuva lishicilelwe muva - ngo-2015. Usosayensi wabuyela indaba ephathwayo esithandayo, kodwa ugxile kulokhu phezu ezemidlalo. Le ncwadi ibizwa ngokuthi "Race futhi Ezemidlalo: Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezinto nohlanga umehluko zemidlalo impumelelo."

ifa

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ucwaningo impikiswano futhi zobandlululo kungase kubonakale Lynn, ngegalelo lakhe isayensi kanye cwaningo kokuhlakanipha kwabantu kuyinto eyaziwayo futhi abalulekile. Ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi idatha Lynn eqoqwe encwadini yakhe "Izinguquko Emculweni We-, uhlanga, ekuhlakanipheni," ingaphezu umxhwele, futhi incwadi iye yaba nethonya elikhulu ekutadisheni umehluko kokuhlakanipha kwabantu. Kodwa namanje izazi ezinkulu eziningi ziye ababemgxeka futhi njalo ekuphikiseni ezithile amaphuzu akhe. Iwayini wabeka wafihla engadingeki idatha ucwaningo, usosayensi, ukunikeza umphakathi kuphela ulwazi okuhambisana ngezinkolelo zayo. Futhi akusiwona izitha nje abanye ngokungenangqondo, uhola ososayensi abanale nokuvuma zabo amaqiniso. Ngokwesibonelo, ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa ukuqinisekisile ukuthi Lynn ukwenzela ukufinyelela eempendulweni ezingeni isilinganiso intelligence lamazwe aseAfrika baye basebenzisa idatha kusuka lezintandane izingane ebhasha ngokwengqondo. Futhi lokhu akunjalo kuphela, ngakho-ke kunzima ngempela ukuthatha kokuzikhathaza umsebenzi ishicilela usosayensi.