Iyini ama-degree Celsius asetshenziselwa?

Esikhathini sethu akunakwenzeka ukuphila ngaphandle kokulinganisa. Hlola ubude, ivolumu, isisindo nokushisa. Kunezinyunithi eziningana zesilinganiso kuzo zonke izinyathelo, kodwa zikhona futhi
I-universally recognized. Zisetshenziswa cishe yonke indawo. Ukukala izinga lokushisa ohlelweni lamazwe ngamazwe, ama-degrees Celsius asetshenziswa, njengendlela elula kakhulu. Kuse-US nase-UK kuphela esebenzisa isilinganiso esincane esinembile seFahrenheit.

Umlando wokulinganisa izinga lokushisa

Umqondo wokushisa wawuziwa kubantu basendulo. Bangakwazi ukunquma ukuthi into ethile ibomvu noma iyashisa kunomunye. Kodwa isidingo sokulinganisa okuqondile asizange siphakamise kuze kufike isikhathi lapho ukukhiqizwa kubonakala khona. I-Metallurgy, ama-steam engakwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuzimisela okuqondile kwezinga lokushisa kwezinto. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi baqala ukusebenza ekudalweni kwezindlela zokulinganisa ukushisa.

Isistimu yokuqala eyaziwa kanjalo kwakuyizinga le-Fahrenheit. Isazi sesayensi yaseJalimane uGabriel Fahrenheit sanconywa ngo-1724 ukuthi sithathe ukushisa okuqhakazile kwezingxube zeqhwa nosawoti ku-0 degrees. Ngokwezinga lethu elivamile, lokhu kungaba yi-degrees ezingu-21. Kwasosayensi ^ongu- 100 uphakamise ukuthatha izinga lokushisa elivamile lomzimba womuntu. Le ndlela ayilona ilungile, kodwa isasetshenziswa ema-US, ngoba amaqhwa anamandla kunama-degrees angu-21.

Yiziphi ezinye izilinganiso zokushisa ezikhona

Ikhulu le-17 le-18 yisikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe. Ososayensi abaningi bazama ukwakha izinga labo lokushisa. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, kwakunezingu-20 zazo. Kodwa kwasetshenziswa ezimbalwa kuphela.

I-Reaumur Scale

Isazi sefilosofi saseFrance uRené Antoine Ferschot de Reaureur wasikisela ukusebenzisa utshwala ku- thermometers. Ngomnyaka ka-1730, wathatha njengendawo yokubhekisela 0 ^o , iphuzu lokuqhwa kwamanzi. Kodwa wathatha izinga lokushisa lokubilisa ngo-80 °. Emva kwakho konke, lapho izinga lokushisa lishintshwa ngu-1 °, isisombululo sesiphuzo, esasisebenzisa ku-thermometer, sashintshwa ngu-1 ml. Kwakukhona
Kuyinto engavamile, nakuba isikhala esinjalo sasihlale isikhathi eside eFrance naseRussia.

Isilinganiso se-Celsius

Kwaphakanyiswa ngo-1742 ngumsosayensi waseSweden u-Anders Celsius. Isilinganiso sokushisa sasihlukaniswa yi-100 ^° phakathi kwephuzu lokuqandisa kanye nenamba yokubilisa yamanzi. Amagremu we-Celsius - namanje iyunithi ejwayelekile kakhulu emhlabeni wokulinganisa izinga lokushisa.

I-Kelvin Scale

Ekhulwini le-19, ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-thermodynamics, kwadingeka ukuba kudingeke ukuba kube nesilinganiso esilinganiselwe sokubala esizosivumela ukuba siqondise ukucindezela, ivolumu, nokushisa komswakama. Umsizi wesayensi weNgisi Thompson, owanikezwa ngeNkosi Lord Kelvin, uhlongoze ukuthi i- zero ephelele ibhekwe njengendawo yokubhekisela . Izilinganiso zeCelsius zasetshenziselwa ukulinganisa futhi lezi zikala ezimbili zikhona ndawonye.

Indlela yokudala isikali se-Celsius

Okokuqala, usosayensi uphakamise ukuthi iphuzu lokubilisa lamanzi lithathwe njenge-0 °, futhi iphuzu lokuqhwala kufanele kube yi-100 ^o . Kuze kube manje, sisebenzise iCelsius yokulinganisa izinga lokushisa, nakuba lo mbono ngokwawo ungowakwaCarlo Renaldini. Nguye owasikisela ukuthi asebenzise iphuzu lokubilisa kanye nephoyinti yamanzi emuva ngo-1694.

I-thermometer yokuqala esekelwe kwimibono yeCelsius isetshenziswe nguCarl Linnaeus ngo-1744 ngokubona izitshalo. Wadala nguDaniel Ekström, umnikelo omkhulu wokuletha isikali kumqondo wanamuhla okwenziwa ngumsosayensi uMartin Strehmer. Kwakuyi-thermometer yabo okokuqala ngqa i-0 degrees Celsius eyabonisa iphuzu lokuqhwaza kwamanzi, futhi i-100 ^o kwaba iphuzu lokubilisa kwalo.

Lolu hlelo lwaluhle kakhulu futhi lwaqala ukusakazeka emhlabeni jikelele. Yiqiniso, okokuqala yayibizwa ngokuthi "i-Extreme scale" noma "iStremer scale". Futhi ngo-1948 kuphela kwaqashelwa ngokomthetho, owaqanjwa ngeCelsius futhi wamukelwa emhlabeni wonke.

Ukusebenzisa isilinganiso seCelsius

Manje cishe wonke amazwe asebenzisa lolu hlelo lokukala lokushisa. Ngoba iphuzu leqhwa lamanzi lifanayo kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba futhi akuxhomeki ekucindezelekeni. Futhi amanzi yizinto ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, manje zonke izingane ziyazi kahle isibonakaliso sezinga le- Celsius.