Ithanga gymnosperms: ukubuyekezwa, izici, ukunakekelwa kanye ukutshalwa

It kuvela, ungakwazi ukhule ithanga, imbewu aqukethe akukho ikhasi, bahamba-ze, futhi lelo banga libizwa gymnosperms. Ubiza ifomu ithanga tverdokorymi. Lokhu yemifino Simila Russia, Belarus kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Iincwadi ezingakatloleki kuhle imbewu abacebile izakhi kanye amavithamini. Izingadi abashayeli bamaloli olungavamile.

Ukubukeka gymnosperms ithanga

Lesi sitshalo has a ezahlukene umbala noma ukuma ekhuphuka, okuyinto sifanamsindvo ongafinyelela amamitha 12. Stem Faceted embozwe spikes, iqukethe eqinile nakho ngeke kusize toothed amaqabunga amakhulu pyatilopastnye. Flowers ezinkulu, ophuzi, dioecious, ne iphunga elimnandi. Izithelo umbala ogqamile ephuzi noma orange-yellow luhlaza. Inyama indawo futhi lunemicu amnandi futhi ahlanzekile, ngokushesha liphuke. I ukushuba we ungqimba ezithambile imayelana 2,5, iqukethe esincane a okhanyayo orange sombala. Amagxolo isithelo mncane. Imbewu ngaphandle igobolondo engenhla oluhlaza, ukukhanya marshanda noma amnyama. Abakwazi udliwe ngokushesha.

Ukukhetha indawo

gymnosperms ithanga tverdokorymi, ukubuyekezwa zazo anikezwa abashayeli bamaloli, kwanda ngendlela efanayo njengoba zonke ezinye amasiko ahlobene ithanga. Into eyinhloko ukukubeka kude squash, zucchini, nezinye izinhlobo amathanga ngokuthi akunangqondo cross-impova, futhi akazange alahlekelwe impahla yabo ngabanye, okuyiwona wona futhi batshala. Ukuze amathanga ezikhulayo ukukhetha indawo ilanga evundile, inhlabathi kahle avundiswa. Kuphela kuleli cala, izithelo zikhule emikhulu imnandi, futhi kungakho izogcinwa isikhathi eside.

Lungiselela lokubikezela

Indawo nomhlaba okulungiselelwe kusukela ekwindla. Bambe embhedeni, engeza umquba noma humus, kungenziwa abeke umanyolo fertilizer phosphate. Kuhle kakhulu ithanga ezikhula umquba izinqwaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lapho kuqala inkathi yasekwindla ibalwa kusukela iziqongo izitshalo enempilo, izinsalela zokudla, amahlamvu, sawdust, umlotha, Amahlumela amancane, humus. Spring endaweni efanele etshalwe izitshalo.

I kokumethemba kangcono ukutshala ithanga gymnosperms kukhona amazambane, u-anyanisi, nemifino ehlukahlukene impande kanye iklabishi. Kufanele sikhule lokhu isiko lapho esekhulile imifino kusukela Cucurbitaceae umndeni, ngoba unayo izifo ezifanayo kanye izinambuzane.

Ithanga gymnosperms: kutshalwa futhi anakekele Izibuyekezo

Lapho ekhula izithombo ngokusebenzisa ithanga, izibuyekezo balimi, likhula ngokushesha futhi ukunika isivuno ocebile. Izitshalo zitshalwa phansi ekupheleni eyishumi yokuqala ka-June, lapho usongo frost. Ngisho ngesikhathi ongaphakeme kwamakhaza ashubisa umnkantsha gymnosperms ithanga izithombo ziyafa. Ngokuvamile imbewu ezihlwanyelwe ngqo phansi. Basuke ehlwanyelwe enhlabathini efudumele lapho izinga lokushisa yayo ifinyelela degree angaba ngu-12. Imbewu bangcwatshwe embhedeni a 5 cm 3 izingcezu kahle ngayinye ukujula. Phakathi izitshalo kufanele kube imitha eyodwa okungenani. Kuphendula dweba izinsuku 12 emva kokutshala. Ngo sezulu yezimvula cool ngezinye izikhathi imbewu ukubola, akukho isikhathi ihlume, ephephile ngakho ukusebenzisa yokutshala yisithombo indlela.

