Isithonjana St Olga: Inani, okuyinto phambi imithandazo yakhe?

"Kuyakuba khona impande zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni 'ibizwa ngokuthi yi-abantu-Equal ongcwele zabaPhostoli Princess Olga, isithonjana kuyinto kusukela ngekhulu XVI, isibe omunye kakhulu ohlonishwayo eRussia. Yena umzukulu wakhe ongcwele Prince uVladimir, ukukhanya kokholo lobuKristu axoshwe ogwini Dnieper ebumnyameni zobuqaba, kuqhakambisa nomunye, babé emlandweni wethu samuntu umoya komama kanye zoyise.

Kiev Prince uMlobokazi

Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke, iqanjwe 'The Tale of esidlule Iminyaka ", kuba esekhona izikhumbuzo lokuqala tetemibhalo, kokukhuluma igama Princess Olga, lokhu" wami ongokomoya Russian' ogama sithombe sibonisa nathi namuhla lilondolozwe amasonto amaningi isithonjana. Saint Olga ethulwa kule dokhumenti ukuba ibe ngumakoti wakhe abasha Kiev Prince Igor

Le nganekwane kusitshela ukuthi kwakungezesizwana umndeni lasendulo wezikhulu Izborsk futhi wazalwa ngo 894 kule Vybuty edolobhaneni eliseduze Pskov. Kwakukhona futhi emhlanganweni okokuqala nge umkhwenyana esizayo, owahamba enhliziyweni yakhe inkumbulo ubuhle okumsulwa nezihlanzekile, abahlala loMfula Velikaya.

Ngomunyu sobufelokazi ekuseni

Yilokho wayekhetha zonke ezinye omakoti selibuthile Kiev, lapho kufika isikhathi sokuba igama ekhethiwe yakhe. Wazenza ngumkayo futhi Omkhulu Duchess of Kievan Rus. Kodwa Olga akanikwanga umkhaya ujabule eside. Lutho neze ozalwa Svyatoslav amazibulo abo afika phezu abasha inkosazana enkingeni - wathatha Igor e ehlathini elikude amahlozi ukufa abanolaka at ezandleni Drevlyane ekhohlisayo abahlala kulezo zindawo.

Ukuze uveze usizi lwakho, ukubulala lo mfelokazi lusizi, kodwa usizi kungasizi, kodwa kuyadingeka ukukhulisa indodana, futhi kumbusi wezwe Russian ke manje ngisele ngedwa. Zonke ezikhathaza umphakathi manje walala phezu kwamahlombe akhe zesifazane. Kodwa okokuqala, ukuze athobe umphefumulo, kanye inkumbulo oshadile cishe like a kumele, Olga wakhulelwa ukuze ajezise nababulali yomyeni wakhe.

It is kamuva kuphela, ngemva kokuba ngumKristu, waqala, ngokuvumelana ekufundiseni ukholo lweqiniso ukuze athandazele izitha zethu futhi sibaxolele. Wabe esethulula umyeni wakhe kubabulali lonke ukufutheka uyahlanya kwezizwe zakhe ebumnyameni. Double ngokuyenga ezindlini e Kiev, omunye ngaphambilini yokungcwaba uyaphila, kanti abanye ngomlilo. Futhi ngakho kakhulu nswí ngamanzi umphefumulo igazi isitha, wathutha isikwati ku idolobha Drevlyane lapho bangakunaki izitha ubulele izinkulungwane waqhubeka.

umbusi waseRussia

Cha, hhayi lesi sithombe usibonisa isithonjana ithempeli lika namuhla. Saint Olga ozalwa kamuva aphume ifonti waseConstantinople, bese kuya nezizwana nabantu abahlala lo Rus lasendulo, uvele umbusi onamandla futhi ononya, ngaphambi kokuba abe umuntu uqobo ngamandla, yini ngempela ukuthola sikahulumeni oluvelele. Futhi nobunzima, kodwa esilalelayo izikhonzi zakhe.

Wenze inkosazana ohlakaniphile ukuqinisa amandla alo eyodwa, uhlukanisa nokubusa kwakhe emhlabeni "amathuna" - ezindaweni ezithize lapho umbusi selishonile, kodwa ngamunye wabo owethulwa nezintela, ukuqoqa ukuthi ukuthumela amabutho ahlomile. Igama elithi "amathuna" zifo kukholelwa ukuthi ziye zivela lezi "izivakashi" ungalokothi bahamba belambatha. Kwaba ezibizayo abantu, kodwa abanayo nengcebo yengcebo, futhi kungakho inzuzo isimo.

Futhi eliqondisa ngokuqinile ngesandla Multi Umbusi ohlakaniphile Russia kwaqinisa ngokugcwele. Ukuthuthukisa umnotho, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, uvele namadolobha entsha. Yakhula, futhi intsha isikhulu Svyatoslav, athe kokufinyelela eminyakeni ewu wabeka Minyaka yonke, kwadingeka ukuthi zilawule uhulumeni wombuso.

