Izilwane UK. Flora nezilwane ezihlukahlukene Great Britain

Izwe eliyisiqhingi itholakala engxenyeni enyakatho ntshonalanga yeYurophu futhi idume sezulu layo lingahambisani futhi ngokwengxenye elikhahlazayo, lina, kunenkungu futhi imimoya njalo. Konke lokhu ngqo kuhlobene nezinga yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Mhlawumbe yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene UK akuyona njengomuntu ocebile zinhlobo njengoba kwamanye amazwe eYurophu noma emhlabeni, kodwa kusukela kule ke akaphelelwa ubuhle bayo, charm ubunjalo.

Izimpawu impumuzo

Territory okuqondene-United Kingdom, zingahlukaniswa zibe izindawo ezimbili: High futhi okuphansi eBrithani. Isifunda sokuqala sihlanganisa eNyakatho Ireland, futhi itholakala entshonalanga nasenyakatho yezwe. Ukuze sezwe libhekene eziphikelelayo Bedrock lasendulo, kuba amagquma kakhulu inqanyuliwe futhi esincane emathafeni. Britain okuphansi welula eningizimu mpumalanga yezwe. It is zihlukaniswa landscape inamagquma futhi egqumeni elincane, ngasesinqeni overlain ngu abasebasha sedimentary amatshe. Kanye sezulu kanye nenhlabathi isimo sezwe kuthinta izici izilwane nezitshalo zezwe UK.

UK sezulu nemithombo yamanzi

On izimo zezulu kuleli zwe is kakhulu ehlaselwe Gulf Stream. Idala esipholile wasolwandle isizinda ezinomswakama. Ubusika abubandi ehlobo Kupholile nge fogs njalo futhi imimoya enamandla. I-annual lokushisa kwemini +11 ° C kuya eningizimu futhi cishe +9 ° C ngo-mpumalanga. kwezulu Lonyaka kakhulu. Isizathu itholakala ongaphakeme ingcindezi esifundeni, okuyinto welula impumalanga Atlantic Ocean, e imimoya eningizimu-ntshonalanga eyandile unyaka wonke, nasezintabeni, engxenyeni esentshonalanga yezwe.

Kingdom amumethe kwemithombo yamanzi. Ngenxa lemali elikhulu imvula ukuhwamuka ngokweqile, cishe nayo yonke insimu yezwe kwemifula ejulile axhunyiwe e inethiwekhi aminyene. Leli chibi elikhulu kunawo wonke elise-Northern Ireland (Lough Tay) neScotland (Loch Lomond, Loch Ness esithombeni ngenhla). Indawo ebabazekayo kakhulu, iyikhaya nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene izilwane.

Inhlabathi nohlaza

Ukuze UK, libhekene predominance Ngaphakathi anombala onsundu ehlathini podzolic nenhlabathi, ku-limestone rocks nemvelo - humus-carbonate. Ngenxa izimvula ezina kakhulu, zozela zonke, bavame ukuba leached. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo yeNgilandi okuncane kakhulu, amahlathi angaba ngu-10% kuphela endaweni esifundeni. Ngakho-UK izilwane - Esikhatsini lesinyenti izakhamuzi emathafeni, izimfunda kanye amachibi. Ihlathi kancane ngaphezulu Scotland Nokho, lapho ubuswa heathlands ngokwedlulele ukuthi lezizindawo zezikhotha futhi Peat bogs. I evelele zinhlobo isihlahla: pine, larch, sonwele futhi oki. Esikhathini sifinyelela ephansi yezintaba Wales naseNgilandi Futhi uhlangana hornbeam, Elm, beech, umlotha. Esikhathini eningizimu yezwe ezikhulayo ezinye izinhlobo zawo siluhlaza ejwayelekile iMedithera. Flora nezilwane ezihlukahlukene eBrithani inquma sezulu layo. zezikhotha Yemvelo eWales naseNgilandi - lapho kudabuka khona daffodils zasendle ukuphaphatheka ophuzi (isibonakaliso of Wales), ama-orchid kanye primrose. izindawo Ephakeme ezisezintabeni utshani-okuxubile utshani ezindaweni zokhuni, crowberry futhi billberry. Highlands elinesimo predominance ka sphagnum Peat bogs-pushitsievyh nge edlelweni nokwayo alpine bezintaba.