gymnosperms ithanga, ukubuyekezwa ongatholakala wezwa lapho ukuthenga imbewu, lapho esekhulile ngikhetha. Ukunakekela wakhe kuyehla kube Ukukhipha, ukutshalwa enhlabathini, efaka umquba futhi ayakhala. Ukuxega inhlabathi idinga ukukhiqiza izikhathi 4 esikhathini ehlobo. Ihamba usayizi umxhwele shabalala eningi umswakama, ngakho nisela isitshalo kufanele kube kanye ngesonto, uma azikho izimvula. Phakathi zom ukuchelela kancane njalo kunokujwayelekile. Lolu hlobo lokuthonya ithanga has ngenkasa ongaphakeme. Okokuqala fed izinsuku ezingu-10 emva kokutshala izithombo, ngokuzayo - isikhathi izimbali. Ithanga iyaphendula kahle ngenkasa nekufakwa mullein nomlotha.

Ithanga Danae (gymnosperms): Izibuyekezo

Izithelo uqweqwe we ekilasini uba nombala ogqamile ephuzi ne bands ophuzi. Ikhabe usayizi encane - uginindela 3-5 kg namanzi, ezinoshukela, imbewu ungenalo igobolondo kanzima. Okunhlobonhlobo libhekisela umkhatsi-hlobo. Inani elikhulu amavithamini namaminerali eziqukethwe imbewu kanye uginindela, ngakho izithelo livame ukusetshenziswa ukudla wezokudla futhi ingane. Ukusetshenziswa Its e abilisiwe, nezitini, sikadali, kanye esetshenziselwa ukulungiswa ayo kanye uphuzo. Vegetable zithutha kahle futhi agcinwe kahle.

Danae ithanga Simila ngezindlela ezimbili: endle, futhi ngosizo izithombo. Ngo March-April, imbewu ehlwanyelwe emabhokisini. Lapho kuyoba 3 lezi amaqabunga, lesi sitshalo zidluliselwa ku ekhanyayo (ngokuqinisekile emva usongo frost). I lokushisa umhlabathi ngalesi sikhathi kufanele sibe ngu-14 degrees. Imbewu zitshalwa ekupheleni May noma ekuqaleni kuka-June, kulandela Scheme 1 x 1 m.

Ithanga Danae, njengazo zonke cucurbits, zidinga Umanyolo eyengeziwe. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 emva kokutshala izithombo ukuchitha inhlabathi udabrivanie, owesibili - ngesikhathi izimbali. Lesi sitshalo kufanele kube ukuthambisa esifike ngesikhathi futhi Ukuhlakula ukhula. Njengoba izithelo yokuvuthwa usike bese kudliwa njengoba imbewu kanye uginindela. Abalimi bathi imbewu simnandi kakhulu, asidingi ukuthi uhlanzekile, nakuba zikhona kule filimu. Inyama ukukhanya umbala owolintshi, kuvela ijusi emangalisayo.

ithanga ibhilikotsi

Ithanga yalolu hlobo libhekisela esiyingqayizivele izinhlobo maphakathi-zakuqala ithanga. Ihambisana emva mayelana 3 izinyanga zokutshala. Isithelo has simise isiyingi-cylindrical nge ribbing ngokucacile. In esigabeni full ripeness Umbala ibhilikotsi ithanga uqweqwe aphuzi nge imivimbo sasivumela ezibanzi oluhlaza, kubukeka egqamile futhi ekhangayo. izithelo uqweqwe aminyene, kodwa kunzima. I slabovoloknistaya uginindela, soft umbala ophuzi. imbewu Ithanga ngaphandle isikhumba obukhulu, embozwe ifilimu elincanyana. Apricot ithanga gymnosperms, ukubuyekezwa zazo ezinhle kuphela kungokwalabo izinhlobo dessert.