Ukunakekela imfundo esingokomoya sabantu

Ebhekene nazo isibonelo omunye uthi enamandla kakhulu ngalezo zikhathi - eByzantium, Princess Olga waqaphela ukuthi akwanele ukuba zinakekele inhlalakahle yakhe kwezomnotho kanye ibutho lempi ukuchuma isimo. Wayazi ukuthi nje impilo evamile angokomoya angasenzela ehlanganiswe abantu bayo futhi babe kuyisisekelo esinokwethenjelwa ukwakheka isizwe.

INkosi iye yasiza ukwenza kube isinqumo esihle, futhi, sashiya isimo inakekelwa indodana yakhe kakade esekhulile, Olga ephethwe imikhumbi eminingi waya waseConstantinople uqobo ukubona izithelo zomhlaba, baletha ngokusha kokukholwa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuxazulula ngokucindezelwa nezindaba zamanxusa futhi ulubonise ngayo amandla ezempi.

lokuzalwa Ezingokomoya ifonti ongcwele

Enhloko-dolobha ye-WaseByzantium inkosazana umcabango ehlaselwa ngokuchichima amathempeli, kanye nobuhle uzibophezele ekukhulekeleni kwabo. Wathula walalela e lwaya ukucula esontweni wahlanganisa ngokokuqala ukuze imiqondo yakhe entsha - ukuvuma izono, imidanti yokukhulekela, esiphambanweni futhi isithonjana. Saint Olga wabhapathizwa umbhishobhi omkhulu waseConstantinople uTheophylact, futhi ngesikhathi lokukhula ibhapathizwa wakhe kwaba uMbusi uConstantine ngokwakhe Bogryanorodny.

Ngokulandisa koMthetho isakramente Princess Elena iwine igama e yokudumisa umbusi Konstantina Velikogo unina ongcwele, owathola Cross True yeNkosi nanjengobufakazi ekusakazeni ukholo lweqiniso luye lwaba abadumile yombuso wamaRoma. Sifaniswa Novokreshchenykh umbusi wakhe yeRussia, abuyele ezweni lenkaba yakhe, waba umshumayeli ubuKristu izwe lombuso wakhe.

imisebenzi abangcwele ekhaya

Ikhaya Princess Olga eze eziningi wemithwalo imifanekiso namabhuku yesonto. Nayo futhi weza eRussia labapristi bama-Orthodox eziningana, okwadingeka ukuba akhokhe abantu Kiev kuKristu, sikhonza izithixo kuze kube yileso sikhathi. Umyalo Olga ekhatsi Kiev, engcwabeni ngowokuqala Christian Prince Askold esakhiwe uyithempeli St Nicholas, okuyinto wabekwa isithonjana yaletha esuka iConstantinople.

ONgcwele Princess Olga umsebenzele kanzima futhi badumise Russia zintathu. Kukhona esikweni, hhayi kude yakubo lwendabuko phezu loMfula Omkhulu ke vouchsafed ukubona amathathu ehla evela esibhakabhakeni esikhanyayo ray futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo wabikezela ukuthi endaweni uzobe wakha ithempeli yokudumisa zintathu Blessed futhi ekugcineni rustle edolobheni elikhulu kwezohwebo. Yena ngamisa loMfula yokukhulekela engu- futhi wasungula ethempelini, okuyinto okuqaliswe ukwakhiwa Pskov.

Esikhathini esifanayo Kyïv O umbusi ngokuzinikela ohlakaniphile esakhile ibandla Hagia Sophia, okwakubekelwa abazinikele e 960. shrine wakhe oyinhloko kwakuwukushumayela kwesiphambano, leso uye wayibusisa ubhapathizo engcwele Umbhishobhi omkhulu waseConstantinople. It senziwa kusukela Isihlahla Okuphila Lord Kwakubonakalisiwe izimangaliso eziningi zokuphulukisa.

Psychic ukudabuka Princess

Nokho, ngisho ihora kuye washaya Russia ukuba bahoxe ekungeneleni ebumnyameni zobuqaba futhi illumine okholweni Orthodox. Umlobi womlando ibika ukuthi kwakukhona boyars sasivumela Kiev Amakhosi ayephelezelwa, nokuzonda Ukuhlakanipha kukaNkulunkulu nokuhlakanipha kwezwe, phakathi kwawo kwakukhona Prince Svyatoslav, wavuthwa futhi baqina ngesikhathi indodana Olga.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wayala unina ukholo lweqiniso, futhi wathonyelwa ukuba abhapathizwe, waqhubeka njalo iqhubeka. Nokho, labo abakha u-eseduzane, abaphendukela Kristu, ungavumeli lokhu nabanye ungavumeli kubo on the fun. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indodana yakhe lidlule wonke amandla, nonina zenzisa ngokuphelele enikelwe enkonzweni kaNkulunkulu nangemisebenzi yokuphulukisa esiza abantulayo. nezindaba zomphakathi kudingidwa kuphela ezinsukwini lapho Svyatoslav kwaba emikhankasweni nge retinue yakhe.