Ezinye izitshalo esinendawo olunothile babé iwuphawu kokubili British kanye nomakhelwane babo. Shamrock, clover noma ethafeni, impela ijwayelekile eziningi, ihlobene igama St Patrick, ongumvikeli Ireland. A leek zasendle iyona liwuphawu abantu Wales. Spiny somkhaya ukhula (esesithombeni) isivele eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-500 - uphawu of Scotland, emelela uhlamvu efanayo abavukelayo uyaziqhenya esifundeni.

Fauna yaseBrithani

Nezilwane yezwe futhi akahlukile ezihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ejwayelekile Northern Europe. Okwamanje, kukhona abangaba ngu-70 izinhlobo zezilwane isigaba ezincelisayo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi 13 babo okungenisiwe, hhayi zomdabu, sendawo lapho. A ezihlukahlukene zezinyoni ezingaphezu (588 zinhlobo). Ngesikhathi esifanayo njalo bahlale endaweni ka-abangaba ngu-250, futhi ezingu-300 ezingajwayelekile noma nobubanzi besandla. Nesimo sezulu esibandayo ungakuvumeli ukuba ezihlukahlukene zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, okuyinto ebucayi okushisa ukuphi. Bomdabu zinhlobo eliwumhlaba eziyisithupha kuphela, plus Izimfudu zasolwandle (5) nezilwane ezihuquzelayo alethwe esiqhingini ngomuntu (7).

Class Ezilwane Ezincelisayo: zinhlobo

UK coast ubizwa wageza ngu-Atlantic Ocean, futhi lokhu kuchaza inombolo enkulu izilwane zasolwandle. Ngakho, ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana uphawu ezivamile futhi grey phezu Amabhishi anesihlabathi itshana. Emanzini indawo abahlala Umkhomo oluhlaza futhi umkhomo, sei whale, umkhomo fin, Minke, amahlengethwa (Empunga, Atlantic ezimhlophe emaceleni, gaya ezivamile, amhlophe-beaked, ezimthende, bottlenose, whale) kanye ingulube Guinea, enyakatho whale bottlenose, umkhomo beaked, umkhomo beaked kanye nesidoda.

Ezinye izilwane e-UK ngu ukuzingela esebenzayo phakathi namakhulu eminyaka kuze kube isikhathi samanje, ziye zaba ezingavamile. Hhayi okuningi emahlathini zasendle eziyivulayo ayabulala izilwane, njengasekuqaleni: European Roe izinyamazane, obomvu, lezilamabala amanzi (a ezingavamile, lwezilwane ezisengozini) izinyamazane, izinyamazane yifusi, muntjac Chinese. Kulaba ezinkulu ezizingelayo kukhona impungushe, impisi, Wild, marten, Ermine, uchakide, polecat, Otter, njll Izakhamuzi evamile -. Badgers, izingulube zasendle, shrews. squad Lagomorphs ethulwa inombolo ezanele amafomu: hare nonogwaja kanye unogwaja zasendle, vole, dormice, emagundvwane, Caroline namaprotheni abavamile.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula indlela izinto ezihlukahlukene abamele Amalulwane umndeni (zonke izinhlobo 20). Amanye amagama kukhona zilwane ezingajwayelekile, kuyilapho abanye bayazazi eziningi: ilulwane esikhulu nenkanyiso encane ukhamba, barbastelle, sekwephuzile futhi ezimbili ithoni isikhumba, nesikhova esinamadlebe amade, amanzi, darnel, ubusuku nelulwane Brandt sika, noctule amancane ezivamile, pipistrelle, ensundu nelulwane esinamadlebe amade futhi grey.

