Ithambo Ethmoid Yekhanda. amathambo Kubhangqiwe futhi ayibhangqiwe Yekhanda

Kufundza ngababili kanye ayibhangqiwe amathambo cranial yakha lwamathambo ekhanda. Amanye ama-elementi akheke isipanji-like, nezinye - okuxubile flat. Ngokulandelako, cabangela lokho okwenza ugebhezi. igama Bone, indawo yabo futhi echazwe esihlokweni.

Uhlolojikelele

Ugebhezi lwabelwe ezimbili. Ziyashiyana imisebenzi yabo kanye nentuthuko. Amathambo Yekhanda wengane anezici yabo. umnyango Brain yakha umgodi ubuchopho futhi eziningi izinzwa. Iqukethe amathambo egumbini cranial futhi base. Esikhathini yesibili (siqu) Division has cishe zonke izinzwa. Nalapha futhi kukhona izingxenye zokuqala wokugaya ukudla bese izinhlelo zokuphefumula.

umnyango ingqondo

It has amathambo eziyisishiyagalombili. Ababili babo - abhanqiwe. Lokhu yesikhashana futhi parietal izingxenye. Amathambo ezisele - olungenakuqhathaniswa. umnyango Brain ine ezinye izici. ithambo Calvarial presents amapuleti yangaphandle futhi kwangaphakathi lomcebo icwecwe futhi etholakala phakathi isakhiwo sithambile. Lesi sakamuva ibizwa ngokuthi "diploe". Le into igcwale iziteshi, lapho kukhona emithanjeni diploic.

I ipuleti yangaphandle has surface bushelelezi. It ihlanganiswa ne periosteum. Titled kwangaphakathi ipuleti ingxenye iqukethe laseDura. Kuyinto mncane futhi kuhlanganisa inqwaba organic compounds kanye maloorganicheskih. Ngakho-ke, lokhu isici brittleness ezahlukene kanye fragility. Lapho cranial ezibuhlungu ukwa yayo kwenzeka kaningi ngaphezu ilimaze ipuleti yangaphandle.

I periosteum kuyinto Fusion enamandla amathambo emalungwini izindawo. On lonke ubude bayo ukuxhumeka okuxekethile ngokwanele. Periosteum kukhawulela isikhala yeselula ngaphakathi kwemingcele ithambo olulodwa. Lesi sigaba cishe Ukwakheka kwezitho hematomas kanye abscesses.

Ebusweni engaphakathi umnyango cerebral

Ngaphakathi nanso ayimigodi futhi awalethe. Bona sihambisana sulci futhi gyri zobuchopho. Iphinde iziza ukuhlukanisa itheku futhi umkhumbi ukulingana igobolondo kanzima. Kwezinye izindawo e ugebhezi kukhona izimbobo. Ziklanyelwe ukuba emissarnyh imithambo ukuxhuma izitsha le emithambo yegazi sinuses igobolondo, elingaphakathi diploic. Ukuvuleka ngobukhulu ezibhekwa mastoid futhi parietal. Ezinye izingxenye, ezifana ithambo frontal Yekhanda aqukethe izimbotshana. Basuke uphahlwe mucosa futhi enomoya. Isakhiwo esifanayo sici ngehele, ithambo yesikhashana futhi sphenoid, futhi ongenhla. Lezi zici ngokuthi womoya.

Frontal skull ithambo

It ehilelekile ekuqeqesheni ophahleni futhi base evele of ngalo ingaphakathi acinene nezinyawo iso. Kubantu abadala, lokhu-ke khathesi ulithambo ayibhangqiwe Yekhanda. Ngo izikali sakhe esikhethekile umnsalo. Futhi, yakhiwa umnyango esemkhathini. Singatsheki ezingxenyeni eziphansi amathambo samanje enwetshiwe inqubo zygomatic. Kunyukile kusuka ngamunye kubo amanga emgqeni yesikhashana. Kuhlukanisa ethempelini ebusweni phambi ohlangothini okuqondile esikalini. Ameva phezu ingxenye uxhumeke kwi-efanayo, esukela emhlathini.

