Izakhiwo of izinsimbi

Ngesikhathi lapho isintu siye safunda izinsimbi netshe kanye ukuyicubungula waqala esiyindilinga entsha intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, okuyinto lusaqhubeka. Uma phambi plastic emuva ngo-1835 izinto eziyisisekelo, eliqinile ezazitholakala abantu kuyinto metal, nokhuni, manje wanezela ohlwini Plastics. Noma kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba sicabange endaweni lapho kwakungakashiwo wasebenzisa izinsimbi kanye Alloys yabo. Kungashiwo ukuthi intuthuko njengoba injalo manje wenziwe sibonga kungenzeka kubo.

Kucacile ukuthi ngokomzimba futhi izakhiwo amakhemikhali izinsimbi eziye zahlolisiswa kahle. Manje nge ayinhloko wonke umuntu ajwayelekile. Kuleli phephandaba, sizoxoxa izakhiwo jikelele ngokomzimba of izinsimbi. Nokho, ukuze ukudida imigomo emibili, kuyinto uhlu olufushane lokho ncamashi Asho ukuthini nezakhi ezithile zamakhemikhali.

Okokuqala, ikhono izinsimbi ukuze uxhumane amagesi, amanzi kanye nezinye izinto. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi ihlanganisa solubility. Konke lokhu inquma namachibi, ukugqwala ukumelana nokunye.

Izakhiwo of izinsimbi emelelwa conductivity, ukuminyana, permeability, ukushisa ethize, futhi coloration, moldability nabanye. Uhlu ephelele mikhulu, ngakho uzobe ivinjelwe lapha. Sibala kuphela eziyisisekelo Izakhiwo zanoma izinsimbi.

Cabanga isimo: ebusika, abandayo. amabhentshi amabili ngaphandle - izinkuni nensimbi. Iyiphi kuyabanda? Ngisho ingane uyazi ukuthi metal. Nokho, izinga lokushisa emoyeni kuyafana, yingakho elithi "abandayo" awusebenzi lapha. Yini ebangela umuzwa abandayo? Izakhiwo of izinsimbi. Ikakhulukazi, conductivity ezishisayo futhi ukushisa umthamo. Ngenxa isakhiwo engavamile e-athomu crystal eheleni: metal isheshe kudle energy ezishisayo, lapho efudumele-nombala. Lesi sici sivumela uxhumano lula Welding noma nokunamathisela ngomthofu.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuncibilika ezinye izinsimbi kudingeka amazinga aphakeme okushisa, kuyilapho abanye bakwazi ngokoqobo ancibilike ezandleni zabo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-sodium metal ludlulele eliwuketshezi kakade degrees 100 (kancane kancane), ngakho metallurgist nokuzwakala kungaba ubani. okuphambene layo - tungsten (ekhiqizwa therefrom izibani intambo), okuyinto liyancibilika at 3400 degrees.

Yiqiniso, izakhiwo ngokomzimba of izinsimbi abagcini lapho. Cabanga ukuthi udinga ukwenza futhi ifake umnyango metal. Ubukhulu Esinembile kufaneleka ngaphandle "reserve" kuzoholela yokuthi isikhathi ezishisa konyaka ngenxa komugqa ukunwetshwa ezishisayo of umnyango uzovalwa (noma evulekile) Akunakwenzeka. Ngakho, nge ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa Ubukhulu umkhiqizo kancane lehla ngamaphesenti isici F. Zonke lezi zici kudingeka kucatshangelwe.

Izinsimbi babe okukhulu zikagesi. Yalabo ababulawa cishe konke: kusukela umqhubi ukuba ezivalekile zikagesi. Ukuze ukusetshenziswa ukukhiqizwa izintambo zethusi aluminium, ngoba ukumelana okungenani ukuba ukudlula izinhlayiya icala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izici best ngegolide nangesiliva, kodwa ngenxa yezindleko okusezingeni eliphezulu lezi zinsimbi asetshenziswa lilinganiselwe. impahla oxhumene - kuyinto le ukumelana kagesi. Ngoba lezi zinto ekhiqizwa Ukushisa ohlobo, intambo, njll Abamele leli qembu izinsimbi -. Ingabe tungsten nichrome (ingxubevange).

Omunye izici ezibalulekile izifunda - lokhu inductor. Enough ukwenza kube lama-soft impahla kazibuthe, ezifana operation isinyathelo esinqala sokushintsha. Lokhu kungenxa magnetization we metal.

Ngena yomkhiqizo izici oyifunayo kungaba kuphela icala uma ukwazi izakhiwo ngokomzimba we metal esetshenziswa.