ezihlukahlukene Grown imbewu ithanga, puree yokukhiqiza kuphinde kukhiqizwe juice, okuyinto kunambitheka efana ibhilikotsi. Ithanga uginindela waqothula eluhlaza.

ukuvuna

Ithanga gymnosperms, ukubuyekezwa zazo wadluliselwa ngomlomo, has isivuno ezijulileyo lonke tverdokoryh umndeni. Ukuze umsebenzi usheshe yokuvuthwa of izitshalo main stem ingcosana lapho kwakhiwa 3 esibelethweni. Omunye sitshalo sikhula ukuze 6 izithelo. Hlanza ithanga ngaphambi ukuqala kubanda, lapho izithelo Isiqu seyomile. Isitolo kungaba cishe izinyanga ezintathu at okushisa kusuka degrees 8 kuya ku-10.

izakhiwo awusizo

Indlela ewusizo kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa gymnosperms imithi ithanga? zako kunzima kakhulu overestimate. Idume impahla yayo wezokudla. Ngo uginindela ithanga gymnosperms aqukethe:

• ushukela - 4-11%, futhi 2.6% glucose;
• fiber, amaprotheni, isitashi, pectin;
• amavithamini B, carotene, E, C, PP;
• izakhi Macro: magnesium, i-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-potassium, i-silicon sodium;
• ukulandelela izakhi iodine, ayibe, insimbi, zinc, one-fluoride, nethusi.

amahlamvu ithanga aqukethe uvithamini C kakhulu ngaphezu kwenyama. Futhi imbewu ithanga yakhiwa izakhi ezilandelayo:

• uwoyela okunamafutha - kufika ku-50%;
• amaprotheni - 28%;
• amavithamini B1, C;
• phytosterols;
• carotenoid;

Ngo gymnosperms ithanga ingasetshenziswa ne izidakamizwa ukuze imbewu, amahlumela amasha kanye uginindela. Ngenxa ongaphakeme ikhalori ithanga gymnosperms, ukubuyekezwa zazo ngesikhathi abantu ukuzwa, enamandla egcwele efanelekayo ukupheka ezinsukwini ukudla. Badinga ukudla isigamu amakhilogramu ephekwe eziko noma ithanga abilisiwe. Okuqukethwe okusezingeni eliphezulu pectin e ithanga nomphumela omuhle iziguli izinqubo ukuvuvukala emathunjini ezinkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, pectins neqhaza esiphethweni cholesterol eziyingozi nomzimba womuntu futhi kuvimbele ukumuncwa yayo.

Ukudla ithanga:

• ikhuthaza ukukhululwa chlorine ngu izinso, ngakho kuyasiza kakhulu iziguli edema isifo senhliziyo;
• It Kunconywa iziguli Kungasebenti kahle kwaletinye izinso, isibindi;
• Kuyasiza kubantu abaphethwe sifo.

Impahla eyinhloko imbewu ithanga imithi itholakala kungani leso senzo sabo anthelmintic. Isiza ukuxoshwa round and izikelemu kanye kuthathwe ngezinhloso izifo. A nomphumela ikakhulukazi anamandla has ithanga gymnosperms. Amazwana isicelo imbewu ukufakazela inzuzo enkulu kwalo mkhiqizo.

Growing ithanga gymnosperms akuyona ezahlukene okuningi letitsatfwe kulamanye emasiko tverdokoryh. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-thermophilic, ngakho-ke kufanele itshalwe emhlabeni efudumele futhi kangcono yisithombo indlela. Kungenjalo, imbewu ungenalo igobolondo, kungenzeka umane ukubola. Abalimi abaningi efana ithanga gymnosperms ukunambitha. Izibuyekezo yenyama esihlwabusayo imbewu, okuyinto akudingeki ukuba uthuthukise, yasheshe phakathi balimi amateur.