Iwayini eliqinile: umlando nomkhuba

Wonke umuntu osemdala ophakathi, cishe okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe, wazama iwayini lesipopayi noma iziphuzo ze-Madera kusukela esikhathini esidlule saseSoviet. Iwayini elivinjiwe elivinjiwe lalisetshenziselwa okuningi kunomile, ngenxa yamandla ayo akhula, cishe. Kodwa akekho okungadingekile ukungazidingi. Ukuthi iwayini elinjalo liqiniswe, kunokuba lihluke ngokujwayelekile, sizokutshela esihlokweni sethu. Futhi kusukela kulokhu okuzofunda ukuthi ungayiphuza kanjani lokhu ngezandla zakho ekhaya.

Incazelo: iwayini iqine

Lolu hlobo lwezokwephuza utshwala, olwenziwe ngamapulangwe ajwayelekile noma emaspini kokubili ukuvutshelwa okugcwele nokukodwa, ngokufaka u-ethyl utshwala noma olunye utshwala obunamandla obudakayo. Kusho ukuthini, ngokumane, ukuthi iwayini liqiniswe? Ezimweni zokugcina zokukhiqiza, utshwala lengezwe kumkhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, isiphuzo sinamandla aphezulu (kwezinye izimo - kufika ku-20%) uma kuqhathaniswa newayini elingenalo lukhuni. Futhi ukunambitheka okuhlukile.

Lezi ziphuzo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa: sherry, port, Madera, Marsala. Noma kunjalo - amawayini weTokajsky namase dessert.

Kanjani kahle ukusebenzisa?

Iwayini eliqinile lifanele lidakwe njengendlela yokuphazamisa isiphuzo (isiphuzo esibangela ukufisa ukudla) noma ukugaya (isiphuzo esisiza ukugaya). Sebenzisa okufakwe ku-10-18 degrees. Kuyinto efiselekayo kusuka ezibukweni ezikhethekile: emincane futhi ephakeme. Ngesisekelo sechweba, i-Madera, i-sherry, i-cocktails ikulungisiwe, nayo ibhekwa njenge-aperitifs.

Amawayini aqinekile ahlangene kakhulu : iwayini lesiphathi - nge-blue, ama-almonds, ama-walnuts, ushokoledi, izithelo ezomile; USherry - enezimvu, ama-oliva, ama-almonds, ham; I-Madera enezitsha zokuqala, ushizi namantongomane; I-Marsala - nge-dessert ye-chocolate.

Kusuka emlandweni

Ukuqinisa iwayini kwaqala ngezikhathi ezithile. UVinotorgovtsy, othuthela utshwala ngamanzi (futhi ngezinye izikhathi wathatha isikhathi eside), waphawula ukuthi iwayini liphuthunyiswa ngokushesha ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa futhi lizamazama njalo ngesikhathi sezulu esingenayo. Baphinde bafika nomqondo wokwengeza utshwala ukuze ushise iwayini. Futhi, kumelwe ngithi, leli hlobo elingavamile lewayini ngaleso sikhathi lafika ukunambitha ababonisi abaningi bangempela bokuphuza utshwala. Iwayini elinjalo lingaba mhlophe, elibomvu, futhi elibomvu. Inqaba evamile isukela ku-16 kuya kwangu-22%. Ngemva kokuvula, amabhodlela agcinwa isikhathi eside kunamagumbi okudlela.

Jerez

Lewayini enezivikelo ezivuthiwe ezimagilebhisi ezimhlophe ingenye yezimpawu zikazwelonke zaseSpain. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amagilebhisi alethwe eSpain namaFenike cishe ngo-1100 BC. Ama-Arabhu, athatha iSpain kamuva, azama ukuxosha izivini ngezizathu zenkolo (iKoran yayivimbela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala). Kodwa izakhamuzi zesifundazwe saseJerez zasindisa umvini ekuduleni, etshela umlenze ukuthi uzokhiqiza omisiwe emagilebhisi ukuze asondle amasosha. AmaKristu, awanikela ama-Arabhu ekhulwini le-13, aqala ukukhiqiza nokuphuza sherry. Abaqhawe babanika ngisho namahhashi ukuze izilwane zingabi nesibindi futhi zingesabi izitha. ENgilandi, i-sherry ibizwa ngokuthi "sherry", ngenxa yokubiza okunamandla kwegama labaseBrithani. Ngendlela, u-sherry waba ngowokuqala kwewayini elidumile elihamba ngemigodi eNew World, ngaleyo ndlela ivula iMelika. Izindinganiso ezikhiqizwa ngazo zivunyelwe idokhumenti ekhethekile, ngokusho ukuthi yikuphi kuphela iwayini elikhiqizwa "emlenzeni wamantombazane" wesifundazwe saseJerez.

