Ithambo Frontal: anatomy pathology

Ithambo frontal lwakha calvarium. Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso izinzwa (emehlweni futhi nephunga), owenza umsebenzi ezimbili, futhi siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: evundla mpo. umnyango ovundlile sehlukaniswe acinene ayibhangqiwe nezingxenye esemkhathini umusi.

Ithambo frontal siqukethe izingxenye ezine: izikali ezimbili esemkhathini, acinene futhi engaphelele. ebusweni Frontal has esikalini ezilandelayo: frontal (yangaphandle), ubuchopho (kwangaphakathi) kanye ezimbili yesikhashana (side). Ithambo engaphelele ngo inqubo izinguquko kwemvelo, eba izindunduma frontal, okuholela ebunzini cool washintsha: kusukela ekwehleni waba convex. Ebusweni frontal kuyinto convex phambi, umugca lohlukanisa emkhatsini bushelelezi kuncane kokuphakama lubonakale. Izingxenye anterior of ebusweni elingaphandle esikalini ingena ebusweni esemkhathini. Ithambo frontal (ngaphandle izikali) uyashiywa kobuso arcuate yesikhashana umugqa yesikhashana.

isifo

isayensi Hyperostosis engaphelele ithambo syndrome noma isifo Morgagni-Stewart-Morel liyaziwa phezu iminyaka engu-250, kodwa ngisho namuhla isithakazelo ososayensi ukuba lesi sifo kuyaqhubeka. Ngenxa yalokho lesi sifo kukhona sengqondo, vegetative-semithambo kanye umzimba neziyaluyalu hormone. Abanye abalobi ukuba nezimpawu hyperostosis eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ukukhuluphala nomfutho ophakeme wegazi, ubuhlungu bekhanda eziphikelelayo. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo kuhlanganiswa nama nokugula ngengqondo (myotonia atrophic zokukhukhumala, iziyaluyalu palsy, isifo cerebrovascular, ukutheleleka rheumatoid). Nokho, kuze kube manje hhayi kusungulwa esihlukile isici etiological.

Osteoma wethambo frontal - isifo ezingavamile libhekene kumiswa izimila ingozi. Kukholakala ukuthi etiology ka osteoma elihlobene ne isici lezinceku (amathuba yokudlulisela zokugula inzalo oqondile amaphesenti angu-50), njengoba kuchaziwe exostosis azalwa nako.

I pathogenesis lesi sifo

Osteomas eyaziwa ezintathu izinhlobo: okuqinile, futhi isipanji medullary. osteoma Solid siqukethe impahla aminyene (amapuleti), okuyinto ahlelwe parallel ebusweni neoplasm. Medullary uhlobo osteoma iqukethe izimbotshana olubanzi zazo zigcwele umnkantsha.

Ngokusho Virchow ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili izimila: geteroplasticheskie (kwakhiwa kusuka ezicutshini), hyperplastic (kwakhiwa enkothweni). Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa osteophyte - izingqimba ezincane ngesikhathi amathambo. Uma hlala yonke selilonke wethambo, bebizwa hyperostosis. Uma amathambo eqinile ikhishwa ngesimo izimila esikhaleni elinganiselwe, ke exostosis, uma aqukethwe ngaphakathi ithambo - enostosis.

izimpawu Clinical osteoma

Osteomas, abasafufusa phezu kwangaphakathi wethambo frontal, ephelezelwa ikhanda njalo sokuwa inkumbulo neziyaluyalu, izimpawu ze-anda ingcindezi intracranial. Uma isimila itholakala ku "sella" engaveza ukungalingani hormone. Lapho zendawo sinuses endaweni iyakhiwa diplopia, exophthalmos, ptosis, anisocoria, kwehle umbono, njll

Ngokuvamile osteoma zendawo yangaphandle (lateral) kobuso ithambo. Osteomas, owenziwe waba owasendaweni ngaphandle plate skull ithambo, ebonakaliswa ngesimo imfundo obukhulu, ngaphandle kobuhlungu futhi ngempela. Sifo kusekelwe imiphumela yomtholampilo kanye radiology. Lapho extracranial isimila ukukhula kuyaphazamiseka ukuphefumula, iphunga, ngezinye izikhathi zikhubazekile skeleton ebusweni.

Nokho ayevame ukusakaza osteoma intracranial. izimila ezinjalo ukubhubhisa udonga lwangemuva sinuses frontal, okubangela kokucindezelwa we ketshezi ebuchosheni. Uma lesi sokugembula inqubo ephathelene ukutheleleka ukuthuthukisa arachnoiditis, ubuchopho ithumba, meningitis. Ukuhlukanisa yilesi sifo osteosarcoma futhi osteomyelitis. Neoplasms ziyasuswa surgically.