Izinyoni Britain

Ezinhlotsheni ezingu abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu ka izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingaphezu kuka isigamu sendawo yezwe kukhona kuphela nobubanzi besandla. Izinto ezenziwa abantu kunomthelela omkhulu kwi izindawo zemvelo kukhona. Lokhu kuholela eziningi izinhlobo ezahlukene kunyakaza. Ngakho, ngenxa amanzi kwamaxhaphozi kakhulu kwehle isibalo nezinyoni zamanzi, kodwa emizini vuma kondlunkulu amajuba, labantu esikhulu kakhulu. Nezilwane UK engacebile kakhulu ngokuya ukwehluka, futhi izinyoni nabo bayajabula. Kwabakhileyo yomdabu kuyafaneleka zintaka, starlings, titmice, robins kingfisher (esesithombeni), Krasnogruda robin (uphawu yezwe), Petrel, thrushes, njll Inombolo game izinyoni incane, kodwa namanje zikhona pheasants futhi partridges.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezihuquzelayo akha?

NeMibandela ezihuquzelayo, uma sikubeka kahle, hhayi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, zonke izinhlobo 11, abahlanu babo - impilo yasolwandle (izimfudu). Eyokuqala amalungu amathathu - a isibankwa: esheshayo, viviparous futhi Anguis fragilis (esesithombeni). Uhlobo yokugcina zifana inyoka, njengoba ingenayo imilenze. Kuyinto izilwane zasendle ngempela evamile, kukhona ikuyo yonke indawo. Izinyoka nazo ezintathu izinhlobo: utshani inyoka, inyoka bushelelezi futhi enesihlungu. Kubantu abahlala e-bomdabu ogwini kukhona izimfudu ulwandle: loggerhead, hawksbill, oluhlaza futhi Ridley ulwandle ufudu Kemp sika.

Ngaphezu kwalezi ezihuquzelayo kuleli zwe okungenani elinye eziyisikhombisa zinhlobo kwalethwa ngezikhathi ezehlukene. Lezi zihlanganisa i-red-futhi European Echibini ufudu, udonga futhi isibankwa oluhlaza, lenyoka amanzi izinyoka, inyoka Aesculapian. Ezinye izilwane UK ayeke ahlala kakade futhi insimu yalo, kodwa safa, futhi kamuva kabusha amazwe.

abameleli Class of izilwane zasemhlabeni

zinhlobo ongowokuzalwa eziphila emanzini nasezweni, kukhona ezimbalwa, ingqikithi ayisishiyagalombili (5 no-3 waphansi tailed). Ngo emifuleni namanzi amile wathola zintulo: nitenosny, abavamile futhi ikamu (bheka isithombe). Abamele grey waphansi futhi ezivamile mhlanga Toads, amaxoxo (echibini, emincanyana kanye herbal). It is njengoba ubuncane nanye zinhlobo owethulwa ezaziwayo. Phakathi kwazo kunabafundi Tritons (ohlanzekile seropyatnisty namatshe amhlophe amaningi), frog ezidliwayo, umlilo intulo, ophuzi-bellied iselesele, njll

Izakhamuzi ezingenamgogodla UK

Lezi zilwane zasendle avulekile, kodwa eziningi kakhulu kokubili inani eliphelele futhi zinhlobo ukwehluka. shellfish uhlobo imelelwa 220 zinhlobo eliwumhlaba. Okuvame kakhulu kanti eziningi isigaba - Yebo, izinambuzane. E-UK kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20,000 zinhlobo, kuhlanganise mabhungane, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera futhi ojekamanzi.

Izilwane UK zinezikhathi inombolo mancane zezinto eziphilayo kanye jikelele labantu ongaphakeme. Lokhu kungenxa nje kuphela isimo sezulu. Ukungenela komuntu, ukucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi, amanzi kwamaxhaphozi nokubhujiswa, eyathatha amakhulu eminyaka, ngokuqinisekile ezinikelwe.