Port and Madeira

Lesi siphuzo sokuphuza utshwala livela ePortugal. Kulapha, edolobheni lasePorto, kukholelwa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwalesi siphuzo kwaqala. Ngezigaba zokuqala kugcinwa emiphongolweni ye-oki, ihlanganiswe futhi ishiywe ukuvuthwa noma emgqonyeni noma ebhodleleni. I-Madeira ingenye iwayini lasePutukezi elisuka esiqhingini saseDadira, lapho iwayini labizwa ngegama layo. Isici salo esivela yi-caramel ne nut nut, kahle - yinqaba.

I-Marsala

Iwayini leSicilian lifana neMedira. Liye lakhiqizwa kusukela ngekhulu le-18 eSicily. Uma kuqhathaniswa neMiraira ineshukela engaphezulu.

Amawayini aqoshwe eCrimea

Imikhiqizo ye-Massandra nayo ibongwa ngabathandi beqiniso bewayini eziqinile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: ichweba elibomvu nelomhlophe, i-muscatel elimnyama, elimhlophe nelomhlophe, i-Cahors. Echwebeni kukhona inqaba enkulu (17%), kodwa ushukela ongaphansi (6). E-Muscat, isilinganiso sendabuko (16/16). Lezi vinini zihlukaniswa njenge-dessert enezivikelo eziqinile futhi zivinjiswe amawayini anamandla (ngokusho kwesigaba soSoviet).

Indlela yokwenza iwayini eliqinile?

Lesi siphuzo esiyingqayizivele nesiningi esithandayo singenziwa ngezandla zakho. Kuzohluka kusuka etafuleni elomile noma elomile ngamandla alo, okunikeza isiphuzo salo kanye nokuthandwa okusha.

Ngakho, esigabeni sokuqala silungiselela iwayini elivuthiwe ngokusho kobuchwepheshe beklasi - besebenzisa inqubo yokuvutshelwa kwemvelo kanye ne-shutter yamanzi. Kunezindlela eziningi zokupheka zewayini elinjalo, nazo zonke izinhlobo zokuhluka, ngakho ngeke siziphindiselele futhi sizoqhubeka ngokushesha esigabeni sesibili.

Esigabeni sesibili, iwayini elincane elilungiselelwe kufanele lilungiswe - engeza idijithi kulo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana.

Indlela yokuqala

Inqaba yanezelwa ngosizo ushukela (ama-gram angu-20 ngelitha ngalinye lingakabi ujusi okwandisa amandla ngezinga elilodwa). I-Sugar ixutshwe futhi ibeka i-wort ngaphansi kwesimanzi samanzi ukuze kuqhutshekwe ukuvutshelwa. Emasontweni ambalwa, iwayini lihlanjululwa ngokusebenzisa isihlungi futhi lisuswe esiteji ukuze sikhule. Ngemuva - ibhodlela futhi ivinjiwe.

Indlela yesibili

Futhi okuvamile kakhulu! I-wort evezwe ithululelwa i-ethyl alcohol (mhlawumbe i-cognac) - cishe i-20% yevolumu yewayini. Ngemva kokufaka utshwala, amabhaktheriya ayafa, newayini liyeka ukuvuthwa. Ihlonishwa futhi ihanjiswe esiteji sokukhanyisa (amasonto ambalwa). Ngemuva kokuthululela amabhodlela nokugqoka. Gcina endaweni enezingqimba, ukuphenduka ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuze isikhala singabe soma. Ngakho ungalungisa iwayini eliqinisekisiwe ekhaya.