isikali

Kuyinto endaweni elikhulu ithambo. Izikali kumiswa halves ezimbili. Izingxenye axhunyiwe ngumuntu weld engaphelele. Kwaphela iminyaka emihlanu kuyimi ngokuvamile likhula. Kwezinye izimo, le umphetho inakekelwa futhi ingxenye frontal uhlala ohlukeneko. Isikali ukuhlukanisa evele kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle. Okokuqala - bushelelezi, it has simise convex. On zombili umphetho ebonakalayo frontal protuberance (abhanqiwe). Laphaya ezansi ibona nhlangothi zombili kuyinto roller kokuba simise ucwezana (brow). ezakheke kanye nosayizi incike isakhiwo ngazinye lwamathambo ekhanda. Phakathi amashiya kanye uhlevane kwakhiwa surface bushelelezi - glabella.

Ohlangothini elingaphandle esikalini uyashiywa onqenqemeni ikhadi esemkhathini supraorbital (abhanqiwe). Cishe lapho tenderloin maphakathi. Kutholwe ngaphakathi ekhosombeni engaphelele. Kwezinye izimo, fillet ludlulele ngaphakathi emgodini. Therethrough amanga ezinzwa nempahla. Engxenyeni engaphakathi esikalini ngilugweda. Uma uyikha phezulu le kukhona anemifantu lwemithambo, maphakathi - Crest. Iphinde kunyatheliswa convolutions uyalandelwa. ridge Frontal uthuthela emseleni engenhla itheku sagittal. Ekuqaleni ekuphakameni phansi kukhona umgodi abayizimpumputhe. Ezinhlangothini emseleni elise fossa granulations arachnoid kusuka.

umnyango esemkhathini

Yena imelelwa ithambo ipuleti quadrangular ukuma okungajwayelekile. It ukuhlukanisa phansi (esemkhathini) kanye engenhla (ubuchopho) kwamanzi. Okokuqala - bushelelezi - ngamakhasimende emzileni. endaweni yayo anterolateral we indlala lacrimal itholakala isifaca, medial futhi phambi - Bloc ushona. Brain ingxenye iqondiswe ku ngalo ingaphakathi cranial yakhiwa ayimigodi futhi awalethe convolutions therebetween.

umnyango acinene

Le ngxenye itholakala phakathi esishintshashintshayo esemkhathini. It imelelwa ingxenye ithambo, okuyinto ufaka izinhlangothi bese phambi igridi-clip. Kohlangothi onqenqemeni ezingemuva okushiwo ku-edge ipuleti futhi ohlangothini front - oluxube acinene futhi neseleko maxillary. Kule ndawo kukhona iva - ekhaleni emgogodleni. It uhlanganyela kumiswa ukwahlukanisa. Izingxenye ezingemuva umnsalo khona izinhlayiya zegazi. Ziyakwazi ukuxhumana izimbobo ofanayo ithambo ethmoid. Umphumela angahlali nawo.

On Uhlangothi ngalunye phakathi onqenqemeni ku eheleni futhi ngokunciphisa emgogodleni acinene has beso itheku. It kuholela neengcezu kwesokunxele nakwesokudla emgodini. Kubantu abadala, ubukhulu sinuses lihlukile. It is ngaphakathi ulwelwesi lwamafinyila. itheku Frontal kuvula phakathi ndima acinene.

Ukuqina sekuyenzeka

Ukuthuthukiswa ithambo frontal livela izikhungo ezimbili. Basuke ezakhiwe ekupheleni kwenyanga yesibili kwesikhathi yabakhulelwe emhlabeni esifundeni supraorbital. Engaphelele ithambo osanda kuzalwa ifaka izinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Basuke exhunywe kwi ngomnyaka wesibili isikhathi post-partum. Kuya eminyakeni emihlanu ngokuvamile uhlala umphetho ebonakalayo phakathi neengcezu.

ithambo Ethmoid Yekhanda

Siqukethe plate amabili. Esinye sazo ovundlile, perpendicular nezinye maqembu. Futhi lokhu ithambo ayibhangqiwe Yekhanda kuhlanganisa Maze. Le mfundo kuhlanganisa amaseli womoya. Labyrinth ibhangqwe ingxenye. Amaseli aphuma ohlangothini ngalunye eseduze ipuleti nokuxhumana nomunye futhi ngalo ingaphakathi acinene. ithambo Ethmoid Yekhanda uku tenderloin. Plate isici libhekisela uMnyango ingqondo. I kwezinye izingxenye ezakha ithambo ethmoid Yekhanda, ezihilelekile kwetinhlavu ohlangothini medial we enethiwekhi iso futhi acinene ingaphakathi izindonga.

