Izimbangela nezimpawu-Down syndrome

Down syndrome, ebizwa nangokuthi trisomy 21 - eyasithola ngofuzo okuholela nawokuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwengqondo. I zokugula kwenzeka phakathi omunye izinsana eziyisishiyagalombili. Izimpawu ze-Down syndrome ziyabonakala ukubambezeleka ukuthuthukiswa, okungase okuncane noma okusesilinganisweni, ukwakha izici isici ebusweni, ongaphakeme imisipha ithoni. Ukuhlupheka kusuka zokugula abantu bavame ukuba nezifo zesisu, isifo senhliziyo nezinye izinkinga.

Izimbangela-Down Syndrome

igama Pathology kunikezwa behlonipha Langdon Down - kudokotela okunguyena owokuqala owachaza lesi sifo ngo-1866. Udokotela wakwazi ukuyibiza izimpawu ayisisekelo, kodwa isizathu wehluleka kahle ukuhlonza egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Lokhu kwenzeke kuphela ngo-1959, lapho ososayensi bathola ukuthi Down syndrome zofuzo wolimi. Iseli elinye nelinye Lomuntu sicuketse 23 ngazimbili wama-chromosomes ethwele izakhi zofuzo ludingeka ekuthuthukisweni evamile umzimba. 23 Ama-chromosomes e zizuzwe ngokusebenzisa neqanda elivela kumama kanye pair of them akha 23 Ama-chromosomes e njengefa ngokusebenzisa elahlangana nesidoda sikababa wakhe. Kodwa ngakho-ke kwenzeka ukuthi ingane evela kumzali asizuzayo njengefa-chromosomes ezengeziwe. Lapho efika kunina esikhundleni esisodwa ne-chromosome 21 ezimbili isiyonke (kufaka 21 th-chromosome eyatholakala kusukela ubaba), ziba ezintathu. Lokhu kubangela Down Syndrome.

Izimpawu ze-Down Syndrome

Ukubonakaliswa abanaso bangabhekana isukela imnene ezinzima, kodwa abantu abaningi zokugula unezici okubeka obala zangaphandle. Ngakho, izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi ngiyagula-Down syndrome zihlanganisa:

• isicaba ubuso, umlomo omncane, izindlebe ezincane, intamo esifushane, amehlo slanted ;
• izandla ububanzi futhi mfushane kakhulu ngeminwe iDemo;
• esibhakabhakeni i lwaleli, namazinyo egwegwile, ikhala flat;
• ugobile esifubeni , nabanye.

nawokuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwengqondo

Izingane nge lesi sifo baye kahle zokuxhumana. Lokhu kubonakala eqinisweni lokuthi basuke neze waqeqeshwa. Futhi le nkinga iqhubeka ukuphila. Kuyinto namanje akukacaci ngokuphelele lokho kahle indlela extra-chromosome 21th kungathinta nentuthuko ephawulekayo. Ngu usayizi ubuchopho bomuntu abane-Down syndrome cishe iyafana ubuchopho umuntu enempilo. Kodwa isakhiwo ezindaweni ngamunye - cerebellum futhi hippocampus - ingasebenza modified. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi maqondana hippocampus, okuyinto unomthwalo inkumbulo.

Isifo senhliziyo nezifo zesisu

Izibonakaliso ngaphezulu-Down syndrome cishe ngemva kwengxenye labantwana bakwa nazo ephelezelwa azalwa naso inhliziyo yayo yayinezinkinga ezicini. Kwezinye izimo, ukuze ulungise ukukhubazeka kudingeka uhlinzwe ngokushesha emva kokuzalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane lesi sifo libhekene izifo eziningi emathunjini, ezivamile ikakhulukazi fistula tracheoesophageal futhi atresia ngomphimbo.

nokunye ukwephulwa

Izingane nge zokugula ukungenwa izifo ezifana:

• i-hypothyroidism;
• zibe kwezinsana, ukuquleka;
• abezindaba otitis;
• ukuzwa kanye ongaboni;
• Ukungazinzi yomgogodla entanyeni;
• ukukhuluphala;
• hyperreactivity futhi ukungakwazi ukugxilisa disorder;
• ukucindezeleka.

Down Syndrome Ukwelashwa

Kuze kube manje, indlela ukwelapha lesi sifo alikho. Kungaba kuphela ukwenza ukwelashwa ezihlobene iziyaluyalu, ezifana nesifo senhliziyo noma nezifo zesisu. Kodwa izinga lempilo izingane zinkinga usengakwazi zingathuthukiswa. Ngenxa yale njongo izindlela ezehlukene, ezihlanganisa ukuvivinya inkulumo, ukubhucunga nokunyakazisa umzimba, occupational therapy.