Eminyakeni yokugcina the ngakhethi

Iminyaka zokugcina zokuphila kwakhe ekuleso Kiev, ephakamisela abazukulu, phakathi kwabo ekhula futhi uMbhapathizi ikusasa Rus Prince uVladimir. ugogo abangcwele wabayala okholweni, Wabatshela ngaloyo uNkulunkulu, saphawula nokuthi He qamba bhakabhaka hlaba, kodwa akazange alinge nibabhaphathize, engesabi ulaka indodana yakhe angabeZizwe.

Ngisho umpristi ayenakho ukusingatha imfihlo. induduzo yakhe kuphela kwaba incwadi yomthandazo futhi isithonjana. Olga oNgcwele kuze ezinsukwini zokugcina zalesi yakhe akazange ayeke kuSomnini ukukhanyiselwa bezwe Russian. Futhi uMninimandla onke walalela isicelo sakhe, ukubeka lukhulu ku-Equal umzukulu walo. Zona efanayo ngakhethi ngokuthi ukuba amenzele 969.

Ukugcoba futhi churchwide nokudunyiswa

Ukugcoba "Ubasi ukholo Land of Russia" senzeka esontweni lombhishobhi ngo-1547. Kwathiwa kuqinisekiswa hlonipho yayo jikelele ngisho esikhathini sangaphambi amaMongol. Kusukela kulo mzuzwana iqala indaba futhi iconography yayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi kulo lonke umlando wobuKristu phakathi abesifazane abayisithupha abagcotshwa sts, lolu dumo unikelwa futhi Saint Olga.

Isithonjana, ukubaluleka lapho kuba sobala kusukela ngezithako zawo kakhulu kuyinto ugodnitsu Nkulunkulu ubambe ngesandla esisodwa esiphambanweni emelela inkolelo nezinye isithombe ethempelini - uphawu umsebenzi kanye nokusabalalisa yayo angabeZizwe amazwe yobuKristu. Labo izimpawu kungabonwa izithonjana nezinye izinto ezithwala sokholo, isibonelo, i-Equal kubaPhostoli Princess uTamara.

Icons, ohlonishwa nabathandwayo

Princess Olga iyohlonishwa njengomunye umama esingokomoya sabantu isiRashiya, ngoba kuwo kuvela lasungulwa endleleni ukholo lobuKristu. amathempeli Imithala badunyiswe wakhe. Sinenkosi eziningi abantu ukuba ayokhulekela namakhulu eminyaka ngokwethembeka Equal kubaPhostoli inkosazana.

Akukona zome ukugeleza yabo futhi ezinsukwini zethu. It uyawuthanda ezikhulekelwayo enkulu, isibonelo, isithonjana St Olga eMoscow esontweni endlini ngesikhathi engcwele Centre YaseMoscow Sabefundisi - le ephezulu liphumele dolobha ethempelini. Itholakala kwi phansi lweshumi nanhlanu ehhotela, "University", nsuku zonke ivula iminyango yayo emakhulwini amakholwa avela ezweni lonke.

Abaningi abawazi, futhi isithonjana St. Olga Petersburg, kulondolozwe eyakhelwe behlonipha wakhe ethempelini, elise Strelna. Lesi sithombe esiyisikhumbuzo, lathumela elalizokwakhiwa e Park St Michael ogwini eGulf of Finland, edonsela njalo zabaningi kanye nezivakashi. Bonke isikhathi eside ukukhumbula isithombe inkosazana, ubambe isiphambano ngesandla sakhe, wamupha Umbhishobhi omkhulu waseConstantinople. Lena isithonjana Saint Olga.

Yini ikhuleke phambi lesi sithombe?

Kukholakala ukuthi ngomthandazo ngaphambi kokuba isithonjana Princess Olga kusiza inzuzo abathembekile ngokuhlakanipha ezindabeni zokuphila futhi ugcwalisa izinhliziyo zabo ngomusa, kudingeka kangaka ngamunye yokukhathazeka kwethu ngokugcwele nezilingo zokuphila. Futhi kwamenza ukhuphule umthandazo ngenxa nasekuqiniseni neRussia ngo-isivikelo kanye nokukhulula izaphulamthetho kanye ukuthambisa izinhliziyo zabo.

Zikhona nezinye izimo lapho ephulukisa ukuhlupheka kusuka lokugula ngengqondo waliyisa isithonjana Saint Olga. Yini eyenza kube isithombe ongcwele kakhulu? Kuzoba inembile inkulumo ethi ngokoqobo konke, ngaphandle mthandazo kusho kusuka ekujuleni kwenhliziyo yakhe futhi ugcwale ophilayo ukholo. Ngaphansi kwalo mbandela, St Olga uyakhothama indlebe ukunxusa kwethu lokulabhela phambi kukaNkulunkulu ukusebenza kwazo.

Siyazi futhi ukuthi abesifazane egqoke igama Olga, ukuvikelwa ngokukhethekile yigama isithonjana St. Olga. Izithombe okwethulwa kulesi sihloko kuzokusiza ukwakha umqondo iconography kwalesi sithombe futhi wabona indlela inkosi nangenkathi ezahlukene.