Ovundlile ipuleti ezingemuva sihambisane isici tapered. Phambili ezinhlangothini kuxhunywe ithambo engaphelele. Esikhathini ipuleti sebuningini ukuvuleka likhona. Ahloselwe ukudlula izinqubo nezinzwa olfactory. Emgqeni lemcoka ipuleti Yandisa phezulu kangaka okuthiwa cockscomb. Ukanye ekugcineni phambi isikela palsy. Eme phambi kwaleso yokhalo namanga abhanqiwe neseleko - iphiko. Perpendicular ipuleti olunezinhlangothi ine ijamo okungajwayelekile. It yakha phambili esifundeni septum acinene.

uxhaxha

amaseli wayo zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu. Basuke bahlukana, kodwa hhayi ngokucacile. Ukwabela ngemuva, phambili futhi iqembu phakathi. Ohlangothini lateral we mncane esemkhathini ipuleti izembozo. It is kuthambekele umgodi we emzileni ubuso bayo khulula. Kusukela ngaphakathi, kuphela ingxenye encane iseli embozwe amapuleti bony. Iningi lazo uhlale evulekile. Khangela, basibekele frontal eduze, LasePalatine, lacrimal bone sphenoid futhi ongenhla.

uhlangothi Medial we uxhaxha ngokuchaza esifundeni engenhla umgodi acinene. It has ipuleti amabili amancane - igobolondo (maphakathi kanye engenhla). Kukhona neseleko hook emise. Kukhona igebe phakathi echibini - lena engenhla acinene ndima. Ngemuva kancane ngenhla ekhosombeni engenhla, kwezinye izimo, baye bathola enye - aphakeme. Amagobolondo okuhlanganisa ukubunjwa ethmoid yayo ithambo Yekhanda, ayahluka ngobukhulu nangendlela ukuma, belinganisa ubude ezahlukene nokujula amavesi abafanele acinene.

ikhanda ophahleni skeleton

egumbini Cranial ku anterior frontal convexity kuyinto. It has kokuphakama: brow emikhulu namagquma. ophahleni engemuva yakha ithambo occipital. Ohlangothini iDemo parietal izinto wakhe ngamunye. Kusukela inqubo zygomatic wethambo okuqondile ophahleni yesikhashana siphela umugqa arcuate. It kuvimbela imbobo phezulu, nakho ehlukanisa Crest infratemporal kusukela inkatho efanayo.

izakhi kwakwakhe

Okushiwo skull ithambo (Ithebula elingezansi kafushane ikhombisa izinhlobo uxhumano) ngokuqhubekayo esikhathini esiningi. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko abutting futhi synchondrosises syndesmoses. Umhlathi ongezansi ixhunyiwe temporo-mandibular ngokuhlanganyela, futhi ilungu sublingual - ngokusebenzisa le micu kwemisipha. Syndesmoses amelela ukuhambisana fibrotic ezihlukahlukene ezivuzayo. Njengomthetho, amagama abo abhalwe ngokulandelana uxhuma amathambo. Nokho, kukhona ezivuzayo lapho amagama abo siqu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhambisana ka amathambo parietal eyenziwe sagittal, engaphelele kanye parietal - suture coronal nokunye.

Synchondrosises inikezwe njengoba uqwanga compounds. Zitholakala ikakhulu ngasesinqeni cranial. syndesmosis Newborn obubekwe ngaphambili futhi zezinzwa izicubu nemisipha. Ziyakwazi ngokuthi fontanelles.